Analitik Felsefe - Kıta Felsefesi Ayrışmasının Tarihsel Dayanakları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 949 - 975, 30.09.2025

Çağlar Karaca

Öz

Analitik felsefe ile kıta felsefesi arasındaki ayrışma, 20. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış ve felsefe tarihine
damgasını vurmuştur. Ayrışmanın Amerikan üniversitelerinde “resmiyet” kazanması ve ardından
küresel ölçekte yaygınlaşması ile birlikte, çeşitli felsefe akımları arasındaki fay hatları da
derinleşmiştir. Bu makalede, söz konusu ayrışmanın ne ölçüde felsefî savlara dayandığı
sorgulanmakta; ayrışmanın yer yer düşünce tarihindeki girift ilişkilenmeleri perdelediği ve bu
durumun anakronik yorumlarla paralel bir gelişim sergilediği öne sürülmektedir. Bu savı
desteklemek üzere, ayrışmada belirleyici olan fikrî akımlar ve ideolojik kamplaşmalar ile tüm
bunlara bağlı olarak akademide gerçekleşen kırılmalar ele alınacaktır. Makalenin ilk bölümünde
felsefî akımların çeşitliliği ve aralarındaki bağlantıların karmaşık niteliği vurgulanarak, ayrışmanın
meşruiyeti sorgulanacaktır. Kuşkusuz, tarihten günümüze oldukça farklı hatlarda ilerleyen ve hatta
birbirine karşı kayıtsız kaldığı görülebilen birçok felsefe ekolü mevcuttur, ancak buradaki mesele iki
farklı üst kategorinin varlığının dayanakları ile ilgilidir. İkinci bölümde ise ayrışmanın
şekillenmesinde etkili olan felsefî düşünceler ve bu düşüncelerin şekillendiği ortamı belirleyen
siyasal ve tarihsel gelişmeler üzerinde durulacaktır. Burada özellikle, Soğuk Savaş döneminin
ideolojik ortamının felsefedeki ayrışmayı derinleştiren doğrudan ve dolaylı ele alınacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metafelsefe , Analitik Felsefe , Kıta Felsefesi , Felsefe Tarihi , Metafizik , Felsefe-Bilim İlişkisi

The Historical Foundations of the Analytical - Continental Philosophy Divide

Öz

The division between analytic philosophy and continental philosophy emerged in the 20th
century and left a lasting mark on the history of philosophy. As this division gained “official” status
in American universities and subsequently spread globally, the fault lines between various
philosophical movements deepened. This article questions the extent to which this divergence is
truly based on philosophical arguments. It is proposed that, at times, the divergence has obscured
the intricate interconnections within the history of thought and that this situation has developed in
parallel with anachronistic interpretations. To support this claim, the intellectual currents and
ideological polarizations that played a decisive role in the division, as well as the academic ruptures
associated with them, will be examined. In the first part of the article, the legitimacy of the division
will be questioned by emphasizing the diversity of philosophical movements and the complex nature
of their interconnections. Undoubtedly, there are many philosophical schools that have developed
along quite different lines throughout history, some of which have even remained indifferent to one
another; however, the issue here concerns the grounds for positing two distinct overarching
categories. In the second part, the focus will be on the philosophical ideas that played a role in shaping
the division, as well as on the political and historical developments that determined the context in
which these ideas took form. Particular attention will be given to the ideological climate of the Cold
War period, both in its direct and indirect role in deepening the division within philosophy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Metaphilosophy , Analytic Philosophy , Continental Philosophy , History of Philosophy , Metaphysics , The Relationship Between Philosophy and Science

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