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Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve İş Tatmininin Zaman Hırsızlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 742 - 762, 26.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1345556

Öz

The productivity and ethical behaviors of employees in the healthcare sector are fundamental to the quality of patient care and organizational success. The loss of productivity observed in employees with low job satisfaction, frequent absenteeism and even leaving the organization, creates effects at both individual and institutional levels. Time banditry, recently discussed in the organizational behavior literature, is characterized as unethical and undesirable behaviors that affect employee productivity. In this context, this study, which examines the relationship between job satisfaction levels, organizational identification and time banditry behaviors of employees in the healthcare sector in Turkey, reveals the critical dynamics of ethics and efficiency in the sector. The universe of the research consists of 1,420,000 individuals according to the 2023 data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. Data were collected through surveys from 303 healthcare sector employees accessed via convenience sampling method. While high job satisfaction and organizational identification levels were identified among participants, the tendency towards time banditry was observed to be relatively low. An increase in job satisfaction tends to reduce time banditry behavior. It has been determined that organizational identification has a decisive effect, especially on traditional time banditry. Gender-based analyses have shown that women exhibit less time banditry behavior compared to men. These findings offer strategic information for the management of ethical behavior and employee motivation in the healthcare sector. Managers are advised to focus on increasing job satisfaction and promoting organizational commitment. These results provide an in-depth contribution to the literature on organizational ethics and performance.

Kaynakça

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  • Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E. ve Fugate, M. (2000). All in a day’s work: Bundaries and micro role transitions, The Academy of Management Review, 25 (3), 472-491. https://doi.org/10.2307/259305
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  • Baskin, M. E., Mckee, V. ve Buckley, M. R. (2017). Time banditry and impression management behavior: Prediction and profiling of time bandit types. Journal of Leadership ve Organizational Studies, 24 (1), 39-54. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1548051816661479
  • Bektaş, M. ve Taş, M. A. (2021). Eski bir soruna yeni bir bakış açısı: Zaman hırsızlığı. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(1), 237-256. http://dergipark.gov.tr/esad
  • Brock, M. E. (2010). Investigating the antecedents of time banditry: Climate, personality and commitment. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma, the USA.
  • Brock, M. E., Martin, L. E. ve Buckley, M. R. (2013). Time theft in organizations: The development of the time banditry questionnaire. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 21(3), 309-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12040
  • Chaulagain, N. ve Khadka, D. K. (2012). Factors influencing job satisfaction among healthcare professionals at tilganga eye centre, Kathmandu, Nepal. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 1 (11), 32-36.
  • Chen, Y-J. ve Tang, T. L-P. (2006). Attitude toward and propensity to engage in unethical behavior: Measurement ınvariance across major among university students. Journal of Business Ethics, 69 (77-93). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10551-006-9069-6
  • Çetiner, N. ve Erdoğan, P. (2022). Zaman hırsızlığı, Canbolat, M. A. ve Çakıcı A. B. (Ed.). Örgütlerin karanlık yüzü: Negatif davranışlar (1. Baskı, s. 27-52). Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
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  • Ganu, D. ve Kogutu, C. N. (2014). Effect of the big five personality traits on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the healthcare industry: The case of Kenya. American Journal of Health Sciences, 5 (2), 145-154.
  • Gürbüz, S. (2021). Amos ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi temel ilkeler ve uygulamalı analizler. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
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Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve İş Tatmininin Zaman Hırsızlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 742 - 762, 26.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1345556

