Mechanical and Thermal Characterization of Basalt and Hemp Fiber Reinforced Polylactide (PLA) Based Hybrid Bio-Composites

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 1184 - 1195, 15.09.2025

Kaan Odabaş , Çağrıalp Arslan

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1638924

Öz

Developing sustainable and eco-composites using matrix polymers and natural reinforcements from renewable resources or agro wastes has gained significant attention recently. In this context, biodegradable polylactide (PLA) polymer, basalt fiber (BF) - recognized as one of the green materials of this century - and hemp fiber (HF), which is increasingly valued globally and nationally, are promising candidates for inclusion in such composites. This study aims to create PLA-based hybrid biocomposites reinforced with BF and HF, investigating their mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. The hybrid bio-composites with varying BF and HF contents (5-20%) were fabricated via melt mixing and subsequently shaped through injection molding by relevant test standards. The mechanical properties of the composites were assessed through tensile and hardness tests, thermal properties through the TGA, and morphological features through the SEM analysis. While adding 10% BF and HF in PLA showed the hybrid effect, a considerable improvement in mechanical properties was recorded, especially with a 15% increase in tensile strength. This research will optimize fiber ratios and processing parameters to enhance PLA bio composites' mechanical and thermal performance, thereby expanding the potential functional applications of PLA biopolymers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hybrid Bio-composite , Polylactide , Basalt Fiber , Hemp Fiber , Mechanical Characterization , Thermal Characterization

Etik Beyan

The authors declare that this study complies with Research and Publication Ethics.

Destekleyen Kurum

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK)

Proje Numarası

1919B012304512

Teşekkür

This study was supported by TUBITAK 2209-A University Students Research Projects Support Program under application no. 1919B012304512.

Bazalt ve Kenevir Elyaf Takviyeli Polilaktid (PLA) Esaslı Hibrit Biyo-Kompozitlerin Mekanik ve Termal Karakterizasyonu

Öz

Yenilenebilir kaynaklardan veya tarımsal atıklardan elde edilen matris polimerler ve doğal takviyeler kullanılarak sürdürülebilir ve eko-kompozitlerin geliştirilmesi son yıllarda büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu bağlamda, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen polilaktid (PLA) polimeri, bu yüzyılın yeşil malzemelerinden biri olarak kabul edilen bazalt lifi (BF) ve küresel ve ulusal olarak giderek daha fazla değerlenen kenevir lifi (HF), bu tür kompozitlere dâhil edilmek için umut verici adaylardır. Bu çalışma, BF ve HF ile güçlendirilmiş PLA bazlı hibrit biyokompozitler oluşturmayı ve bunların mekanik, termal ve morfolojik özelliklerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Değişken BF ve HF içeriklerine (%5-20) sahip hibrit biyokompozitler eriyik karıştırma yoluyla üretilmiş ve ardından ilgili test standartlarına göre enjeksiyon kalıplama yoluyla şekillendirilmiştir. Kompozitlerin mekanik özellikleri çekme ve sertlik testleriyle, termal özellikleri TGA ile ve morfolojik özellikleri SEM analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. PLA'ya ağırlıkça %10 BF ve HF eklenmesi hibrit etki gösterirken, özellikle çekme mukavemetinde %15'lik bir artışla mekanik özelliklerde önemli bir iyileşme kaydedilmiştir. Bu araştırma, PLA biyokompozitlerinin mekanik ve termal performansını artırmak için lif oranlarını ve işleme parametrelerini optimize edecek ve böylece PLA biyopolimerlerinin potansiyel fonksiyonel uygulamalarını genişletecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hibrit biyo-kompozit , Polilaktid , Bazalt elyaf , Kenevir elyaf , Mekanik karakterizasyon , Termal karakterizasyon

Etik Beyan

Yazarlar, bu çalışmanın Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine uygun olduğunu beyan eder.

Destekleyen Kurum

Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK)

Proje Numarası

1919B012304512

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı tarafından 1919B012304512 başvuru numarası ile desteklenmiştir.

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