TARİHSEL YAKLAŞIMIN 7. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BİLİMİN DOĞASI HAKKINDAKİ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN GELİŞTİRMESİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada, tarihsel perspektif ile işlenen atomun yapısı konusunun, 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin bilimin doğası hakkındaki görüşlerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan okulun öğrencileri 5. sınıfın sonunda akademik başarıya göre iki gruba A şubesi: 29 öğrenci; B şubesi: 27 öğrenci ayrılmışlardır. Bu nedenle akademik başarının bilimin doğası hakkındaki kavramların öğrenilmesinde etkisi olup olmadığı da araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada veriler, Bilimin Doğası Hakkında Görüşler Anketinin Views of Nature of Science Questionnaire, VNOS uygulamadan önce ön-test sonrasında ise son-test olarak uygulanması ile toplanmıştır. Ayrıca uygulama öncesinde ve sonrasında 6 öğrenci ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yapılmıştır.Verilerin analizinde yapılan Khi-Kare ve t-testi sonuçları; her iki şube öğrencilerinin, incelenen bilimin doğası ile ilgili bakış açılarının olumlu yönde geliştiğini göstermiştir. Akademik başarıları düşük olan B şubesi öğrencilerinin, bilimsel bilginin üretilmesinde çok önemli yeri olan, hayal gücü ve yaratıcılık konusunda A şubesi öğrencilerine göre daha bilgili olmaları oldukça dikkat çeken bulgulardandır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, öğrencilerin bilimin doğasıyla ilgili görüşlerinin geliştirilmesinde, fen kavramlarının, tarihsel yaklaşım stratejisi ve bilimin doğası temalarıyla entegre edilerek öğretilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tarihsel perspektif,bilimin doğası,fen öğretimi

Influence of Historical Perspective Approach on 7th Grade Students’ Views about Nature of Science

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of historical perspective approaches on 7th grade students‟ views about nature of science. Structure of atomic units was presented an historical perspective with emphasis on six target aspects of nature of science. The sample for this study consisted of 56 students from middle school in Turkey. These students were divided into two groups A and B based on differentiating their academic achievements of elementary school. Group A has high academic achievement students consisted of 29 students 15 male; 14 female . Group B has low academic achievement students groups consisted of 27 students 16 male; 11 female .The Views of Nature of Science VNOS questionnaire Lederman, Abd-El-Khalick, Bell and Scharwartz, 2002 was used to determine students‟ initial views of NOS, and was administered again at the end of units as pre–post tests to determine changes in students‟ views. To help uncover the participants‟ views, semi-structured interview was undertaken with 6 students as pre and post tests before and end of the intervention. The results of the current study clearly revealed that historical perspectives approach significantly shifts have occurred in participants‟ views of NOS. It was found that low academic achievement students groups‟ are more informed views about imagination and creativity than the high academic achievement students groups‟. Since there are significantly differences between two groups academic achievement, this is surprising results. With this in mind, teachers should integrate the history and nature of science in teaching science concepts to improve students‟ views of NOS

Keywords

• Historical perspective,nature of science,elementary science education

Kaynakça

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