Öz

Sağlık sektöründeki çalışanların verimliliği ve etik davranışları, hasta bakım kalitesi ve örgütsel başarının temel taşlarıdır. Düşük iş tatminine sahip çalışanlarda gözlemlenen verimlilik kaybı, sık işe devamsızlık ve hatta örgütten ayrılma gibi olumsuz sonuçlar hem bireysel hem de kurumsal düzeyde etkiler yaratmaktadır. Örgütsel davranış alan yazınında son yıllarda bahsi geçen zaman hırsızlığı çalışanların verimliliğini etkileyen, etik dışı, istenmeyen davranışlar olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye'deki sağlık sektöründe çalışanların iş tatmin düzeyleri, örgütsel özdeşleşme ve zaman hırsızlığı davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelendiği bu çalışma, sektörün etik ve verimlilik boyutundaki kritik dinamikleri ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığının 2023 verileri doğrultusunda 1.420.000 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle erişilen 303 sağlık sektörü çalışanından anket yöntemi ile veriler toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların yüksek iş tatmini ve örgütsel özdeşleşme düzeyleri belirlenirken, zaman hırsızlığı eğiliminin nispeten düşük olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. İş tatmininin artışı, zaman hırsızlığı davranışını azaltma eğilimi göstermektedir. Örgütsel özdeşleşmenin özellikle geleneksel zaman hırsızlığı üzerinde belirleyici etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet temelli analizler, kadınların erkeklere kıyasla daha az zaman hırsızlığı davranışı sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, sağlık sektöründeki etik davranış ve çalışan motivasyonunun yönetimi için stratejik bilgiler sunmaktadır. Yöneticilere, iş tatminini artırma ve örgütsel bağlılığı teşvik etme üzerine odaklanmaları önerilmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, örgütsel etik ve performans literatürüne derinlemesine bir katkı sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Akçamete, G., Kaner, S. ve Sucuoğlu, B. (2001). Tükenmişlik iş doyumu ve kişilik. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Ashforth, B. E. ve Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. The Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20–39. https://doi.org/10.2307/258189
  • Ashforth, B. E. ve Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory, Academy of Management Review, 4 (3), 20-39.
  • Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E. ve Fugate, M. (2000). All in a day’s work: Bundaries and micro role transitions, The Academy of Management Review, 25 (3), 472-491. https://doi.org/10.2307/259305
  • Babadağ, M. ve Kerse, G. (2019). Zaman hırsızlığı ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerliliğinin yeniden değerlendirilmesi ve kişilik özellikleri ile zaman hırsızlığı arasındaki ilişki. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19 (2), 419-438. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.V19i47045.523976
  • Baroş, S. (2008). Organizational identification: Theoretical and empirical analyses of competing conceptualizations. Cognitie, Creirer, Compartement/Cognition, Brain Behavior, 12 (1). 1-27.
  • Baskin, M. E., Mckee, V. ve Buckley, M. R. (2017). Time banditry and impression management behavior: Prediction and profiling of time bandit types. Journal of Leadership ve Organizational Studies, 24 (1), 39-54. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1548051816661479
  • Bektaş, M. ve Taş, M. A. (2021). Eski bir soruna yeni bir bakış açısı: Zaman hırsızlığı. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 17(1), 237-256. http://dergipark.gov.tr/esad
  • Brock, M. E. (2010). Investigating the antecedents of time banditry: Climate, personality and commitment. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma, the USA.
  • Brock, M. E., Martin, L. E. ve Buckley, M. R. (2013). Time theft in organizations: The development of the time banditry questionnaire. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 21(3), 309-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12040
  • Chaulagain, N. ve Khadka, D. K. (2012). Factors influencing job satisfaction among healthcare professionals at tilganga eye centre, Kathmandu, Nepal. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 1 (11), 32-36.
  • Chen, Y-J. ve Tang, T. L-P. (2006). Attitude toward and propensity to engage in unethical behavior: Measurement ınvariance across major among university students. Journal of Business Ethics, 69 (77-93). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10551-006-9069-6
  • Çetiner, N. ve Erdoğan, P. (2022). Zaman hırsızlığı, Canbolat, M. A. ve Çakıcı A. B. (Ed.). Örgütlerin karanlık yüzü: Negatif davranışlar (1. Baskı, s. 27-52). Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Dutton, J. E., Dukerich, J. M. ve Harquail, C. V. (1994). Organizational images and member identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39, 239-263.
  • Eraslan, M., Karafi̇l, A. Y., Akgül, M. H., Korkmaz, S. (2017). Üniversiteler arası spor müsabakalarına katılan Muay Thai sporcularının şiddet eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9 (22), 404-412.
  • Foote, N. N. (1951). Identification as the basis for a theory of motivation. American Sociological Review, 16 (1), 14-21. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2087964.
  • Form, W. H. (1959). Review of Organizations., by J. G. March & H. A. Simon. Administrative Science Quarterly, 4(1), 129-131. https://doi.org/10.2307/2390654
