Araştırma Makalesi
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A Study on Internet Usage Habits and Digital Literacy Skills of Parents in Turkey

Yıl 2023, Sayı: Özel Sayı 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılına), 1249 - 1271, 27.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.51531/korkutataturkiyat.1361402

Öz

The aim of the research is to investigate internet usage habits, digital literacy skills of parents in Turkey and to examine the mediation strategies of parents to protect their children from digital risks. For this purpose, parents; Operational, creative and mobile skills such as accessing information on the Internet, ensuring their privacy, producing positive content, and using digital tools consciously and securely were examined. The sample of this study consists of 10,475 people selected from 81 provinces of Turkey according to Turkey Statistical Regional Units Classification level-2 and who are parents of children in the 8-16 age group. The data were collected through an online questionnaire using a dataset of 23 questions prepared by the researchers, in addition to the personal and demographic information form, in accordance with the Global Kids Online framework. The data were analyzed using the descriptive statistical model. Results; revealed that the vast majority of parents use smartphones for internet access, perceiving the internet as a time-consuming and privacy-related platform. It has been determined that men’s operational and information scanning skills are higher than women’s, and their social privacy skills vary. It was observed that parents preferred active mediation activities for girls, but the level of active mediation decreased as the age of the parents increased. Mothers check their children’s internet activities more frequently than fathers. According to parents, boys face more internet risks than girls. Girls are more likely to consult their parents about the situations they encounter on the internet than boys. The vast majority of parents are unaware of the problems their children face on the internet.

Proje Numarası

P2022-004

Kaynakça

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  • Bittman, M., Rutherford, L., Brown, J. ve Unsworth, L. (2011). Digital Natives? New and Old Media and Children’s Outcomes. Australian Journal of Education, 55(2), 161–175.
  • Boyd, D. ve Hargittai, E. (2013). Connected and Concerned: Variation in Parents’ Online Safety Concerns. Policy & Internet, 5(3), 245-269.
  • Büchi, M., Just, N. ve Latzer, M. (2016). Modeling The Second-Level Digital Divide: A Five-Country Study of Social Differences in Internet Use. New Media & Society, 18(11), 2703–2722.
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Türkiye’deki Ebeveynlerin İnternet Kullanım Alışkanlıkları ve Dijital Okuryazarlık Becerileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2023, Sayı: Özel Sayı 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılına), 1249 - 1271, 27.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.51531/korkutataturkiyat.1361402

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki ebeveynlerin internet kullanım alışkanlıklarını, dijital okuryazarlık becerileri araştırmak ve ebeveynlerin çocuklarını dijital risklerden korumadaki arabuluculuk stratejilerini incelemektir. Bu amaçla ebeveynlerin; internette bilgiye erişebilme, gizliliklerini sağlayabilme, pozitif içerik üretebilme, dijital araçları bilinçli ve güvenli kullanabilme gibi operasyonel, yaratıcı ve mobil becerileri incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın örneklemi, Türkiye İstatistiki Bölge Birimleri Sınıflandırması düzey-2’ye göre Türkiye’nin 81 ilden seçilen ve 8-16 yaş grubundaki çocukların ebeveyni olan 10.475 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, Global Kids Online çerçevesine uygun olacak şekilde kişisel ve demografik bilgi formuna ek olarak araştırmacılarca hazırlanan 23 soruluk veri kümesi kullanılarak çevrimiçi anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Veriler betimsel istatistik modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular; ebeveynlerin büyük çoğunluğunun internet erişimi için akıllı telefon kullandığını, interneti zaman alıcı ve mahremiyet konusunda endişeye sebep olan bir platform olarak algıladıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Erkeklerin operasyonel ve bilgiyi tarama becerilerinin kadınlara oranla yüksek olduğu, sosyal gizlilik becerisinin ise değişkenlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ebeveynler, kızlar için aktif arabuluculuk faaliyetlerini tercih ettiği ancak ebeveynlerin yaşı ilerledikçe aktif arabuluculuk düzeylerinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Anneler, babalara oranla çocuklarının internet faaliyetlerini daha sık kontrol etmektedir. Ebeveynlere göre erkek çocuklar, kız çocuklardan daha fazla internet riskleriyle karşılaşmaktadırlar. İnternette karşılaştığı durumlarla ilgi kız çocuklar, erkek çocuklardan daha fazla ebeveynlerine başvurmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu, çocuklarının internette karşılaştığı sorunlardan habersizdir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim. Herhangi bir zamanda, çalışmayla ilgili yaptığım bu beyana aykırı bir durumun saptanması durumunda, ortaya çıkacak tüm ahlaki ve hukuki sonuçlara razı olduğumu bildiririm.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu

