Araştırma Makalesi
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COVID-19 İle İlgili Ölüm Kaygısının Seyahat Davranışına Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 19 Sayı: COVID-19 Special Issue, 105 - 121, 31.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.787466

Öz

Dünya 2020 yılının ilk ayları itibariyle daha önce benzeri görülmemiş bir krizle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. 2019 yılının sonlarında Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan yeni tip Koronavirüs (COVID-19) 2020 yılının ilk çeyreği itibariyle nerdeyse bütün dünyada bir küresel salgın haline gelmiştir. Geçmişte küresel salgın örnekleri olsa da, ulaştırma teknolojisinde yaşanan gelişmeler ve insan haraketliliğinin geldiği nokta salgının çok kısa bir sürede çok geniş bir alana yayılmasına neden olmuştur. Yayılma hızı ve sebep olduğu ölümler nedeniyle birçok ülke COVID-19 ile mücadele için bazı önlemler almaya başlamıştır. Yaşanan bütün bu gelişmeler insanları zihinsel ve fiziksel anlamda olumsuz olarak etkilemiş ve davranış kalıplarında değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada pandemiyle ilgili ölüm kaygısının seyahat etme niyeti ve destinasyon ziyaret niyetine etkisinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Özellikle seyahat olgusu ile pandeminin yayılması arasındaki ilişki ve pandemi nedeniyle uygulanan seyahat kısıtlamalarının insanların seyahat ve turizmle ilgili davranış biçimlerini değiştirdiği düşünülmektedir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre pandemiyle ilgili ölüm kaygısı seyahat ve destinasyon ziyaret niyetlerini etkilemektedir. Bu yönüyle çalışma konuya ilişkin teorik ve pratik bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

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  • Artuger, S. (2015). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Tourists’ Revisit Intentions. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 36-44.
  • Baker, D.A. ve Crompton, J.L. (2000). Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 785–804.
  • Baxter, E., ve Bowen, D. (2004). Anatomy of tourism crisis: Explaining the effects on tourism of the UK foot and mouth disease epidemics of 1967–68 and 2001 with special reference to media portrayal. International Journal of Tourism Research, 6(4), 263-273.
  • Brown, L. (2013). Tourism: A catalyst for existential authenticity. Annals of Tourism Research, 40, 176–190.
  • Buhalis, D. ve Law, R. (2008). Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet-The state of eTourism research. Tourism Management, 29(4), 609-623
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  • Chen, Y., Shang, R., ve Li, M. (2014).The effects of perceived relevance of travel blogs' content on the behavioral intention to visit a tourist destination. Computers in Human Behavior, 30(1), 787–799.
  • Cheng, S., Lam, T., ve Hsu, C. H. (2006). Negative word-of-mouth communication intention: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Hospitality ve Tourism Research, 30(1), 95-116.
  • Chi, C. G. Q., Chua, B. L., Othman, M., ve Karim, S. A. (2013). Investigating the structural relationships between food image, food satisfaction, culinary quality, and behavioral intentions: The case of Malaysia. International Journal of Hospitality ve Tourism Administration, 14(2), 99-120.
  • Chin, L. C., Leng, L. H., Yuan, N. S. ve, Xiong, P. Y. (2015). Determinants of travel intention among foreign student in Malaysia-perspective from push-pull motivations (Doctoral dissertation), UTAR
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  • Chung, N., Han, H., ve Joun, Y. (2015). Tourists’ intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 588-599.
  • Cooper, M. L., Agocha, V. B., ve Sheldon, M. S. (2000). A motivational perspective on risky behaviors: The role of personality and affect regulatory processes. Journal of personality, 68(6), 1059-1088.
  • Del Chiappa, G. ve Baggio, R. (2015). Knowledge transfer in smart tourism destinations: Analyzing the effects of a network structure. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 4(3), 145-150.
  • Di-Clemente, E., Hernandez-Mogollon, J. M., ve Campon-Cerro, A. M. (2019). Tourists’ ınvolvement and memorable food-based experiences as new determinants of behavioural ıntentions towards typical products. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-14.
  • Doğan, D. (2019). SmartPLS ile Veri Analizi [Data Analysis with SmartPLS]. Ankara: Zet Press
  • Domínguez-Quintero, A. M., González-Rodríguez, M. R. ve Paddison, B. (2020). The mediating role of experience quality on authenticity and satisfaction in the context of cultural-heritage tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 248-260
  • Dowling, G., ve Staelin, R. (1994). A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-Handling Activity. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1): 119-35.
  • Ferns, B. H., ve Walls, A. (2012). Enduring travel involvement, destination brand equity, and travelers’ visit intentions: A structural model analysis. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 1(1-2), 27-35.
  • Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Gamble, P. R. (1992). The educational challenge for hospitality and tourism studies. Tourism Management, 13(1), 6-10.
  • Gills, B. K. (2008). The swinging of the pendulum: The global crisis and beyond. Globalizations, 5, 513–522
  • Gudykunst, W., and M. Hammer (1988). “Strangers and Hosts: An Uncertainty Reduction Base Theory of Intercultural Adaptation.” In Cross- Cultural Adaptation: Current Approaches, edited by Y. Kim and W. Gudykunst. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, pp. 106-39.
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The Effect of Death Anxiety Related to COVID-19 on Travel Behavior