  • Fuller, J. B., Marler, L., Hester, K., Frey, L. ve Relyea, C. (2006). Construed external image and organizational identification: A test of the moderating influence of need for self-esteem. The Journal of Social Psychology, 146 (6), 701-716. https://doi.org/10.3200/socp.146.6.701-716.
  • Ganu, D. ve Kogutu, C. N. (2014). Effect of the big five personality traits on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the healthcare industry: The case of Kenya. American Journal of Health Sciences, 5 (2), 145-154.
  • Gürbüz, S. (2021). Amos ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi temel ilkeler ve uygulamalı analizler. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • Hall, D. T. ve Schneider, B. (1972). Correlates of organizational identification as a function of career pattern and organizational type. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(3), 340-350. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2392147.
  • Hall, D. T., Schneider, B. ve Nygren, H. T. (1970). Personal factors in organizational identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15 (2), 176-190. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2391488.
  • Haritos Tsamitis, D. (2009). An exploration of the influence of institutional factors and practices on organizational identification in students enrolled in transnational university partnership programs (Doctoral dissertation). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
  • Henle, C. A., Reeve, C. L. ve Pitts, V. E. (2010). Stealing time at work: Attitudes, social pressure, and perceived control as predictors of time theft. Journal of Business Ethics, 94, 53-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10551-009-0249-6
  • Hoppock, R. (1935). Job satisfaction, New York: Harper and Brothers.
  • Hwang, E. (2019). Effects of the organizational culture type, job satisfaction, and job stress on nurses’ happiness: A cross-sectional study of the long-term care hospitals of South Korea. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 16 (3), 263-273.
  • Johnston, M. W., Parasuraman, A., Futrell, C. M. ve Black, W. C. (1990). A longitudinal assessment of the impact of selected organizational influences on salespeople's organizational commitment during early employment. Journal of Marketing Research, 27 (3), 333-344. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379002700307
  • Karabati, S., Ensari, N. ve Fiorentino, D. (2019). Job satisfaction, rumination, and subjective well-being: A moderated mediational model. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20 (1), 251-268.
  • Kass, S. J., Vodanovich, S. J. ve Callender, A. (2001). State-trait boredom: Relationship to absenteeism, tenure, and job satisfaction. A Journal of Business and Psychology, 16 (2), 317-327. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011121503118
  • Keser, A. ve Öngen Bilir, K. B. (2019). İş tatmini ölçeğinin Türkçe güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 3(3), 229-239.
  • Ketchen Jr., D. J., Craighead, C. W. ve Buckley, M. R. (2008). Time bandits: How they are created, why they are tolerated and what can be done about them. Business Horizons, 51 (2), 141-149.
  • Kiho, M. (2018). Time banditry at work and its predictors. (Unpublished Master's Thesis). Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, New York: The Guilford Press. Klotz, A. C. ve Buckley, M. R. (2013). A historical perspective of counterproductive work behavior targeting the organization. Journal of Management History, 19 (1), 114-132. https://doi.org/10.1108/17511341311286222
  • Koslowsky, M., Sagie, A., Krausz, M. ve Singer, A. D. (1997). Correlates of employee lateness: Some theoretical considerations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (1), 79-88.
  • Köse, C. G. (2009). Örgütsel özdeşleşmenin çalışanların sürekli iyileştirme çabalarına katkısı: Bir araştırma. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Kreiner, G. E., Ashforth, B. E. (2004). Evidence toward an expanded model of organizational identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25 (1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1002/Job.234
  • Lee, S. M. (1969). Organizational identification of scientists. The Academy of Management Journal, 12 (3), 327-337.
  • Lee, S. M. (1971). An empirical analysis of organizational identification. The Academy of Management Journal, 14 (2), 213-226.
  • Liberman, B., Seidman, G., Mckenna, K. Y. A. ve Buffardi, L. E. (2011). Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers In Human Behavior, 27 (6), 2192-2199. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/J.Chb.2011.06.015
  • Luthans, F. (1995). Organizational behavior. New York: Mc. Graw Hill Publishing.
  • Macdonald, S. ve Maclntyre, P. (1997). The generic job satisfaction scale. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 13 (2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1300/J022v13n02_01
  • Mael, F. A. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1995). Loyal from day one: Biodata, organizational identification, and turnover among newcomers. Personnel Psychology, 48 (2), 309-333. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01759.x
  • Mael, F. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: a partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13 (2), 103-123. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130202
  • Martin, L. E. ve Brock, M. E., Buckley, M. R. ve Ketchen, D. J. Jr. (2010). Time banditry: Examining the purloining of time in organizations. Human Resource Management Review, 20 (1), 26-34.
