İhracat Performansını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi ve Firmaların İhracat Performans Ölçülerine Göre Sınıflandı- rılmasındaki Rolü: İSO 1000 Sanayi Firmaları Uygulaması

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, ihracat performansını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ve bu faktörlerin firmaların ihracat performans ölçülerine göre sınıflandırılmasındaki rolünün ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu amaçla literatüre dayalı olarak ihracat performansını etkileyen faktörler ve ihracat performans ölçüleri belirlenmiştir. Uygulama kısmında, İSO’na kayıtlı 160 firmaya anket uygulanmıştır. Anketin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve diskriminant analizi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, ihracat performans ölçülerine göre firmaların sınıflandırılmasında ihracat pazarlaması stratejileri, yönetim özellikleri ve firma çevresinin özellikleri en etkili faktörler olarak bulunmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İhracat Performansı, Diskriminant Analizi

Determining the Factors Influencing Export Performance And The Role Of These Factors In Classifying The Firms With Respect To Export Performance: An Application On Iso 1000 Manufacturing Firms

Öz

The aim of the paper is to determine the factors influencing export performance and the role of these factors in classifying the firms with respect to export performance. For this reason, we defined factors that effect export performance and export performance measures based on the literature. For the empirical research, survey instrument was conducted to 160 firms, which belongs to Istanbul Chamber of Industry (ISO) in Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis and classification analysis are used to evaluate the survey instrument. According to the analysis results, export marketing strategy, management characteristics and firm’s environmental characteristics are the most influential attributes when classifying the firm’s according to export performance measures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• export performance, discriminant analysis

Kaynakça

1. Aaby, N.E. and Slater, S.F. (1989), “Management influences on export performance: a re- view of the empirical literature 1978-88”, International Marketing Review, 6(4), ss.7- 26.
2. Akgül, A. ve Çevik, O. (2003), İstatistiksel Analiz Teknikleri: SPSS’te İşletme Yönetimi Uygulamaları, Emek Ofset, Ankara.
3. Cavusgil, S.T., and Naor, J. (1987), “Firm and management characteristics as discrimina- tors of export marketing activity”, Journal of Business Research,15(3), ss.221-35.
4. Cavusgil, S.T., and Zou, S. (1994), “Marketing strategy performance relationships: an in- vestigation of the emprical link in export market ventures”, Journal of Marketing, 58, January, ss.1-21.
5. Chetty, S.K. (1999), “Dimensions of internationalization of manufacturing firms in the ap- parel industry”, European Journal of Marketing, 33(1/2), ss.121-142.
6. Cooper, R.G. ve Kleinschmidt, E. (1985), “The impact of export strategy on export sales performance”, Journal of International Business Studies, 16, Spring, ss.37-56.
7. Diamantopoulos, A. ve Inglis, K. (1988), “Identifying differences between high- and low in- volvement exporters”, International Marketing Review, 5(2), ss.52-60.
8. Donthu, N. ve Kim, S.H. (1993), “Implications of firm controllable factors on export growth”, Journal of Global Marketing, 7(1), ss.47-63.

9. Gürsoy, D., E., Gavcar (2003), International Leisure Travelers Involvement Profile Annuals of Tourism Research, Vol. 30, No.4, UK.
10. Javalgi, R.G., Charles, L.M. ve Todd, P.R. (2004), “The export of e-services in the age of technology transformation: challenges and implications for international service provid- ers”, Journal of Services Marketing, 18(7), ss.560-573.
11. Katsikea, E. ve Morgan, R.E. (2003), “Exploring export sales management practices in small- and medium-sized firms”, Industrial Marketing Management, 32, ss.467– 480.
12. Katsikeas, C.S., Piercy, N.F. ve Ioannidis, C. (1996), “Determinants of export performance in a European Context”, European Journal of Marketing, 30(6), ss.6-35.
13. Kaynak, E. ve Kuan, W.K. (1993), “Environment, strategy, structure, and performance in the context of export activity: an empirical study of Taiwanese manufacturing firms”, Journal of Business Research, 27, ss.33-49.
14. Kiang, M.Y. (2003), “A comparative assessment of classification methods”, Decision Sup- port Systems, 35, ss.441– 454.
15. Louter, P.J., Oouwerkirk, C. ve Bakker, B.A. (1991), “An inquiry into successful exporting”, European Journal of Marketing, 25(6), ss.7-23.
16. Madsen, T.K. (1989), “Successful export marketing management: some empirical evidence”, International Marketing Review, 6(44), ss.41-57.
17. Morales, F. X.M. ve Fernandez, M.M.T (2004), “How much difference is there between in- dustrial district firms? A net value creation approach”, Research Policy, 33, s.473–486.
18. Morgan, R.E. (1999), “Environmental determinants of export decision making: conceptual is- sues regarding the domestic market”, European Business Review, 99(5), ss.323-331.
19. Norusis, M.J. (1993), SPSS for Windows: Professional Statics, Release 6.0, SPPS Inc., Chi- cago.
20. O’Cass A., ve Craig, J. (2003 ), “Examining firm and environmental infuences on export marketing mix strategy and export performance of Australian exporters”, European Journal of Marketing, 37(3/4), ss.366-384.
21. Özdamar, K. (2002), Paket Programlar İle İstatistiksel Veri Analizi II, 4.Baskı, Kaan Kita- pevi, Eskişehir.
22. Stewart, D.B., ve McAuley, A. (2000), “Congruence of domestic and export marketing strategies: An empirical investigation of its performance implications”, International Marketing Review, 17(6), ss.563-585.
23. Valos, M., ve Baker M. (1996), “Developing an Australian model of export marketing per- formance determinants”, Marketing Intelligence & Planning (14/3), ss.11–20.
24. Zou, S. ve Stan, S. (1998) “The determinants of export performance: a review of the em- pirical literature between 1987 and 1997”, International Marketing Review, 15(5), ss.333-356.