Addressing multiple senses in the education of ındividuals with multiple disabilities: Multisensory environments, teaching strategies and stories

Öz

Since individuals with multiple disabilities (MD) have more than one disability, their education should be planned taking into account their individual characteristics and disabilities. The content of the education programs to be created and the methods to be used in teaching should be arranged in a way to respond to the needs of individuals with MD. Individuals with a MD need intensive and systematic education. It is important to appeal to more than one sense in the education of individuals with MD in the education process in order for them to exhibit the target skills to be gained. Therefore, the personnel who provide education services to individuals with MD should be well-trained and education services should be intensive and continuous. Multisensory learning helps individuals to discover the most appropriate learning styles for themselves. It enables them to understand and remember new information and to recall this information when necessary. Therefore, it is used for individuals to communicate and interact with their environment, to gain awareness, the skills and sense of making choices and acting independently. Therefore, addressing more than one sense is considered important in education. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to examine the environments, strategies and stories that appeal to multiple senses, which are important in the education of individuals with MD, and to provide recommendations based on the relevant research findings. Within the scope of the study, first of all, the importance of addressing more than one sense, multisensory environments, multisensory teaching strategies, multisensory stories, researches addressing more than one sense were examined and recommendations were made to stakeholders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• multiple disabilities
• individuals with multiple disabilities
• multisensory environments
• multisensory story
• education of individuals with multiple disabilities

Çoklu yetersizliği olan bireylerin eğitiminde birden fazla duyuya hitap etme: Çok duyulu ortamlar, öğretim stratejileri ve hikâyeler

Öz

Çoklu yetersizliği (ÇY) olan bireyler birden fazla yetersizliğe sahip oldukları için bireysel özellikleri ve yetersizlikleri dikkate alınarak bireylerin eğitimlerinin planlanması gerekmektedir. Oluşturulacak eğitim programlarının içeriği ve öğretimde kullanılacak yöntemler ÇY olan bireylerin ihtiyaçlarına cevap verecek şekilde düzenlenmelidir. ÇY olan bireyler yoğun ve sistematik bir eğitime ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Eğitim öğretim sürecinde ÇY olan bireylerin eğitiminde birden fazla duyuya hitap etmek kazandırılmak istenen hedef becerileri sergilemelerinde önemlidir. Dolayısıyla ÇY olan bireylere verilecek eğitim hizmetlerini veren personelin iyi yetişmiş olması ve eğitim hizmetlerinin yoğun ve sürekli olması gerekmektedir. Çok duyulu öğrenme bireylerin kendilerine en uygun öğrenme stillerini keşfetmelerine yardımcı olmaktadır. Elde edilen yeni bilgileri anlamayı, hatırlamayı ve gerektiğinde bu bilgileri geri çağırmayı sağlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla bireylerin çevreleriyle iletişim kurmaları ve etkileşimde bulunmaları, bireylere farkındalık, seçim yapma ve bağımsız hareket etme becerileri ve hissi kazandırmada kullanılmaktadır. Bu yüzden eğitimde birden fazla duyuya hitap etme önemli görülmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu araştırmanın amacı; çoklu yetersizliği (ÇY) olan bireylerin eğitiminde önemli olan birden fazla duyuya hitap eden ortamların, stratejilerin, hikâyelerin incelenmesi ve ilgili araştırma bulgularından yola çıkılarak öneriler sunulmasıdır. Çalışma kapsamında öncelikle birden fazla duyuya hitap etmenin önemi, çok duyulu ortamlar, çok duyulu öğretim stratejileri, çok duyulu hikâyeler, birden fazla duyuya hitap eden araştırmalar incelenerek paydaşlara önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çoklu yetersizlik
• çoklu yetersizliği olan bireyler
• çok duyulu ortam
• çok duyulu hikâye
• çoklu yetersizliği olan bireylerin eğitimi

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