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 19 Sayı: COVID-19 Special Issue, 105 - 121, 31.10.2020
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.787466

Öz

As of the first months of 2020, the world faced an unprecedented crisis. The new type of coronavirus (COVID-19), which appeared in Wuhan, China in late 2019, has become a global epidemic to the entire world by the first quarter of 2020. Although there have been examples of global outbreaks in the past, developments in transportation technology and the point at which human mobility has come have caused the outbreak to spread over a very wide area in a very short period of time. Due to the speed of spread and the deaths caused by it, many countries have started to take some measures to combat COVID-19. All these developments negatively affected people mentally and physically and caused changes in behavior patterns. In this study, it is aimed to determine the effect of death anxiety related to pandemic on the travel intention and destination visit intention. In particular, the relationship between the phenomenon of travel and the spread of the pandemic, and the travel restrictions imposed due to the pandemic, are thought to change the way people behave in relation to travel and tourism. According to the results of the study, pandemic-related death anxiety affects travel intentionand destination visit intention. In this respect, the study offers theoretical and practical information on the subject.

Kaynakça

  • Abubakar, M. A. (2016). Does eWOM influence destination trust and travel intention: a medical tourism perspective. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 29(1), 598-611.
  • Aguirre, J. A. (2007). Tourism, volcanic eruptions and information: Lessons for crisis management in national parks in Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 2006, PASOS, Coasta Rica, pp. 175–192.
  • Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachments beyond infancy. American Psychologist, 44(4), 709–716.
  • Artuger, S. (2015). The Effect of Risk Perceptions on Tourists’ Revisit Intentions. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 36-44.
  • Baker, D.A. ve Crompton, J.L. (2000). Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 785–804.
  • Baxter, E., ve Bowen, D. (2004). Anatomy of tourism crisis: Explaining the effects on tourism of the UK foot and mouth disease epidemics of 1967–68 and 2001 with special reference to media portrayal. International Journal of Tourism Research, 6(4), 263-273.
  • Brown, L. (2013). Tourism: A catalyst for existential authenticity. Annals of Tourism Research, 40, 176–190.
  • Buhalis, D. ve Law, R. (2008). Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet-The state of eTourism research. Tourism Management, 29(4), 609-623
  • Chen, L., Evans, T., Anand, S., Boufford, J. I., Brown, H., Chowdhury, M., ... ve Fee, E. (2004). Human resources for health: overcoming the crisis. The Lancet, 364(9449), 1984-1990.
  • Chen, Y., Shang, R., ve Li, M. (2014).The effects of perceived relevance of travel blogs' content on the behavioral intention to visit a tourist destination. Computers in Human Behavior, 30(1), 787–799.
  • Cheng, S., Lam, T., ve Hsu, C. H. (2006). Negative word-of-mouth communication intention: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Hospitality ve Tourism Research, 30(1), 95-116.
  • Chi, C. G. Q., Chua, B. L., Othman, M., ve Karim, S. A. (2013). Investigating the structural relationships between food image, food satisfaction, culinary quality, and behavioral intentions: The case of Malaysia. International Journal of Hospitality ve Tourism Administration, 14(2), 99-120.
  • Chin, L. C., Leng, L. H., Yuan, N. S. ve, Xiong, P. Y. (2015). Determinants of travel intention among foreign student in Malaysia-perspective from push-pull motivations (Doctoral dissertation), UTAR
  • Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). London, Lawrence Elbaum Associates Publisher.
