Determination of Pedestrian-Friendly Environments in Ordu City Center Using the Pedestrian Environment Index (PEI)

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 468 - 481, 15.06.2021

Mesut Güzel , Murat Yeşil

https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.937170

Öz

Most of the cities are designed in such a way that long distances require the use of motor vehicles between the places where people live and the areas where they work, shop or spend their free time. However, the global epidemic, which has recently affected the whole world, has led to the questioning of transportation preferences and urban space fiction. The restriction of transportation and public mobility within the scope of the fight against the global epidemic has once again emphasized the importance of pedestrian-friendly cities. A pedestrian-friendly city; it is a living environment where its residents can meet their basic needs such as shopping, education, health and recreation in a short distance by walking or cycling. In various cities of the world; there is an increasing amount of research being done on the level of walkability and identifying pedestrian-friendly zones. In this context, the aim of the study is; this study determines the areas with high pedestrian-friendly potential on the scale of the neighborhoods that make up the city center of Ordu, which is in a rapid urbanization process. The basic method adopted for this purpose is to calculate the Pedestrian Environment Index (PEI) values, developed as a quantitative and spatial scale, and to reveal them spatially. PEI; it consists of five sub-indices: land use diversity index (LDI), intersection density index (IDI), commercial density index (CDI), population density index (PDI) and park density index (PaDI). Neighborhoods within the scope of the study; the Pedestrian Environment Index values obtained because of the analysis were compared in terms of having a pedestrian-friendly environment. As a result; Yeni, Düz, and Şarkiye neighborhoods, which offer many alternatives in terms of trade and shopping areas and have a high variety of use, are more pedestrian friendly than neighborhoods with low YCI values. The neighborhoods with the lowest pedestrian-friendliness are Kirazlimanı, Aziziye, and Güzelyalı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pedestrian Zones, Walkability, Active Transportation, Pedestrian Environment Index, Ordu

Proje Numarası

TÜBİTAK 2237-A

Ordu Kent Merkezindeki Yaya Dostu Bölgelerin Yaya Çevre İndisi Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi

Öz

Kentlerin birçoğu, insanların yaşadıkları yerler ile çalıştıkları, alışveriş yaptıkları ya da boş zamanlarını geçirdikleri alanlar arasında motorlu taşıt kullanımı gerektiren uzun mesafeler olacak şekilde kurgulanmıştır. Ancak son zamanlarda tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan küresel salgın, ulaşım tercihlerinin ve kentsel mekân kurgularının sorgulanmasına neden olmuştur. Küresel salgınla mücadele kapsamında ulaşımın ve kamusal hareketliliğin kısıtlanması, yaya dostu kentlerin önemini bir kez daha vurgulamıştır. Yaya dostu bir kent; sakinlerinin yürüyerek ya da bisiklete binerek, çok kısa mesafelerde, alışveriş, eğitim, sağlık ve rekreasyon gibi temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabildiği bir yaşam ortamıdır. Dünyanın çeşitli kentlerinde; yürümeye elverişlilik düzeyi ve yaya dostu bölgelerin belirlenmesi üzerine giderek artan sayıda araştırma yapılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı; hızlı bir kentleşme sürecinde olan Ordu’nun kent merkezini oluşturan mahalleler ölçeğinde yaya dostu olma potansiyeli yüksek bölgelerin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda benimsenen temel metot, kantitatif ve mekânsal bir ölçek olarak geliştirilen Yaya Çevre İndisi (YCI) değerlerinin hesaplanarak mekânsal olarak ortaya konmasıdır. YCI; alan kullanım çeşitliliği indisi (AKCI), kavşak yoğunluğu indisi (KYI), ticari yoğunluk indisi (TYI), nüfus yoğunluğu indisi (NYI) ve park yoğunluğu indisi (PYI) olmak üzere beş alt indisten oluşmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamındaki mahalleler; analiz sonucunda elde edilen Yaya Çevre İndisi değerleri kullanılarak yaya dostu bir çevreye sahip olma yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; ticaret ve alışveriş alanları yönünden çok sayıda alternatif sunan, alan kullanım çeşitliliğinin yüksek olduğu Yeni, Düz ve Şarkiye mahalleleri YCI değerleri düşük olan mahallelere göre daha yaya dostu çıkmıştır. Yaya dostu olma bakımından en yetersiz mahalleler ise Kirazlimanı, Aziziye ve Güzelyalı mahalleleridir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yaya Bölgeleri, Yürünebilirlik, Aktif Ulaşım, Yaya Çevre İndisi, Ordu

Proje Numarası

TÜBİTAK 2237-A

Teşekkür

Çalışmada kullanılan istatistiksel yöntemlerin belirlenmesinde ve analizlerin gerçekleştirildiği programlama dillerinin kullanımında TÜBİTAK 2237-A Bilimsel Eğitim Etkinliklerini Destekleme Programı kapsamında desteklenen “Doğa Bilimlerinde İstatistiksel Modelleme Teknikleri (Etkinlik No: 1129B372000706)” adlı eğitimde edinilen bilgilerden yararlanılmıştır.

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