Obesitiy: Its Complications and Available Medications

Yıl 2020, , 68 - 76, 12.01.2020

Additiya Paramanya , Yash Jain Ahmad Ali

https://doi.org/10.30934/kusbed.615706

Cited By: 1

Öz

Obesity is one of the common metabolic diseases
which is tremendously on the rise. According to the World Health Organization
(WHO), the number of patients has increased three times since 1975. A person
with Body Mass Index (BMI) equal to or higher than 30.0 is considered obese.
Previously considered only as a cosmetic concern, obesity has now been shown to
be an aggravating element for various diseases and disorders including diabetes
and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The most common drugs subscribed by
physicians include orlistat, rimonabant, liraglutide and sibutramine which have
been proven to be effective to reduce body fat in patients. However, in the
long run, patients have complained about symptoms which are mild like nausea,
insomnia and dizziness to severe complications such as increase in risk of
heart attack or stroke. The following review provides insights about synthetic
drugs, their classification and their side-effects on human health.
Furthermore, a gist of natural products i.e. phytochemicals that can be used as
an alternative to these synthetic drugs has also been discussed in the review.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obesity, Body Mass Index, Orlistat, Rimonabant, Phytochemicals, Sibutramine

Obezite: Komplikasyonları ve Tedavisinde Kullanılan İlaçlar

Öz

Obezite olağanüstü düzeyde bir atış gösteren
yaygın görülen metabolik hastalıklardan biridir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'ne (WHO)
göre, hasta sayısı 1975'ten bu yana üç kat artmıştır. Beden kitle indeksi (BKİ)
30’a eşit veya 30’dan daha yüksek olan bir kişi obez olarak kabul edilmektedir.
Daha önce sadece kozmetik bir sorun olarak kabul edilen obezitenin günümüzde diyabet
ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar (KVH) gibi çeşitli hastalıklar ve bozukluklar
için ağırlaştırıcı bir unsur olduğu gösterilmiştir. Doktorlar tarafından en çok
reçetelenen ilaçlar olan orlistat, rimonabant, liraglutid ve sibutraminin
hastalarda vücut yağ oranını azaltmada etkili oldukları kanıtlanmıştır. Bununla
birlikte, uzun vadede hastalar bulantı, uykusuzluk ve baş dönmesi gibi hafif
semptomlardan ve kalp krizi veya inme gibi ciddi komplikasyonlardan şikayet
etmektedir. Mevcut derleme sentetik ilaçlar, bu ilaçların sınıflandırılması ve
insan sağlığı üzerindeki yan etkileri hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Ek olarak, bu
sentetik ilaçlara alternatif olarak kullanılabilecek doğal ürünler olan
fitokimyasalların bir özeti de mevcut derlemede tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beden kitle indeksi, obezite, orlistat, sibutramin, fitokimyasallar, rimonabant

Kaynakça

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