Türkiye'de Belediye Atıklarının Atık Yönetimi Stratejilerinin "Sıfır Atık Yaklaşımı" Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Dünyamızda doğal kaynakların hızlı tüketiminin önüne geçebilmek için atıkların geri kazanım ve geri dönüşüm yoluyla ekonomiye yeniden kazandırılması, şehirlerin döngüsel ekonomisi ve sürdürülebilir atık yönetimi stratejilerinin belirlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Tüm bunlar göz önünde bulundurularak MWMS'de sıfır atık (ZW) yaklaşımı ile iyileştirmeler yapılmalı ve şehirler optimum bir WMS ile yönetilmelidir. ZW felsefesinin temeli; ürünlerin yaşam döngüleri boyunca sonsuz kullanıma sahip başka bir malzemenin ürünü olması. Bu sistem ile nihai bertarafa giden atık miktarı ve depolama tesislerine olan ihtiyaç azaltılacak, enerji ve su tasarrufu sağlanacaktır. Nüfus artışının ve kentleşmenin hızlı olduğu şehirlerde, atık karakterizasyon verileri ve sıfır atık endeksi, yerel yönetimlere en uygun belediye atık yönetim sistemine karar vermeleri için rehberlik etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'deki illerin atık karakterizasyon verileri ve 7 bölgenin atık karakterizasyonu hesaplanmış ve sunulmuştur. İllerin sıfır indeksi ve RWRP oranları hesaplanmıştır. Kilis, 0,75 ile en yüksek ZWI'ye sahipken, onu Edirne (0,72), Burdur (0,70), Muğla (0,65) takip etmektedir. En düşük ZWI 0,28 ile Kastamonu'da bulunurken, onu Şanlıurfa (0,31), Afyonkarahisar (0,38) takip etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geri dönüşüm
• Sürdürülebilirlik Atık Yönetimi
• Türkiye
• Sıfır Atık Endeksi

Assessment of the Waste Management Strategies of Municipal Wastes in Türkiye with respect to “Zero Waste Approach”

Öz

To mitigate the swift depletion of natural resources, recycling-based recovery constitutes a key element that enables the reintegration of waste into economic processes, establishing a circular economy and sustainable waste management strategies of cities. Considering these aspects, it is crucial to enhance MWMS through the implementation of a Zero Waste (ZW), ensuring that urban environments are administered within an optimized and sustainable WMS. The core principle of the ZW philosophy is predicated on the notion that products should be integrated as feedstock in the generation of new materials. Implementation of this system will dicrease the volume of waste directed to final disposal and the demand for landfill capacity, while conserving both water and energy resources in fast-developing urban cities. ZW index and waste characterization data serve as essential tools for local authorities in determining the most suitable MWM system. In this study, the waste characterization of geographical regions, along with the characterization of all provinces in Türkiye, was calculated and presented the ZW index and RWR Potential of the provinces were computed. Kilis exhibited the highest ZW Index (0.75), followed by Edirne (0.72) and Burdur (0.70). Conversely, Kastamonu recorded the lowest ZWI value (0.28), followed by Şanlıurfa (0.31) and Afyonkarahisar (0.38).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Recycling
• Sustainability Waste Management
• Türkiye
• Zero Waste Index

Kaynakça

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