SAVUNMA HARCAMALARI VE AR-GE ARAŞTIRMACI SAYISININ PATENT BAŞVURULARINA ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye ekonomisinde savunma harcamaları ve Ar-Ge araştırmacı sayısının teknolojik yeniliklerin temel göstergesi olan patent başvuruları üzerindeki etkisini ampirik olarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Analiz kapsamında 1995–2023 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılarak değişkenler arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişkiler Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikme Modeli (ARDL) yaklaşımı ile test edilmiştir. Sınır testi (Bounds Test) sonuçları, patent başvuruları, savunma harcamaları ve araştırmacı sayısı arasında uzun dönemli bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığını doğrulamaktadır. Ampirik bulgular, savunma harcamalarının patent üretimi üzerinde kısa ve uzun dönemde pozitif yönlü bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koyarken; Ar-Ge araştırmacı sayısının etkisinin sınırlı kaldığını göstermektedir. Hata düzeltme mekanizmasının çalışması, sistemin kısa dönemli sapmaların ardından yeniden dengeye döndüğünü kanıtlamaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Türkiye’de teknoloji üretim kapasitesinin artırılması için savunma sanayii odaklı teknolojik dışsallıkların önemini ve araştırmacı kapasitesinin niteliksel olarak geliştirilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Savunma Harcamaları
• Ar-Ge Araştırmacı Sayısı
• Patent Başvuruları
• Teknolojik Dışsallık
• ARDL Sınır Testi.

The Impact of Defense Expenditure and the Number of R&D Researchers on Patent Applications

Öz

This study aims to empirically investigate the impact of military expenditures and the number of R&D researchers on patent applications, which serve as a primary indicator of technological innovation in the Turkish economy. Within the scope of the analysis, annual data for the 1995–2023 period were utilized to test the short- and long-term relationships between the variables using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. Bounds test results confirm the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship among patent applications, military expenditures, and the number of researchers. Empirical findings reveal that military expenditures have a positive effect on patent production in both the short and long run, whereas the impact of the number of R&D researchers remains limited. The functioning of the error correction mechanism proves that the system returns to equilibrium following short-term deviations. The results emphasize the significance of technological spillovers oriented toward the defense industry for increasing technology production capacity in Türkiye and highlight the necessity of qualitatively enhancing researcher capacity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Military Expenditures
• Number of R&D Researchers
• Patent Applications
• Technological Spillover
• ARDL Bounds Test

Kaynakça

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