Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 537 - 563, 31.12.2018
Gülay Parlak
,
Gijberk Van Den Brink
Jeroen De Ridder
René Van Woudenberg
Kaynakça
- 1. Francisco J. Ayala, “The Theory of Evolution: Recent Successes and Challenges,” Evolution and Creation içinde, ed. Ernan McMullin (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985).
- ------------------ Darwin’s Gift to Science and Religion (Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press, 2007).
- 2. Stephen J. Gould, “Evolution as Fact and Theory,” Hen’s Teeth and Horse’s Toes içinde (New York: Norton, 1980).
- 3. Michael Denton, Evolution: Still a Theory in Crisis (Seattle: Discovery Institute Press, 2016);
- ---------------- Where the Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, and Naturalism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011).
- 4. Jeroen de Ridder, “Science and Scientism in Popular Science Writing.” Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective 3, no. 12 (2014): 23-39.
- 5. Rasmus Grønfeldt Winther, “The Structure of Scientific Theories,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy içinde, ed. Edward N. Zalta (Güz 2015 Baskısı), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2015/entries/structure-scientific-theories/.
- 6. Karl Popper, Conjectures and Refutations (Londra: Routledge, 1963).
- 7. Theo Kuipers, (ed.) What is Closer to-the-Truth? (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1987).
- 8. Catherine Baker, The Evolution Dialogues. Science, Christianity, and the Quest for Understanding, ed. James B. Miller, (Washington DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2006).
- 9. Vernon W. Bauer, Can a Christian Be an Evolutionist? (North Charleston:Create-Space, 2011).
- 10. Roderick Chisholm, Theory of Knowledge, 2. Baskı (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1977);
- ----------------- Person and Object (LaSalle: Open Court, 1976).
- 11. Larry Lauden, “A Confutation of Convergent Realism,” Philosophy of Science 48 (1981): 19–49;
- --------------------“Demystifying Underdetermination,” Scientific Theories içinde, ed. C. Wade Savage (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1990), 267– 297.
- 12. Samuel Arbesman, The Half-Life of Facts. Why Everything We Know Has an Expiration Date (New York: Current, 2012).
- 13. W. H. Newton-Smith, “The Underdetermination of Theory by Data,” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Tamamlayıcı Cilt 52 (1978): 71–91.
- 14. P. Kyle Stanford, Exceeding Our Grasp (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).
- 15. Anjan Chakravartty, “Scientific Realism,” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy içinde, ed. Edward N. Zalta (Güz 2015 Baskısı), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2015/entries/scientific-realism/.
- 16. Mary Midgley, Evolution as Religion (Londra/New York: Routledge, 2002).
- 17. Thomas B. Fowler ve Daniel Kuebler, The Evolution Controversy. A Survey of Competing Theories (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2007).
- 18. Deborah B. Haarsma ve Loren D. Haarsma, Origins. Christian Perspectives on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design (Grand Rapids: Faith Alive, 2011).
- 19. Davis A. Young ve Ralph F. Stearley, The Bible, Rocks and Time. Geological Evidence for the Age of the Earth (Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press, 2008).
- 20. J. M. I. Klaver, Geology and Religious Sentiment. The Effect of Geological Discoveries on English Society and Literature between 1829 and 1859 (Leiden: Brill, 1997), xii–xiii.
- 21. Charles C. Gillespie, Genesis and Geology. A Study of the Relations of Scientific Thought, Natural Theology, and Social Opinion in Great Britain, 1790–1850 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996 [1951]).
- 22. Edmund Gosse, Father and Son (London: W. Heinemann, 1907).
- 23. A. Thwaite, Glimpses of the Wonderful. The Life of Philip Henry Gosse 1810–1888 (London: Faber & Faber, 2003).
- 24. Philip H. Gosse, Omphalos. An Attempt to Untie the Geological Knot (London: John Van Voorst, 1857).
- 25. Stephen J. Gould, Adam’s Navel (London: Penguin Books, 1995).
- 26. John C. Whitcomb ve Henry M. Morris, The Genesis Flood. The Biblical Record and its Scientific Implications (Philadelphia: P&R Publishing, 1961).
