Kahve Dükkanları Bağlamında aydınlık çevre Algısı ve Yer Duygusu

Öz

Kahve dükkanları, üçüncü mekân olarak tanımlanan yarı kamusal alanlar olarak işlev görür. Bu mekânların atmosferik özellikleri, ziyaretçilerin kendilerini rahat hissettikleri bir atmosfer oluşmasına katkı sağlayarak kullanıcı memnuniyetini doğrudan etkiler. Aydınlatma, mekânsal algı ve deneyimi biçimlendiren ve dolayısıyla yer duygusunu etkileyen temel bir atmosferik bileşendir. Ancak aydınlatmanın yer kimliği, yer bağlılığı ve yer bağımlılığından oluşan üçlü yer duygusu modelindeki rolü literatürde yeterince ele alınmamıştır. Bu çalışma, dijital olarak modellenmiş bir kahve dükkanında iç mekan aydınlık algısı ve yer duygusu arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek bu boşluğu doldurmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada, bir genel ve iki bölgesel aydınlatma düzeninin iki farklı renk sıcaklığı eşliğinde (3000 K ve 4000 K) kullanımıyla oluşturulan altı senaryo ele alınmıştır. Bu senaryolar, ön sorular, aydınlatma tasarımına yönelik değerlendirmeler ve yer duygusuna yönelik ölçümlerden oluşan üç aşamalı bir anket aracılığıyla toplam 93 katılımcı tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, (1) katılımcıların aydınlatma yeterliliği ile doğru renk algısını aydınlatma kalitesinin en öncelikli bileşenleri olarak değerlendirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır; (2) yer duygusu analizleri, 3000 K renk sıcaklığının yer duygusunu 4000 K’ye kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve tutarlı biçimde artırdığını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, 3000 K koşullarında aydınlatma düzenleri arasında anlamlı bir fark görülmezken, 4000 K’de bölgesel aydınlatma düzenlerinin genel aydınlatma kullanımına göre daha yüksek etki yarattığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, yer duygusunun üç temel göstergesi olan yer kimliği, yer bağlılığı ve yer bağımlılığı yoluyla ölçülmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, aydınlatma tasarımında aydınlık algısını yer duygusuyla ilişkilendiren uygulama öncesi bir değerlendirme yöntemi önererek tasarım sürecine yeni bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aydınlatma tasarımı
• Yer duygusu
• Yer kimliği
• Yer bağlılığı
• Yer bağımlılığı
• Kahve dükkanı

Luminous Environment Perception and Sense of Place within a Coffee Shop Context

Öz

Coffee shops function as quasi-public third places, where atmospheric attributes foster hospitable environments and enhance user satisfaction. Lighting, in particular, shapes perception, experience, and, ultimately, the sense of place (SOP). However, its role within the tripartite SOP model, comprising place identity, place attachment, and place dependence, remains insufficiently examined. This study addresses this gap by investigating the relationship between luminous environment perception and SOP in a digitally modeled coffee shop. The study employed six scenarios combining three lighting layouts (general lighting, zonal pendants, and zonal track spotlights) with two correlated color temperatures (CCTs: 3000 K and 4000 K). 93 participants evaluated rendered scenarios through a three-part survey, including preliminary questions, lighting assessments, and SOP measures. The results demonstrate (1) participants prioritized adequate illuminance and accurate color perception, followed by glare control and uniformity, with seating areas identified as the most critical zone for lighting quality; (2) SOP analysis showed that warm CCT consistently enhanced SOP relative to intermediate CCT, with no layout differences under warm CCT, while zonal schemes outperformed general lighting under intermediate CCT. The study highlights the importance of measuring SOP through the three indicators and introduces a pre-implementation method linking luminous perception to SOP for hospitality lighting design.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lighting design
• Sense of place
• Place identity
• Place attachment
• Place dependence
• Coffee shop

Kaynakça

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