Araştırma Makalesi

Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes

Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1 24 Haziran 2026
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Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes

Öz

In this study, gold nanoelectrodes were fabricated using a laser-based micropipette puller method and employed for investigating the nanoelectrochemical behavior of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Gold wires embedded in borosilicate capillaries were subjected to thinning, sealing, and pulling processes, followed by polishing and thermal annealing to obtain reproducible nanoelectrode surfaces. The produced nanoelectrodes were characterized electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using ferrocene as a redox mediator in acetonitrile containing 0.05 M tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBATFB). The average radius of the fabricated nanoelectrodes was calculated as 118.54±51.53 nm at a 95% confidence interval. The electrochemical oxidation behavior of NADH was examined in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7) containing KCl as supporting electrolyte using cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Optimization studies were performed by varying frequency and amplitude parameters to obtain the best analytical response. The concentration–current relationship was investigated in the range of 1–4 mM NADH, and a linear relationship was obtained with a correlation coefficient of R²=0.9954. The nanoelectrodes exhibited stable and symmetrical voltammetric responses, while increased supporting electrolyte concentration improved steady-state electrochemical behavior. The findings demonstrate that laser-fabricated gold nanoelectrodes provide a promising platform for rapid and sensitive electrochemical investigation of NADH. Due to their nanoscale dimensions and favorable mass-transfer characteristics, the produced nanoelectrodes may have potential applications in biomolecule sensing and intracellular electrochemical measurements.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

Hitit University

Proje Numarası

FEF19004.15.003.

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval is not required.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank Hitit University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office for their support to this study within the scope of project number FEF19004.15.003.

Kaynakça

  1. Covarrubias, A.J., Perrone, R., Grozio, A., Verdin, E. (2021). NAD+ Metabolism and its Roles in Cellular Processes During Ageing. Nature Reviews|Molecular Cell Biology. 22:121-141.
  2. Immanuel,S., Sivasubramanian, R. (2020). Electrochemical Studies of NADH Oxidation on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 249:123015.
  3. Murray, R.W. (2008). Nanoelectrochemistry: Metal Nanoparticles, Nanoelectrodes, and Nanopores. Chemical Reviews. 108:2688-2720.
  4. Arrigan, D.W.M. (2004). Nanoelectrodes, Nanoelectrode Arrays and Their Applications. Analyst. 129:1157-1165.
  5. Hatamie, A., He, X., Zhang, X.W., Oomen, P.E., Ewing, A.G. (2023). Advances in Nano/microscale Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Analysis of Single Vesicles, a Key Nanoscale Organelle in Cellular Communication. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 220:114899.
  6. Munk, S.H.M., Maya, J.M., Rubio, A.A., Pappas, G., Mendoza, A. (2023). NAD+ Regulates Nucleotide Metabolism and Genomic DNA Replication. Nature Cell Biology. 25:1774-1786.
  7. Hyk, W., Stojek, Z. (2024). Are micro‑ and nanoelectrodes just smaller versions of regular electrodes? Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry. 28:1331-1339.
  8. Arrigan, D.W.M. (2008). Nanoelectrodes, Nanoelectrode Arrays and Their Applications. Analyst. 129:1157-1165.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Elektroanalitik Kimya

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

24 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

19 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kır, T., Gökmeşe, E., & Gokmeşe, F. (2026). Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, 12(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372
AMA
1.Kır T, Gökmeşe E, Gokmeşe F. Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences. 2026;12(1):12-20. doi:10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372
Chicago
Kır, Tuğba, Ebru Gökmeşe, ve Faruk Gokmeşe. 2026. “Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes”. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences 12 (1): 12-20. https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372.
EndNote
Kır T, Gökmeşe E, Gokmeşe F (01 Haziran 2026) Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences 12 1 12–20.
IEEE
[1]T. Kır, E. Gökmeşe, ve F. Gokmeşe, “Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes”, Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, c. 12, sy 1, ss. 12–20, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372.
ISNAD
Kır, Tuğba - Gökmeşe, Ebru - Gokmeşe, Faruk. “Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes”. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences 12/1 (01 Haziran 2026): 12-20. https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372.
JAMA
1.Kır T, Gökmeşe E, Gokmeşe F. Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences. 2026;12:12–20.
MLA
Kır, Tuğba, vd. “Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes”. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences, c. 12, sy 1, Haziran 2026, ss. 12-20, doi:10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372.
Vancouver
1.Tuğba Kır, Ebru Gökmeşe, Faruk Gokmeşe. Evaluation of the Electrochemical Behavior of NADH in the Produced Gold Nanoelectrodes. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences. 01 Haziran 2026;12(1):12-20. doi:10.55385/kastamonujes.1833372