- 27. David R. Montgomery, The Rocks Don’t Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah’s Flood (New York: Norton, 2012).
- 28. John H. Walton, The Lost World of Genesis 1: Ancient Cosmology and the Origins Debate (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2009).
- 29. Paul Nelson ve John Mark Reynolds, “Young Earth Creationism,” Three Views on Creation and Evolution içinde, ed. J. P. Moreland ve John Mark Reynolds (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1999).
- 30. Kurt Wise, Faith, Form and Time (Nashville: B&H, 2002).
- 31. Kenneth D. Keathley ve Mark F. Rooker, 40 Questions about Creation and Evolution (Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2014).
- 32. Ernst Mayr, One Long Argument. Charles Darwin and the Genesis of Modern Evolutionary Thought (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991);
- ----------------- What Evolution Is (New York: Basic Books, 2001).
- 33. Denis Alexander, Creation or Evolution? Do We Have to Choose?, 2. Baskı (Oxford: Monarch Books, 2014).
- 34. G. J. Morgan, “Emile Zuckerkandl, Linus Pauling, and the Molecular Evolutionary Clock, 1959–1965,” Journal of the History of Biology 31 (1998): 155–178.
- 35. D.R. Prothero, Evolution. What the Fossils Say and Why It Matters (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).
- 36. Ian Tattersall, Paleontology. A Brief History (West Conshohocken: Templeton Press, 2010).
- 37. Graeme Finlay, Human Evolution: Genes, Genealogies and Phylogenies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013).
- 38. Jeffrey P. Thomkins, “Pseudogenes Are Functional, not Genomic Fossils,” https://www.icr.org/article/7532 (son erişim 21 Ekim, 2016).
- 39. L.M. Cook, “Selective Bird Predation on the Peppered Moth: The Last Experiment of Michael Majerus,” Biology Letters 8 (February 2012), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.1136.
- 40. Theodosius Dobzhansky, “Nothing Makes Sense in Biology except in the Light of Evolution,” The American Biology Teacher 35 (1973): 125–129.
- 41. Conor Cunningham, Darwin’s Pious Idea. Why the Ultra-Darwinists and Creationists Both Get It Wrong (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010), xviii.
- 42. Niles Eldredge ve Stephen J. Gould, “Punctuated Equilibria: An Alternative to Physical Gradualism,” Models of Paleobiology içinde, ed. T. J. M. Schopf (San Francisco: Freeman, Cooper & Co, 1972), 82–115.
- 43. Jerry Fodor ve Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, What Darwin Got Wrong (New York: Picador, 2010).
- 44. Peter van Inwagen, “A Kind of Darwinism,” Science and Religion in Dialogue içinde, Vol. 2, ed. Melville Y. Stewart (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010), 813–824.
- 45. Herman Philipse, “The Real Conflict Between Science and Religion: Alvin Plantinga’s Ignoratio Elenchi,” European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 5 (2013): 239–255.
- 46. Charles Hodge, What is Darwinism? (New York: Scribner, Armstrong and Co., 1874).
- 47. Elliot Sober, “Evolution without Naturalism,” Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Religion içinde, Vol. 3, ed. Jonathan Kvanvig (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), 187–221.
- 48. René van Woudenberg, “Chance, Design, Defeat,” European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 5 (2013): 31–41.
- 49. René van Woudenberg ve Joëlle Rothuizen-van der Steen, “Both Random and Guided,” Ratio 28 (2015): 332– 348.
- 50. Alvin Plantinga, Where the Conflict Really Lies, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011);
- -------------- “When Faith and Reason Clash: Evolution and the Bible,” Christian Scholar’s Review 21 (1991): 8–32.
