Filmin Epistemolojik Potansiyeli Üzerine: Aygıt Kuramına Yönelik Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 6, 124 - 141, 21.06.2021

Ufuk Gürbüzdal

Öz

Bu çalışma, yedinci sanat, sinemada gerçekçilik ve ideoloji arasındaki karşılıklı bağlantıları irdeleyen teorik bir tartışma yoluyla materyalist sosyal araştırmanın sinematik yollarını sorgulamaktadır. Sinema pratiğinde ideoloji tartışmasını kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alan erken sistematik yaklaşımlardan biri aygıt kuramıdır. Genel olarak, aygıt kuramı araştırmacıları, sinemanın yapısını hâkim ideolojilerin toplumsal yeniden üretimi bağlamında tartışırlar. Eleştirel ve materyalist bir sinema yaklaşımı yaratma olasılığı konusunda çoğunlukla karamsar olsalar da hâkim olan ideolojilerin yeniden üretim sürecini sabote etmek için yaratıcı sinematik stratejiler sunarlar. Bu makale, aygıt kuramının en önemli tartışmalarını güncel bir bakışla yeniden gözden geçirmektedir. Bu yol ile neo-liberal kapitalist toplumsal yapıda eleştirel/materyalist bir sosyal araştırma geliştirmek için bilişsel araçlar olarak işlev görebilecek alternatif bir sinema pratiğininin olanakları tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aygıt kuramı, Epistemolojik, Gerçekçilik, İdeoloji, Materyalist, Sinema

On the Epistemological Potential of Film: An Inquiry into Apparatus Theory

Öz

This study questions the cinematic pathways for materialist social inquiry through a theoretical discussion that scrutinizes interconnections among the seventh art, cinematic realism, and ideology. One of the early systematic approaches which comprehensively deals with the discussion of ideology in cinematic practice is the apparatus theory. Broadly speaking, scholars of apparatus theory discuss the structure of cinema in the context of the social reproduction of prevailing ideologies. Although they are mostly pessimistic about the possibility of creating a critical, materialist cinematic approach, they nevertheless offer brilliant cinematic strategies to sabotage prevailing ideological reproduction. This article revisits the most crucial discussions of the apparatus theory with a contemporary look. By doing so, the possibilities of an alternative cinematic practice that may function as a cognitive tool to develop a critical/materialist social inquiry within the neo-liberal capitalist social structure are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Apparatus theory, Cinema, Epistemological, Ideology, Materialist, Realism

Kaynakça

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