PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SESAMOL AGAINST SECONDARY INJURY IN THE RAT MODEL OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

Yıl 2023, , 136 - 142, 30.04.2023

Dilan Ozaydin , Pınar Kuru Bektaşoğlu

https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1262700

Öz

Objective: Sesamol is a powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective chemical. This study aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of sesamol in a rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model.

Material and Methods: Thirty-two male rats were divided into the following four groups: control, trauma, vehicle, and sesamol. All groups were subjected to TBI, and immediately after trauma saline and sesamol (100 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to the vehicle and sesamol groups, respectively. At 24th hour of TBI, brain samples were collected, and histomorphological investigation of brain parenchyma was performed using electron and light microscopy.

Results:On histopathological investigation, TBI induced brain injury was lesser than trauma and vehicle groups in the sesamol group. Compared to the trauma group, in the sesamol group there was less perivascular region edema. The neuronal processes of the sesamol group also displayed less intracellular edema and vacuoles.

Conclusion:The results of the current study revealed for the first time that sesamol exhibits neuroprotective effects against TBI.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Neuroprotection, sesamol, traumatic brain injury

Travmatik Beyin Hasarı Sıçan Modelinde Sesamol’ün İkincil Yaralanmaya Karşı Koruyucu Etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Sesamol güçlü bir antioksidan, antiinflammatuar, antiapoptotik ve nöroprotektif bir kimyasaldır. Bu çalışmada, sesamolün sıçan travmatik beyin hasarı (TBH) modelinde histopatolojik etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Otuz iki erkek sıçan dört gruba ayrıldı: kontrol, travma, sham ve sesamol. Travma, sham ve sesamol gruplarına ağırlık düşme yöntemi ile kapalı kafa travması uygulandı, travmadan hemen sonra sırasıyla sham ve sesamol gruplarına periton içine salin ve sesamol (100 mg/kg) uygulandı. Travmadan 24 saat sonra, beyin örnekleri alındı ve elektron ve ışık mikroskobu kullanılarak beyin korteksi histomorfolojik olarak incelendi.

Bulgular: Histopatolojik değerlendirme sonucunda sesamol grubunda kafa travması ile indüklenen beyin korteksindeki hasar travma ve sham gruplarından daha azdı. Travma grubuna göre sesamol grubunda perivasküler alan ödemi daha azdı. Sesamol grubunun nöronal uzantılarında da daha az hücre içi ödem ve vakuoller izlendi.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları sesamolün TBH'na karşı nöroprotektif etkiler gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nöroproteksiyon, sesamol, travmatik beyin hasarı