Evrim Teorisinin Epistemik Statüsü
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 537 - 563, 31.12.2018
Gülay Parlak
,
Gijberk Van Den Brink
Jeroen De Ridder
René Van Woudenberg
Öz
Evrim teorisi teist inanca sahip belirli gruplar arasında bir anlaşmazlık konusu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu makale, evrim teorisinin çeşitli kısımlarının epistemik anlamda ehliyetinin gerçekçi ve ölçülü bir değerlendirmesini sağlayabilecek epistemik tahlili için bir çerçeve çizerek bu konudaki tartışmaya bir nebze ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç ise, evrim teorisinin çeşitli parçaları arasında epistemik itibar noktasında belirgin farklılıklar olduğunu göz önüne seren daha incelikli bir değerlendirmedir. Evrim teorisiyle alakalı herhangi ciddi bir tartışma bu gerçekleri yansıtmalıdır.
Kaynakça
- 1. Francisco J. Ayala, “The Theory of Evolution: Recent Successes and Challenges,” Evolution and Creation içinde, ed. Ernan McMullin (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985).
- ------------------ Darwin’s Gift to Science and Religion (Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press, 2007).
- 2. Stephen J. Gould, “Evolution as Fact and Theory,” Hen’s Teeth and Horse’s Toes içinde (New York: Norton, 1980).
- 3. Michael Denton, Evolution: Still a Theory in Crisis (Seattle: Discovery Institute Press, 2016);
- ---------------- Where the Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, and Naturalism (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011).
- 4. Jeroen de Ridder, “Science and Scientism in Popular Science Writing.” Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective 3, no. 12 (2014): 23-39.
- 5. Rasmus Grønfeldt Winther, “The Structure of Scientific Theories,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy içinde, ed. Edward N. Zalta (Güz 2015 Baskısı), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2015/entries/structure-scientific-theories/.
- 6. Karl Popper, Conjectures and Refutations (Londra: Routledge, 1963).
- 7. Theo Kuipers, (ed.) What is Closer to-the-Truth? (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1987).
- 8. Catherine Baker, The Evolution Dialogues. Science, Christianity, and the Quest for Understanding, ed. James B. Miller, (Washington DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2006).
- 9. Vernon W. Bauer, Can a Christian Be an Evolutionist? (North Charleston:Create-Space, 2011).
- 10. Roderick Chisholm, Theory of Knowledge, 2. Baskı (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1977);
- ----------------- Person and Object (LaSalle: Open Court, 1976).
- 11. Larry Lauden, “A Confutation of Convergent Realism,” Philosophy of Science 48 (1981): 19–49;
- --------------------“Demystifying Underdetermination,” Scientific Theories içinde, ed. C. Wade Savage (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1990), 267– 297.
- 12. Samuel Arbesman, The Half-Life of Facts. Why Everything We Know Has an Expiration Date (New York: Current, 2012).
- 13. W. H. Newton-Smith, “The Underdetermination of Theory by Data,” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Tamamlayıcı Cilt 52 (1978): 71–91.
- 14. P. Kyle Stanford, Exceeding Our Grasp (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).
- 15. Anjan Chakravartty, “Scientific Realism,” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy içinde, ed. Edward N. Zalta (Güz 2015 Baskısı), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2015/entries/scientific-realism/.
- 16. Mary Midgley, Evolution as Religion (Londra/New York: Routledge, 2002).
- 17. Thomas B. Fowler ve Daniel Kuebler, The Evolution Controversy. A Survey of Competing Theories (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2007).
- 18. Deborah B. Haarsma ve Loren D. Haarsma, Origins. Christian Perspectives on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design (Grand Rapids: Faith Alive, 2011).
- 19. Davis A. Young ve Ralph F. Stearley, The Bible, Rocks and Time. Geological Evidence for the Age of the Earth (Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press, 2008).
- 20. J. M. I. Klaver, Geology and Religious Sentiment. The Effect of Geological Discoveries on English Society and Literature between 1829 and 1859 (Leiden: Brill, 1997), xii–xiii.
- 21. Charles C. Gillespie, Genesis and Geology. A Study of the Relations of Scientific Thought, Natural Theology, and Social Opinion in Great Britain, 1790–1850 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996 [1951]).
- 22. Edmund Gosse, Father and Son (London: W. Heinemann, 1907).
- 23. A. Thwaite, Glimpses of the Wonderful. The Life of Philip Henry Gosse 1810–1888 (London: Faber & Faber, 2003).