Proje Numarası

P2022-004

Teşekkür

Makalenin üretildiği proje raporunun ciltlenmesi ve matbaa aşamasındaki destekleri İçin Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu İnternet Daire Başkanı Dr. Abdulkerim Gün’e teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, M. (2016). Parents, Teens and Digital Monitoring: Parents Monitor Their Teen’s Digital Behavior in A Number Of Ways, But Using Technical Means Like Parental Controls is Less Common. Pew Research Center. Pew Research Center, Washington DC. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2016/01/07/parents-teens-and-digital-monitoring/, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Asongu, S. A., Orim, S. M. I., ve Nting, R. T. (2019). Inequality, Information Technology, and Inclusive Education In Sub-Saharan Africa. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 380–389.
  • Bakó, R. K. ve Tőkés, G. E. (2018). Parental Mediation and Romanian Young Children’s Digital Practices. Revista Romana de Sociologie, 29(1/2), 23-36.
  • Barnes, R. ve Potter, A. (2021). Sharenting and Parents’ Digital Literacy: An Agenda for Future Research. Communication research and practice, 7(1), 6-20.
  • Bartlett, J. E., Kotrlik, J. W. ve Higgins, C. C. (2001). Organizational Research: Determining Appropriate Sample Size in Survey Research. Information Technology, Learning and Performance Journal, 19(1), 43-50.
  • Billon, M., Crespo, J. ve Lera-Lopez, F. (2021). Do Educational Inequalities Affect Internet Use? An Analysis for Developed and Developing Countries. Telematics and Informatics, 58, 101521.
  • Bittman, M., Rutherford, L., Brown, J. ve Unsworth, L. (2011). Digital Natives? New and Old Media and Children’s Outcomes. Australian Journal of Education, 55(2), 161–175.
  • Boyd, D. ve Hargittai, E. (2013). Connected and Concerned: Variation in Parents’ Online Safety Concerns. Policy & Internet, 5(3), 245-269.
  • Büchi, M., Just, N. ve Latzer, M. (2016). Modeling The Second-Level Digital Divide: A Five-Country Study of Social Differences in Internet Use. New Media & Society, 18(11), 2703–2722.
  • Ceyhan, A. A. (2011). Ergenlerin Problemli Internet Kullanım Düzeylerinin Yordayıcıları. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 18(2), 85-94. https://cms.cogepderg.com/Uploads/Article_27654/cogepderg-18-85.pdf, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Chassiakos, Y. L. R., Radesky, J., Christakis, D., Moreno, M. A. ve Cross, C. (2016). Children and Adolescents and Digital Media. Pediatrics, 138(5), e20162593. https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/138/5/e20162593/60349/Children-and-Adolescents-and-Digital-Media, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
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  • Kuldas, S., Sargioti, A., Norman, J. O. H. ve Staksrud, E. (2023). A Transactional Framework of Parenting for Children’s Internet Use: A Narrative Review of Parental Self-Efficacy, Mediation, and Awareness of Online Risks. International Journal of Communication, 17(2023), 1717-1736.
  • Lin, J. M. C. ve Liu, S. F. (2012). An Investigation into Parent-Child Collaboration in Learning Computer Programming. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 15(1), 162-173.
  • Livingstone S. (2007). Strategies of Parental Regulation in The Media-Rich Home. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(2), 920–941.
  • Livingstone, S. (2019). EU Kids Online. In R. Hobbs & P. Mihailidis (Eds.), The international encyclopedia of media literacy. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Livingstone, S. ve Smith, P. K. (2014). Annual Research Review: Harms Experienced by Child Users of Online and Mobile Technologies: The Nature, Prevalence and Management of Sexual and Aggressive Risks in The Digital Age. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 55(6), 635-654. Livingstone, S. ve Haddon, L. (2008). Risky Experiences for Children Online: Charting European Research on Children and The Internet. Children & Society, 22(4), 314-323.