  • Chung, N., Han, H., ve Joun, Y. (2015). Tourists’ intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 588-599.
  • Cooper, M. L., Agocha, V. B., ve Sheldon, M. S. (2000). A motivational perspective on risky behaviors: The role of personality and affect regulatory processes. Journal of personality, 68(6), 1059-1088.
  • Del Chiappa, G. ve Baggio, R. (2015). Knowledge transfer in smart tourism destinations: Analyzing the effects of a network structure. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 4(3), 145-150.
  • Di-Clemente, E., Hernandez-Mogollon, J. M., ve Campon-Cerro, A. M. (2019). Tourists’ ınvolvement and memorable food-based experiences as new determinants of behavioural ıntentions towards typical products. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-14.
  • Doğan, D. (2019). SmartPLS ile Veri Analizi [Data Analysis with SmartPLS]. Ankara: Zet Press
  • Domínguez-Quintero, A. M., González-Rodríguez, M. R. ve Paddison, B. (2020). The mediating role of experience quality on authenticity and satisfaction in the context of cultural-heritage tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 248-260
  • Dowling, G., ve Staelin, R. (1994). A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-Handling Activity. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(1): 119-35.
  • Ferns, B. H., ve Walls, A. (2012). Enduring travel involvement, destination brand equity, and travelers’ visit intentions: A structural model analysis. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 1(1-2), 27-35.
  • Fornell, C., ve Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
  • Gamble, P. R. (1992). The educational challenge for hospitality and tourism studies. Tourism Management, 13(1), 6-10.
  • Gills, B. K. (2008). The swinging of the pendulum: The global crisis and beyond. Globalizations, 5, 513–522
  • Gudykunst, W., and M. Hammer (1988). “Strangers and Hosts: An Uncertainty Reduction Base Theory of Intercultural Adaptation.” In Cross- Cultural Adaptation: Current Approaches, edited by Y. Kim and W. Gudykunst. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, pp. 106-39.
  • Gupta, A., Gupta, D. R., ve Arora, N. (2010). The relationship between perceived travel risk, travel safety, travel anxiety and intentions to travel: A path analysis study of domestic traveller in India. International Journal of tourism and Travel, 3(1), 25-35
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., ve Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., ve Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414-433.
  • Hall, C. M. (2010). Crisis events in tourism: subjects of crisis in tourism. Current issues in Tourism, 13(5), 401-417.
  • Haque, T. H., ve Haque, M. O. (2018). The swine flu and its impacts on tourism in Brunei. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 36, 92-101.
  • Heidegger, M. (1996). Being and time. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  • Hem, L. E., Iversen, N. M. ve Nysveen, H. (2002). Effects of ad photos portraying risky vacation situations on intention to visit a tourist destination: moderating effects of age, gender, and nationality. Journal of Travel ve Tourism Marketing, 13(4), 1-26.
  • Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., ve Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modelling in international marketing. Advances in International Marketing, 20(1), 277–320.
  • Hong, J. C., Chiu, P. Y., Shih, H. F., ve Lin, P. S. (2012). Computer self-efficacy, competitive anxiety and flow state: Escaping from firing online game. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 11(3), 70–76.
  • Hsu, C. H., Cai, L. A., ve Li, M. (2010). Expectation, motivation, and attitude: A tourist behavioral model. Journal of travel research, 49(3), 282-296.
  • Hsu, C., ve Crotts, J. C. (2006). Segmenting mainland Chinese residents based on experience, intention and desire to visit Hong Kong. International Journal of Tourism Research, 8(4), 279-287.