- 24. Philip H. Gosse, Omphalos. An Attempt to Untie the Geological Knot (London: John Van Voorst, 1857).
- 25. Stephen J. Gould, Adam’s Navel (London: Penguin Books, 1995).
- 26. John C. Whitcomb ve Henry M. Morris, The Genesis Flood. The Biblical Record and its Scientific Implications (Philadelphia: P&R Publishing, 1961).
- 27. David R. Montgomery, The Rocks Don’t Lie: A Geologist Investigates Noah’s Flood (New York: Norton, 2012).
- 28. John H. Walton, The Lost World of Genesis 1: Ancient Cosmology and the Origins Debate (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2009).
- 29. Paul Nelson ve John Mark Reynolds, “Young Earth Creationism,” Three Views on Creation and Evolution içinde, ed. J. P. Moreland ve John Mark Reynolds (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1999).
- 30. Kurt Wise, Faith, Form and Time (Nashville: B&H, 2002).
- 31. Kenneth D. Keathley ve Mark F. Rooker, 40 Questions about Creation and Evolution (Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2014).
- 32. Ernst Mayr, One Long Argument. Charles Darwin and the Genesis of Modern Evolutionary Thought (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991);
- ----------------- What Evolution Is (New York: Basic Books, 2001).
- 33. Denis Alexander, Creation or Evolution? Do We Have to Choose?, 2. Baskı (Oxford: Monarch Books, 2014).
- 34. G. J. Morgan, “Emile Zuckerkandl, Linus Pauling, and the Molecular Evolutionary Clock, 1959–1965,” Journal of the History of Biology 31 (1998): 155–178.
- 35. D.R. Prothero, Evolution. What the Fossils Say and Why It Matters (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).
- 36. Ian Tattersall, Paleontology. A Brief History (West Conshohocken: Templeton Press, 2010).
- 37. Graeme Finlay, Human Evolution: Genes, Genealogies and Phylogenies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013).
- 38. Jeffrey P. Thomkins, “Pseudogenes Are Functional, not Genomic Fossils,” https://www.icr.org/article/7532 (son erişim 21 Ekim, 2016).
- 39. L.M. Cook, “Selective Bird Predation on the Peppered Moth: The Last Experiment of Michael Majerus,” Biology Letters 8 (February 2012), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.1136.
- 40. Theodosius Dobzhansky, “Nothing Makes Sense in Biology except in the Light of Evolution,” The American Biology Teacher 35 (1973): 125–129.
- 41. Conor Cunningham, Darwin’s Pious Idea. Why the Ultra-Darwinists and Creationists Both Get It Wrong (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010), xviii.
- 42. Niles Eldredge ve Stephen J. Gould, “Punctuated Equilibria: An Alternative to Physical Gradualism,” Models of Paleobiology içinde, ed. T. J. M. Schopf (San Francisco: Freeman, Cooper & Co, 1972), 82–115.
- 43. Jerry Fodor ve Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, What Darwin Got Wrong (New York: Picador, 2010).
- 44. Peter van Inwagen, “A Kind of Darwinism,” Science and Religion in Dialogue içinde, Vol. 2, ed. Melville Y. Stewart (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010), 813–824.
- 45. Herman Philipse, “The Real Conflict Between Science and Religion: Alvin Plantinga’s Ignoratio Elenchi,” European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 5 (2013): 239–255.
- 46. Charles Hodge, What is Darwinism? (New York: Scribner, Armstrong and Co., 1874).
- 47. Elliot Sober, “Evolution without Naturalism,” Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Religion içinde, Vol. 3, ed. Jonathan Kvanvig (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), 187–221.
- 48. René van Woudenberg, “Chance, Design, Defeat,” European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 5 (2013): 31–41.
- 49. René van Woudenberg ve Joëlle Rothuizen-van der Steen, “Both Random and Guided,” Ratio 28 (2015): 332– 348.
- 50. Alvin Plantinga, Where the Conflict Really Lies, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011);
- -------------- “When Faith and Reason Clash: Evolution and the Bible,” Christian Scholar’s Review 21 (1991): 8–32.