  • Livingstone, S. ve Helsper, E. (2010). Balancing Opportunities and Risks In Teenagers’ Use of The Internet: The Role of Online Skills and Internet Self-Efficacy. New media & society, 12(2), 309-329.
  • Livingstone, S., Blum-Ross, A. ve Zhang, D. (2018). What Do Parents Think, and Do, About Their Children’s Online Privacy?, http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/87954, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Livingstone, S., Mascheroni, G. ve Staksrud, E. (2015). Developing A Framework for Researching Children’s Online Risks and Opportunities in Europe. School of Economics and Political Science. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/64470/, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Livingstone, S., Ólafsson, K., Helsper, E. J., Lupiáñez-Villanueva, F., Veltri, G. A. ve Folkvord, F. (2017). Maximizing Opportunities and Minimizing Risks for Children Online: The Role of Digital Skills in Emerging Strategies of Parental Mediation. Journal of Communication, 67, 82–105.
  • Loges, W. E. ve Jung, J. Y. (2001). Exploring The Digital Divide: Internet Connectedness and Age. Communication Research, 28(4), 536–562. https://www.ec.tuwien.ac.at/~dieter/teaching/GmA/Loges2001.pdf, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023]. López, NMM., Robles, ACG, Gómez, ACT ve Hernández, AJ. (2017). Digital Literacy to Parents in The Use of Social Networks. Alteridad, 12(1), 22–33.
  • Manap, A. ve Durmuş, E. (2021). Dijital Ebeveynlik Farkındalığının Aile İçi Roller ve Çocukta Internet Bağımlılığına Göre İncelenmesi. e-International Journal of Educational Research, 12(1), 141–156.
  • McDougall, J., Readman, M. ve Wilkinson, P. (2018). The Uses of (Digital) Literacy. Learning, Media and Technology, 43(3), 263–279.
  • McGuire, L. ve O’Higgins Norman, J. (2017). Parents Coping with Cyberbullying: A Bioecological Analysis. In S. Bauman ve M. Campbell (Editörler), Reducing Cyberbullying in Schools (pp. 61–72). Academic Press. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128114230000055, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Moreno, M. A., Jelenchick, L. A. ve Christakis, D. A. (2013). Problematic Internet Use Among Older Adolescents: A Conceptual Framework. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1879-1887.
  • NACOS. (2021). Report of A National Survey of Children, Their Parents and Adults Regarding Online Safety. https://assets.gov.ie/204409/b9ab5dbd-8fdc-4f97-abfc-a88afb2f6e6f.pdf, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Nevski, E. ve Siibak, A. (2016). The Role of Parents and Parental Mediation on 0–3-Year Olds’ Digital Play with Smart Devices: Estonian Parents’ Attitudes and Practices. Early Years, 36(3), 227-241. Nikken, P. ve de Haan, J. (2015). Guiding Young Children’s Internet Use at Home: Problems That Parents Experience in Their Parental Mediation and The Need for Parenting Support. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 9(1). https://cyberpsychology.eu/article/view/4327, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Plowman, L. (2015). Researching Young Children’s Everyday Uses of Technology in The Family Home. Interacting with Computers 27(1), 36–46. Plowman, L. ve Hancock, J. (2014). Six Questions That Parents Ask About Children’s Use of Digital Media: A Review. London: The Children’s Media Foundation. http://www.thechildrensmediafoundation.org/, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Plowman, L., McPake, J. ve Stephen, C. (2008). Just Picking It Up? Young Children Learning with Technology at Home. Cambridge Journal of Education, 38(3), 303–319.
