Influence of Phosphorus Content and Preheating Conditions on Grain Size of Cu-DHP Copper Tubes

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 24 - 29, 31.05.2025

Zeynep Sirel , Hakan Çatalkaya , Orçun Zığındere , Mehmet Ali Akoy

https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1475031

Öz

“Cu-DHP” copper tubes are used in sanitary, plumbing and heat exchanger applications. For drawability and forming processes, grain size is an important factor. Grain size is affected by the process conditions and chemical content. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of phosphorus content on Cu-DHP copper tube products. For this examination, four copper billets with different phosphorus content were used to produce 9.52x0.30 mm copper tubes. The copper billets which are 305 mm in diameter and 580 mm in length were preheated in furnaces and the hot direct extrusion method was used for mother tube production. Shortened preheating time resulted in finer grain size in mother tubes. Mother tubes were cold drawn to the final dimension in subsequent steps and annealed at recrystallization temperature with the same parameters. Grain sizes of annealed 9.52x0.30 mm copper tubes are in the range of 17 to 20 µm. For the final tube dimensions, high amount of cold drawing ratio diminished the effect of the prior grain size of the mother tubes. According to the result of inspections, it is concluded that in cold-drawn and annealed products, phosphorus content has a grain coarsening effect on the final product.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Billet casting , Copper tube , Cu-DHP , Deoxidized copper , Grain size , Preheating , Tube drawing

Etik Beyan

The authors of this article declare that the materials and methods used in this study do not require ethical committee permission and/or legal-special permission.

Teşekkür

This study was done in Sarkuysan A.Ş., Gebze Plant. We thank Tolga Ediz, Ömer Münci Ünal, Mete Tarhan, Sinan Selvi, Sinan Erdoğan, Furkan Aytekin and Çetin Kayıkçı for providing support on casting, extrusion and tube drawing trials.

Kaynakça

• [1] Michel, J., 2013. Introduction To Copper and Copper Alloys, Copper Development Association Inc., https://copper.org/publications/pub_list/pdf/introduction-to-copper-and-copper-alloys.pdf Access Date: December 2, 2022.
• [2] BS EN 1057:2006+A1:2010 Copper And Copper Alloys – Seamless, Round Copper Tubes For Water And Gas In Sanitary And Heating Applications.
• [3] Chapman, D., 2016. High Conductivity Copper For Electrical Engineering, Copper Development Association – Copper Alliance, 122, pp.18, 19.
• [4] Sarkuysan, 2023. www.sarkuysan.com/en-EN/continuous-billet-casting/152.aspx Access Date: April 24, 2023
• [5] Copper, 2023. www.copper.org/publications/newsletters/innovations/1998/09/howdo_tube.html Access Date: April 24, 2023
• [6] Dieter, G.E., 1988. Mechanical Metallurgy, SI Metric Edition, McGraw-Hill, pp. 616, 646.
• [7] Siegert K., 2004. Extrusion. In Müller, K. (Ed.), Fundamentals Of Extrusion Technology, Giesel Verlag, p. 16.
• [8] Laue K., Stenger H., 1981. Extrusion Processes, Machinery, Tooling, American Society For Metals, United States, p. 163.
• [9] Clarebrough L. M., Hargreaves M. E., Loretto M. H., 1958. The Influence Of Grain Size On The Stored Energy And Mechanical Properties Of Copper. Acta Metallurgica, 6, pp 725-735.
• [10] Balart M. J., Patel J. B., Gao F., Fan Z., 2015. Grain Refinement Of Dhp Copper By Elemental Additions. International Journal of Cast Metals Research, 28(4), pp. 248-256.
• [11] Cziegler A., 2015. Aspects of Grain Refinement in Copper Alloys. Master Thesis, University of Leoben.
• [12] Zhang Z., Liu H., Hua Y., Zhang B., Hou Z., Li W., Song K., 2024. Study On The Effect Of Phosphorus On Anti-Softening Performance Of, Journal Of Materials Research And Technology, 33, pp. 2612-2623.
• [13] ASTM E112-13 Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size.
• [14] Sandström R., 2014, The Role Of Phosphorus For Mechanical Properties In Copper, https://skb.se/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/1417069-The-role-of-phosphorus-for-mechanical-properties-in-copper.pdf
• [15] Hayden H. W., Moffatt W. G., Wulff J., 1965. The Structure And Properties Of Materials Volume III, John Wiley & Sons, p. 169.