TURİZM 4.0 - TURİST 5.0: İNSAN DEVRİMİNİN NEDEN ENDÜSTRİ DEVRİMLERİNDEN BİR NUMARA ÖNDE OLDUĞUNA İLİŞKİN BAKIŞ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 1 - 11, 27.12.2018

Yunus Topsakal Nedim Yüzbaşıoğlu Pınar Çelik Mehmet Bahar

Öz

Endüstrileşme süreci bilgi ve iletişim
teknolojileri ile günümüzde dördüncü kez evrilme sürecine girmiştir. Turizm
endüstrisi de inovasyonlara ve teknolojilere hızla ayak uyduran dinamik bir
endüstri olmasından dolayı Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri turizm endüstrisinde
uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin turizm amaçlı
kullanılmasıyla ‘akıllı turizm’ kavramları ortaya çıkmıştır. Turizm 4.0
isimlendirilen akıllı turizm dikkatleri Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin
kullanıcılarına çevirmiştir. Japonya’da Endüstri 4.0 ile beraber Toplum 5.0
felsefesini ortaya çıkmıştır. İşte bu noktada Turizm 4.0’ın ‘süper akıllı
turist’ olarak isimlendirilmiş olan ‘Turist 5.0’ kavramına yol açması
kaçınılmaz görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı insanların ve dolayısıyla
turistlerin neden endüstri devrimlerini diğer insanlardan daha önce
algıladıkları ve derindeki alt sebeplerin neler olabileceğini tartışmaya
açmaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endüstri 4.0 Toplum 5.0 İnovasyon Turist 5.0 Süper Akıllı Turist

TOURISM 4.0 - TOURIST 5.0: WHY THE HUMAN REVOLUTION IS ONE NUMBER BIGGER THAN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS?

Öz

The industrialization process has begun to
evolve with information and communication technologies for the fourth time. Since the tourism industry is a dynamic industry
that keeps pace with innovations and technologies, Industry 4.0 technologies
have found application in the tourism industry. With the use of Industry 4.0 technologies for
tourism purposes, the concepts of smart tourism have emerged. Smart tourism,
called Tourism 4.0, has turned its attention to users of Industry 4.0
technologies. In Japan, the
philosophy of Community 5.0 was developed with Industry 4.0. At this point, it is inevitable that Tourism 4.0
leads to the concept of ‘Tourist 5.0’ which is called ‘super smart tourist’. The
aim of this study is to explain and discuss why human and, therefore, tourists
perceive industrial revolutions earlier than other people and what are the
underlying causes

Anahtar Kelimeler

Industry 4.0, Community 5.0, Innovation, Tourist 5.0

Kaynakça

• Bijker, W., Hughes, T. P. & Pinch, T. (1987). The Social Construction of Technological Systems. Cambridge: MIT Press.
• Buhalis, D. & Law, R. (2008). Progress in Information Technology and Tourism Management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet - the state of eTourism Research. Tourism Management, 29(4): 609-623.
• Buhalis, D. & Leung, R. (2018). Smart Hospitality Interconnectivity and Interoperability towards an Ecosystem. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 71: 41-50.
• Claveria, O., Monte, E. & Torra, S. (2015). A New Forecasting Approach for the Hospitality Industry. Internatioal Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(7): 1520-1538.
• Egger, R. (2013). The Impact of Near Field Communication on Tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 4(2): 119-133.
• Gretzel, U. (2011). Intelligent Systems in Tourism: A Social Science Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3): 757-779.
• Gretzel, U., Werthner, H., Koo, C. & Lamsfus, C. (2015a). Conceptual Foundations for Understanding Smart Tourism Ecosystems. Computers in Human Behavior, 50: 558-563.
• Holler, J., Tsiatsis, V., Mulligan, C., Avesand, S., Karnouskos, S. & Boyle, D. (2014). From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things: Introduction to a New Age of Intelligence. USA: Academic Press.
• Hooijdonk, R. (2015). Technology Trends 2030. https://www.richardvanhooijdonk.com/en/ keynote/trends2030/ (13.09.2018). Jin, J., Gubbi, J., Marusic, S. & Palaniswami, M. (2014). An Information Framework for Creating a Smart City through Internet of Things. IEEE Internet Things Journal, 1(2): 112-121.
• Lopez de Avila, A. (2015). Smart Destinations: XXI Century Tourism. ENTER2015, 3-6 February, Lugano, Switzerland.
• Michaelides, P. G. & Theologou, K. (2010). Tarde’s Influence on Schumpeter: Technology and Social Evolution. International Journal of Social Economics, 37(5): 361-373.
• Nabben, A., Wetzel, E., Oldani, E., Huyeng, J., Boel, M. & Fan, Z. (2016). Smart technologies in tourism: Case study on the influence of iBeacons on customer experience during the 2015 SAIL Amsterdam event. In the International Tourism Student Conference (pp. 1-32). Madrid, Spain.
• Ogburn, W. F. (1937). Technological Trends and National Policy, Including the Social Implications of New Inventions. Washington: United States Government Printing Office.
• Ramos, C., Correia, M., Rodrigues, J., Martins, D. & Serra, F. (2015). Big Data Warehouse Framework for Smart Revenue Management. In Advences in Environmental Science and Energy Planning, Mastorakis, N. & Corbi, I. (Ed.), WSEAS Press, Spain, pp. 13-22. Seric, M. & Gil-Saura, I. (2012). ICT, IMC, and Brand Equity in High Quality Hotels of Dalmatia: An Analysis from Guest Perceptions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management, 21(8): 821-851.
• Toedt, M. (2016). Hospitality Net - Beacons - Top or Flop for the Hospitality Industry?. http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4073267.html (11.09.2018)
• Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N. & Bahar, M. (2018a). Endüstri 4.0 Çağında ‘Akıllı’ Olma Yolunda Oteller için Önerile. 2. Uluslararası Turizmin Geleceği Kongresi, 27-29 Eylül, Mersin, ss. 252-256.
• Topsakal, Y., Yüzbaşıoğlu, N. & Çelik, P. (2018b). Yeni Nesil Turist Kartları: Antalya Destinasyonu Turist Kartı Önerisi. Uluslararası Antalya Kongresi, 1-3 Mart, ss. 1321-1333.
• Tuominen, P. & Ascencao, M. (2016). The Hotel of Tomorrow a Service Design Approach. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 22(3): 279-292.
• Williams, R. & Sörensen, K. (2002) Social Shaping, Guiding Policy. Concepts, Spaces, and Tools. Edinburgh: Edward Elgar.
• Xiang, Z. & Gretzel, U. (2010). Role of Social Media in Online Travel Information Search. Tourism Management, 31(2): 179-188.
• Yüzbaşıoğlu, N., Çelik, P., Topsakal, Y. & Bahar, M. (2018). Endüstri 4.0 ve Akıllı Turizm: Antalya Destinasyonu Akıllı Turist Rehberi Uygulama Geliştirilmesi. Innovation and Global Issues in Social Sciences III, 26-29 Nisan, Antalya, ss. 707-718.