Kaynakça

• Acosta SA, Tajiri N, Shinozuka K, Ishikawa H, Grimmig B, Diamond DM, et al. Long-term upregulation of inflammation and suppression of cell proliferation in the brain of adult rats exposed to traumatic brain injury using the controlled cortical impact model. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e53376.
• Salehi A, Zhang JH, Obenaus A. Response of the cerebral vasculature following traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2017;37(7):2320-39.
• Lozano D, Gonzales-Portillo GS, Acosta S, de la Pena I, Tajiri N, Kaneko Y, et al. Neuroinflammatory responses to traumatic brain injury: etiology, clinical consequences, and therapeutic opportunities. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015;11:97-106.
• Perez-Polo JR, Rea HC, Johnson KM, Parsley MA, Unabia GC, Xu G, et al. Inflammatory consequences in a rodent model of mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 2013;30(9):727-40.
• Pop V, Badaut J. A neurovascular perspective for long-term changes after brain trauma. Transl Stroke Res. 2011;2(4):533-45.
• Kertmen H, Gürer B, Yilmaz ER, Kanat MA, Arikok AT, Ergüder BI, et al. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of darbepoetin-α against traumatic brain injury in rats. Arch Med Sci. 2015;11(5):1119-28
• Yilmaz ER, Kertmen H, Gürer B, Kanat MA, Arikok AT, Ergüder BI, et al. The protective effect of 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate (MESNA) against traumatic brain injury in rats. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2013;155(1):141-9.
• Giacino JT, Whyte J, Bagiella E, Kalmar K, Childs N, Khademi A, et al. Placebo-controlled trial of amantadine for severe traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(9):819-26.
• Sachdeva AK, Misra S, Pal Kaur I, Chopra K. Neuroprotective potential of sesamol and its loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in ICV-STZ-induced cognitive deficits: behavioral and biochemical evidence. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015;747:132-40.
• Chu PY, Srinivasan P, Deng JF, Liu MY. Sesamol attenuates oxidative stress-mediated experimental acute pancreatitis in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2012;31(4):397-404.
• Periasamy S, Chu PY, Li YH, Hsu DZ, Liu MY. Sesamol ameliorates hypotension by modulating cytokines and PPAR-gamma in systemic inflammatory response. Excli J. 2015;14:948-57
• Galano A, Alvarez-Idaboy JR, Francisco-Márquez M. Physicochemical insights on the free radical scavenging activity of sesamol: importance of the acid/base equilibrium. J Phys Chem B. 2011;115(44):13101-9.
• Duarte AR, Chenet AL, Souza de Almeida FJ, Balbinotti Andrade CM, Roberto de Oliveira M. The inhibition of heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1) abolishes the mitochondrial protection induced by sesamol in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2018;296:171-8.
• Chopra K, Tiwari V, Arora V, Kuhad A. Sesamol suppresses neuro-inflammatory cascade in experimental model of diabetic neuropathy. J Pain. 2010;11(10):950-7.
• Wu PY, You YJ, Liu YJ, Hou CW, Wu CS, Wen KC, et al. Sesamol Inhibited Melanogenesis by Regulating Melanin-Related Signal Transduction in B16F10 Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(4):1108.
• Gao XJ, Xie GN, Liu L, Fu ZJ, Zhang ZW, Teng LZ. Sesamol attenuates oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med. 2017;14(1):841-7.
• Hong BY, Kim JS, Lee KB, Lim SH. The effect of sesamol on rats with ischemic stroke. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1771-3.
• Hassanzadeh P, Arbabi E, Rostami F. The ameliorative effects of sesamol against seizures, cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in the experimental model of epilepsy. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2014;17(2):100-7.
• Jan KC, Ho CT, Hwang LS. Bioavailability and tissue distribution of sesamol in rat. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56(16):7032-7.
• Vennila L, Pugalendi KV. Protective effect of sesamol against myocardial infarction caused by isoproterenol in Wistar rats. Redox Rep. 2010;15(1):36-42.
• Marmarou A, Foda MA, van den Brink W, Campbell J, Kita H, Demetriadou K. A new model of diffuse brain injury in rats. Part I: Pathophysiology and biomechanics. J Neurosurg. 1994;80(2):291-300.
• Ucar T, Tanriover G, Gurer I, Onal MZ, Kazan S. Modified experimental mild traumatic brain injury model. J Trauma. 2006;60(3):558-65.
• Maas AIR, Menon DK, Adelson PD, Andelic N, Bell MJ, Belli A, et al. Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol. 2017;16(12):987-1048.
• Dash HH, Chavali S. Management of traumatic brain injury patients. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2018;71(1):12-21.
• Yashaswini PS, Rao AG, Singh SA. Inhibition of lipoxygenase by sesamol corroborates its potential anti-inflammatory activity. Int J Biol Macromol. 2017;94(Pt B):781-7.
• Deme P, Narasimhulu CA, Parthasarathy S. Identification and evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of aqueous components extracted from sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2018;1087-1088:61-9.
• Chennuru A, Saleem MT. Antioxidant, lipid lowering, and membrane stabilization effect of sesamol against doxorubicin-induced cardio-myopathy in experimental rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:934239.
• Masuda T, Shingai Y, Fujimoto A, Nakamura M, Oyama Y, Maekawa T, et al. Identification of cytotoxic dimers in oxidation product from sesamol, a potent antioxidant of sesame oil. J Agric Food Chem. 2010;58(20):10880-5.
• Wan Y, Li H, Fu G, Chen X, Chen F, Xie M. The relationship of antioxidant components and antioxidant activity of sesame seed oil. J Sci Food Agric. 2015;95(13):2571-8.
• Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R, Dehpour AR, Azhdarzadeh M, Dinarvand M. Application of nanostructured lipid carriers: the prolonged protective effects for sesamol in in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic stroke via activation of PI3K signalling pathway. Daru. 2017;25(1):25.
• VanGilder RL, Kelly KA, Chua MD, Ptachcinski RL, Huber JD. Administration of sesamol improved blood-brain barrier function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Exp Brain Res. 2009;197(1):23-34.