  • Hung, K., ve Petrick, J. F. (2010). Developing a measurement scale for constraints to cruising. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(1), 206–228.
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  • Kirillova, K., ve Lehto, X. (2015). An existential conceptualization of the vacation cycle. Annals of Tourism Research, 55, 110-123.
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  • Kongoley-MIH, P. S. (2015). The Impact of Ebola on the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in Sierra Leone. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(12), 542-550.
  • Kovačić, S., Jovanović, T., Miljković, Ð., Lukić, T., Marković, S. B., Vasiljević, Ð. A., ... ve Ivkov, M. (2019). Are Serbian tourists worried? The effect of psychological factors on tourists’ behavior based on the perceived risk. Open Geosciences, 11(1), 273-287.
  • Krause, S., Rydall, A., Hales, S., Rodin, G., ve Lo, C. (2015). Initial validation of the Death and Dying Distress Scale for the assessment of death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of pain and symptom management, 49(1), 126-134.
  • Lai, C., Li, X., ve Harrill, R. (2013). Chinese outbound tourists’ perceived constraints to visiting the United States. Tourism Management, 37(8), 136–146.
  • Lam, T., ve Hsu, C. H. (2004). Theory of planned behavior: Potential travelers from China. Journal of hospitality ve tourism research, 28(4), 463-482.
  • Larsen, S., Brun, W., ve Qgaard, T. (2009). What tourists worry about–Construction of a scale measuring tourist worries. Tourism Management, 30(2), 260-265.
  • Lee CK, Song HJ, Bendle LJ, Kim MJ, Han H. (2012). The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for 2009 H1N1 influenza on travel intentions: A model of goal-directed behavior. Tourism Management. 33(1), 89-99.
  • Lee, C. C., ve Chen, C. J. (2011). The reaction of elderly Asian tourists to avian influenza and SARS. Tourism Management, 32(6), 1421-1422.
  • Lee, Y. F.ve Harrald, J. R. (1999). Critical issue for business areaimpact analysis in business crisis management: Analytical cap-ability. Disaster Prevention and Management, 8(3), 184-189.
  • Lepp, A., ve Gibson, H. (2008). Sensation seeking and tourism: Tourist role, perception of risk and destination choice. Tourism Management, 29(4), 740-750.
  • Lonetto, R., ve Templer, D. I. (1986). Series in health psychology and behavioral medicine.Death anxiety. Hemisphere Publishing Corp.
  • Loureiro, S. M., ve González, F. J. (2008). The importance of quality, satisfaction, trust, and image in relation to rural tourist loyalty. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 25, 117–136.
  • McAleer, M., Huang, B. W., Kuo, H. I., Chen, C. C., ve Chang, C. L. (2010). An econometric analysis of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourist arrivals to Asia. Environmental Modelling ve Software, 25(1), 100-106.
  • McIntyre, N., ve J. Roggenbuck (1998). Nature/Person transactions during an outdoor adventure experience: A multi-phasic analysis. Journal of Leisure Research, 30(4): 401-22.
  • Mitchell, V. W., Davies, F., Moutinho, L., ve Vassos, V. (1999). Using neural networks to understand service risk in the holiday product. Journal of Business Research, 46(2), 167-180.
  • Mizrachi, I., ve Fuchs, G. (2016). Should we cancel? An examination of risk handling in travel social media before visiting ebola-free destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 28, 59-65.
  • Moutinho, L. (1987). Consumer behaviour in tourism. European Journal of Marketing, 21(10), 3–44.
  • Nezakati, H., Amidi, A., Jusoh, Y. Y., Moghadas, S., Aziz, Y. A. ve Sohrabinezhadtalemi, R. (2015). Review of social media potential on knowledge sharing and collaboration in tourism industry. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 120-125.
