Tek ve Çift Yumurta İkizlerinde Kişilik ve Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemaların Farklılaşması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 646 - 677, 30.08.2021

Şule Baştemur , Ayşe Esra Aslan

Öz

İkizler özellikle genetik araştırmalarda benzerlikler ve farklılıkların incelenmesi için kullanılan gruptur. Tek yumurta ikizleri arasındaki benzerlikler genetiğe, çift yumurta ikizleri arasındaki benzerlikler ise hem genetiğe hem de çevresel etkilere vurgu yapmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı da tek ve çift yumurta ikizleri arasında, kişilik ve erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların uyum ve farklılıklarının ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu araştırmada da ölçme aracı olarak Sıfat Listesi, Young Şema Ölçeği ve 10-16 Yaş Çocuk ve Ergenler için Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemalar Ölçekler Takımı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılacak ölçekler ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan ikizlere uygulanmıştır. İlgili ölçeklerin uygulanması sonucu, ikiz öğrencilerin kişilik, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar değişkenlerinin tek ya da çift yumurta ikizi olma durumunda farklılaşmasına ilişkin elde edilen veriler, ikiz araştırmalarında sıklıkla kullanılan bir yöntem olan Sınıf içi Korelâsyon Katsayısı (SKK) ile analiz edilmiştir. Kişilik puanlarında, tek yumurta ikizlerinde anlamlı sınıf içi korelasyon elde edildiği halde çift yumurta ikizlerinde anlamlı sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı elde edilememiştir. Bu bulgu biyolojik yapının tek yumurta ikizlerindeki önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar bağlamında ise farklı şemalarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sınıf içi korelasyon elde edilmiştir. Bu bulgu ise hem biyolojik hem de çevresel yapının önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Kişilik ve erken dönem uyumsuz şemalardan elde edilen puanlar ve ikizler arasındaki uyum ve farklılaşmaların nedenleri genetik ve çevresel faktörlerle tartışılmıştır. Gelecek araştırmacılar için öneriler sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

tek yumurta ikizleri, çift yumurta ikizleri, kişilik, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar

Differentiation of Personality and Early Maladaptive Schemas in Identical and Fraternal Twins

Öz

Twins are the group that is used for the study of similarities and differences especially in genetic research. Similarities between identical twins emphasize genetics, and similarities between fraternal twins emphasize both genetics and environmental effects. The objective of this study was to reveal the concordance and differentiations of personality and early maladaptive schemas in identical and fraternal twins. Adjective Checklist, Young Schema Questionnaire and Early Maladaptive Schema Scales Set for Children and Adolescents Aged 10-16 were used as data collection tools. Scales were applied to twins reached by criteria sampling method. After application of the scales, data on the differentiation of the twin students' personality, early maladaptive schemes and social anxiety variables, in the case of monozygotic and dizygotic, was analyzed with Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (CCT) which is a commonly used method in twin studies. A statistically significant correlation was found for the personality scores of identical twins and no statistically significant correlation was obtained among the fraternal twins. This finding emphasizes the importance of biological structure in identical twins. A significant correlation was also found in different schemas. This finding emphasizes the importance of both biological and environmental structure. Measurement scores obtained from personality and early maladaptive schemas and reasons of both concordance and differences between monozygotic and dizygotic twins were discussed with genetic and environmental factors. Suggestions are provided for future researchers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

identical twins, fraternal twins, perdonality, early maladaptive schemas

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