  • Prensky, M. (2004). The Emerging Online Life of The Digital Native: What They Do Differently Because of Technology, and How They Do It, The Emerging Online Life of the Digital Native. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky-The_Emerging_Online_Life_of_the_Digital_Native-03.pdf, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Rainie, L. (2016). The Digital Divides 2016. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2016/07/14/digital-divides-2016/, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Reginasari, A. ve Annisa, V. (2018). Menggali Pengalaman Menggunakan Teknologi Berbasis Internet Dalam Mempersiapkan Indonesia Menuju Industri 4.0. Jurnal Penelitian Kebijakan Pendidikan, 11 (3), 183-196. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/873a/f447f552d175e15825cd33746442235d9671.pdf, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Robles, M. (2019). Digital Divide and The Information and Communication Society in Spain. Sociologija I Prostor, 291-307. https://hrcak.srce.hr/96095, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Staksrud, E. (2013). Online Grooming Legislation: Knee-Jerk Regulation?. European Journal of Communication, 28(2), 152–167. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0267323112471304, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Symons, K., Ponnet, K., Emmery, K., Walrave, M. ve Heirman, W. (2017). Parental Knowledge of Adolescents’ Online Content and Contact Risks. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46, 401-416. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-016-0599-7, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
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  • Yaman, F., Dönmez, O., Akbulut, Y., Yurdakul, I. K., Çoklar, A. N., & Guyer, T. (2019). Ebeveynlerin Dijital Ebeveynlik Yeterliklerinin Çeşitli Demografik Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 44(199). http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/7897/2944, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Yaman, F., Yurdakul, I.K., Akbulut, Y. ve Dönmez, O. (2022). An Examination of The Digital Parenting Profiles in Turkey. Child Psychiatry & Human Development. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10578-022-01410-y, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Yu, J., Bai, C. ve Roque, R. (2020). Considering Parents in Coding Kit Design: Understanding Parents’ Perspectives and Roles. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-14). https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3313831.3376130, [Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2023].
  • Zaman, B., Nouwen, M., Vanattenhoven, J., De Ferrerre, E. ve Van Loy, J. (2016). A Qualitative Inquiry into the Contextualized Parental Mediation Practices of Young Children’s Digital Media Use at Home. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 60(1), 1-22.
  • Zhang, M. (2015). Internet Use that Reproduces Educational Inequalities: Evidence from Big Data. Computers & Education, 86, 212–223.
  • Zhou, P., Chen, F., Wang, W., Song, P. ve Zhu, C. (2019). Does the Development of Information and Communinication Technology and Transportation Infrastructure Affect China´s Educational Inequality? Sustainability, 11(9), 2535.
Toplam 69 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kültür, Temsil ve Kimlik, Öğretim Teknolojileri, Okul Dışı Öğrenme, Hayat Boyu Öğrenme, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Eğitimi (Ekonomi, İşletme ve Yönetim Hariç), Alan Eğitimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Şahin Bayzan 0000-0002-5610-0006

Önder Yıldırım 0000-0003-4333-2323

Türkan Karakuş 0000-0002-5809-3962

Engin Kurşun 0000-0002-5649-8595

Yiğit Emrah Turgut 0000-0002-6306-4090

Alper Aslan 0000-0003-2970-6114

Proje Numarası P2022-004
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: Özel Sayı 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılına)

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayzan, Ş., Yıldırım, Ö., Karakuş, T., Kurşun, E., vd. (2023). Türkiye’deki Ebeveynlerin İnternet Kullanım Alışkanlıkları ve Dijital Okuryazarlık Becerileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Korkut Ata Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(Özel Sayı 1 (Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılına), 1249-1271. https://doi.org/10.51531/korkutataturkiyat.1361402