  • Nikbin, D., ve Hyun, S. S. (2017). Does travellers’ casual attribution affect pre-recovery emotions and behavioural intentions? A field study of airline travellers in Malaysia. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(1), 80-93.
  • Oldmeadow, J. A., Quinn, S., ve Kowert, R. (2013). Attachment style, social skills, and Facebook use amongst adults. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 1142–1149.
  • Page, S., Yeoman, I., Munro, C., Connell, J., ve Walker, L. (2006). A case study of best practice—Visit Scotland's prepared response to an influenza pandemic. Tourism Management, 27(3), 361-393.
  • Pambudi, D., McCaughey, N., ve Smyth, R. (2009). Computable general equilibrium estimates of the impact of the Bali bombing on the Indonesian economy. Tourism Management, 30(2), 232-239.
  • Paraskevas, A., Altinay, L., McLean, J. ve Cooper, C. (2013). Crisis knowledge in tourism: Types, flows and governance. Annals of Tourism Research, 41, 130-152.
  • Pine, R. ve McKercher, B. (2004). The impact of SARS on Hong Kong’s tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 16(2), 139-143.
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  • Reisinger, Y., ve Mavondo, F. (2005). Travel anxiety and intentions to travel internationally: implications of travel risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 43, 212–225.
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  • Roodurmun, J., ve Juwaheer, T. D. (2010). Influence of trust on destination loyalty: An empirical analysis the discussion of the research approach. International Research Symposium in Service Management (pp. 24–27). Mauritius
  • Sevinç, E. (2013). Çoklu Regresyon Korelasyon Analizinde Varsayımdan Sapmalar ve Çimento Sektörü Üzerine Uygulama [Deviations from Assumption in Multiple Regression Correlation Analysis and Application on the Cement Sector]. Retrieved from http://serpam.org/wp-content/uploads/Sevinc2013.pdf, Date of access: 05.02.2020
  • Soyak, M. (2013). Uluslararası turizmde son eğilimler ve Türkiye’de turizm politikalarının evrimi. The Journal of Marmara Social Research, 4, 1-18.
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  • Şenol, C. (1989). Ankara İlinde Kurumlarda Yaşayan Yaşlılarda Ölüme İlişkin Kaygı ve Korkular. Basılmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara
  • Tan, W. K., ve Wu, C. E. (2016). An investigation of the relationships among destination familiarity, destination image and future visit intention. Journal of Destination Marketing ve Management, 5(3), 214-226.
  • Templer, D. I. (1970). The construction and validation of a death anxiety scale. The Journal of general psychology, 82(2), 165-177.
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  • Ünlüönen, K., ve Çeti, B. (2019). Salgın hastalıklar sebebiyle oluşan krizlerin turizm sektörü üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(2), 109-128.
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  • Yoon, Y. and Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism Management, 26(1), 45-56.
  • Zarrad, H., ve Debabi, M. (2015). Analyzing the effect of electronic word of mouth on tourists’ attitude toward destination and travel intention. International research journal of social sciences, 4(4), 53-60.
Toplam 90 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Turizm, Otelcilik, Konaklama ve Spor
Yazarlar

Ümit Şengel 0000-0003-1284-836X

Merve Işkın 0000-0002-4748-0422

Gökhan Genç 0000-0003-3573-3661

Mustafa Çevrimkaya 0000-0003-3845-2670

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ekim 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Ağustos 2020
Kabul Tarihi 10 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 19 Sayı: COVID-19 Special Issue

Kaynak Göster

APA Şengel, Ü., Işkın, M., Genç, G., Çevrimkaya, M. (2020). COVID-19 İle İlgili Ölüm Kaygısının Seyahat Davranışına Etkisi. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(COVID-19 Special Issue), 105-121. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.787466