  • McGregor, D. (1967). The Professional Manager. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Meyer, J. P. ve Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace. Theory, research andapplication, London: Sage Publications.
  • Mowday, R.T., Steers, R.M. ve Porter, L.W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 14 (2), 224-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1
  • Rafferty, A. E. ve Griffin, M. A. (2009). Job satisfaction in organizational research. London: Sage Publications
  • Reynolds, C. A. Shoss, M. K. ve Jundt, D. K. (2015). In the eye of the beholder: A multi-stakeholder perspective of organizational citizenship and counterproductive work behaviors. Human Resource Management Review, 25 (1), 80-93.
  • Riketta, M. (2005). Organizational identification: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66 (2), 358-384.
  • Rose, M. (2003). Good deal, bad deal? Job satisfaction in occupations. Work, Employment And Society, 17 (3), 503–530. https://doi.org/10.1177/09500170030173006
  • Sağlık Bakanlığı, (2023). Sağlık Bakanlığının 2024 yılı bütçesi, TBMM plan ve bütçe komisyonunda, https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR-100631/saglik-bakanliginin-2024-yili-butcesi-tbmm-plan-ve-butce-komisyonunda.html. (Erişim tarihi: 29.11.2023).
  • Salam, Md. A. (2017). Effects of psychological capital on job satisfaction and turnover intention: Thai higher education perspective. Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, 4 (3), 203-218.
  • Saruhan, C. S. ve Özdemirci, A. (2016). Bilim, felsefe ve metodoloji. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Sinclair, S. (2023). Does it matter whether others are working hard or hardly working? Effects of descriptive norms on attitudes to time theft at work. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12445
  • Smith, P. C., Kendall, L. M. ve Hulin, C. (1969). The measurement of satisfaction in work and behavior. Chicago: Raud Mcnally.
  • Sökmen, A., Ekmekçioğlu, E. B. ve Çelik, K. (2015). Algılanan örgütsel destek, örgütsel özdeşleşme ve yönetici etik davranışı ilişkisi: araştırma görevlilerine yönelik araştırma. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 125-144.
  • Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes and consequences. Thousand Oaks, Ca, Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Spector, P. E. ve Fox, S. (2002). An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior: Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 269-292.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (2015). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı. (Baloğlu, M. Çev.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayın.
  • Tajfel, H. (Ed.). (1978). Differentiation between social groups: Studies in ihe social psychology of intergroup relations. London: Academic Press.
  • Tak, B. ve Çiftçioğlu, A. (2009). Algılanan örgütsel prestij ile örgütsel bağlılık ve örgütsel özdeşleşme arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesine yönelik bir araştırma. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 9 (18), 100-116.
  • Tolman, E. C. (1943). Identification and the postwar world. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 38(2), 141-148.
  • Tyler, T. R. (1999). Why people cooperate with organizations: An identitybased perspective. Research in Organizational Behavior, 21, 201-246.
  • Ullah, S., Anis, W. ve Kamal, A. (2022). Analysis of time stealing behavior among employees: Determinants and effects on organizational performance. Journal of Workplace Behavior (JOWB), 3(1), 1-16.
  • Unanue, W., Gómez, M. E., Cortez, D., Oyanedel, J. C. ve Mendiburo-Seguel, A. (2017). Revisiting the link between job satisfaction and life satisfaction: The role of basic psychological needs. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(680), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3389/Fpsyg.2017.00680
  • Üstün, F. (2020). Örgütsel özdeşleşmenin üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları üzerine etkisi: Psikolojik iyi oluşun aracı rolü. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 35(2). 357-374.
  • Vroom, V. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: Willey.
  • Wan-Huggins, V. N., Riordan, C.M. ve Griffeth, R.W. (1998). The development and longitudinal test of a model of organizational identification. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 724-749.
  • Weiss, D. J., Dawis, R. V., England, G. W. ve Lofquist, L. H. (1967). Manual for the minnesota satisfaction questionnaire. Minneapolis: University Of Minnesota, Industrial Relations Center, Work Adjustment Project.
  • Yan, L. ve Berry, C. M. (2013). Identity, moral, and equity perspectives on the relationship between experienced injustice and time theft. Journal of Business Ethics, 118(1), 73-83.
  • Yaşar, M. (2014). İstatistiğe yönelik tutum ölçeği: geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36 (2), 59-75.
Toplam 72 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Örgütsel Davranış
Bölüm İşletme Finans
Yazarlar

Nisan Nur Çakır Temel 0000-0003-2935-4630

Nurcan Çetiner 0000-0002-0108-5849

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2023
Kabul Tarihi 4 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çakır Temel, N. N., & Çetiner, N. (2024). Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve İş Tatmininin Zaman Hırsızlığı Üzerindeki Etkileri. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(2), 742-762. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1345556