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EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 156 - 162, 25.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1660085

Öz

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between risk factors and the severity of symptoms, functional status, and electromyography (EMG) results in patients with a preliminary diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2025 and March 2025. The study population consisted of patients treated at Samsun Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Diseases Hospital who were referred to the EMG unit with a preliminary diagnosis of CTS. The sample size was calculated using the Minitab-16 program, and a total of 261 patients were included. Participant data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire administered by an experienced EMG nurse. Electromyography (EMG) assessments were performed and reported by a Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation specialist who was blinded to the questionnaire results. The questionnaire included 14 initial questions regarding the patients' age, gender, specific characteristics, risk factors related to CTS, and their Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores. Subsequently, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) was administered. A significance level of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant for comparisons.
Results: Among the patients included in the study, 216 (82.8%) were female, and 45 (17.2%) were male. The median age was 49 (range: 20–94) years. The mean total score of the BCTQ was 5.4±1.5. Of the patients referred to the electrophysiology laboratory with a preliminary diagnosis of CTS, 53.3% were diagnosed with CTS. When comparing patients with and without electrophysiologically confirmed CTS, the condition was found to be more common in females, individuals with a smoking history of more than 21 years, and patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Compared to individuals without CTS, those diagnosed with CTS had higher age, longer duration of wrist pain, higher total BCTQ scores, VAS scores, and Body Mass Index (BMI) values.
Conclusion: The risk factors, BCTQ scores, and EMG findings of patients referred to the EMG laboratory with a preliminary diagnosis of CTS appear to be complementary. Female gender, long-term smoking (≥21 years), and the presence of diabetes were significantly associated with CTS. Considering these risk factors in clinical evaluations may contribute to the development of effective strategies for the early diagnosis and management of CTS.

Proje Numarası

Ondokuz Mayıs University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 2025/36)

Kaynakça

  • Provinciali L, Giattini A, Splendiani G, Logullo F. Usefulness of hand rehabilitation after carpal tunnel surgery. Muscle & Nerve. 2000;23(2):211-216.
  • Sevy JO, Sina RE, Varacallo MA. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; October 29, 2023.
  • Oktayoglu P, Nas K, Kilinç F, Tasdemir N, Bozkurt M, Yildiz I. Assessment of the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and acromegaly. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015;9(6):OC14.
  • Goodson JT, DeBerard MS, Wheeler AJ, Colledge AL. Occupational and biopsychosocial risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Occup Environ Med. 2014;56(9):965- 972.
  • Al-Jasim A, Sarhan FMA, Al-Abbasi G, et al. Risk factors associated with the reported scores on the symptoms severity and functional limitations scales of the Boston C arpal Tunnel Questionnaire: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023;85(5):1691-1698.
  • Graham B, Regehr G, Naglie G, Wright JG. Development and validation of diagnostic criteria for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg Am. 2006;31(6):919-924.
  • Sançmış M, Cavit A, Çakıcı İ, Özcanlı H, Uysal H. Is Boston questionnaire an alternative to electromyography for evaluation of the surgical outcome for carpal tunnel syndrome? Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2020;66(3):336.
  • Sezgin M, İncel NA, Sevim S, Çamdeviren H, As İ, Erdoğan C. Assessment of symptom severity and functional status in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Boston Questionnaire. Disabil Rehabil. 2006;28(20):1281-1285.
  • Levine DW, Simmons BP, Koris MJ, et al. A self- administered questionnaire for the assessment of severity of symptoms and functional status in carpal tunnel syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993;75(11):1585-1592.
  • Boonstra AM, Preuper HRS, Balk GA, Stewart RE. Cut- off points for mild, moderate, and severe pain on the visual analogue scale for pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Pain. 2014;155(12):2545-2550.
  • Eroğlu S. Karpal tünel sendromu ve tanısında kullanılan elektrodiagnostik yöntemler Türkçe. Harran Univ Tıp Fak Derg. 2013;10(2):79-86.
  • Otelea MR, Nartea R, Popescu FG, Covaleov A, Mitoiu BI, Nica AS. The pathological links between adiposity and the carpal tunnel syndrome. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022;44(6):2646-2663.
  • Hidayati HB, Subadi I, Fidiana F, Puspamaniar VA. Current diagnosis and management of carpal tunnel syndrome: A review. Anaesth Pain Intensive Care. 2022;26(3):394-404.
  • Abumunaser LA. Demographic pattern of carpal tunnel syndrome in western Saudi Arabia. Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2012;17(1):44-47.
  • Prastowo B, Baruna AH, Nurfani MY, Watini W. Musculoskeletal disorders mapping among workers of community health center. Phys Ther J Indones. 2023;4(2):116-120.
  • Şahin BE, Yetiş A, Duran S, Özdemir Öktem E. İki yüz hastanın elektrofizyolojik bulgularının Boston Karpal Tünel Sendromu Anketi skorları ve meslekler ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Kırıkkale Üni Tıp Derg. 2021;23(1):25-33.
  • Altraifi MA, Alluhaybi AF, Alaezaimee SM, Aledaili SA, Ali SI. Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms and its associated risk factors in Hail region. Majmaah J Health Sci. 2020;8(3):92-104.
  • Alduraibi LS, Alsamani RI, Alfayyadh JM, Almuqairsha SA, Alduraibi L, Alsamani R. Reported symptoms and associated factors of carpal tunnel syndrome in Qassim region: A cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2023;15(11):e49385
  • Schrijver HM, Gerritsen AA, Strijers RL, et al. Correlating nerve conduction studies and clinical outcome measures on carpal tunnel syndrome: Lessons from a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2005;22(3):216-221.
  • Chan L, Turner JA, Comstock BA, et al. The relationship between electrodiagnostic findings and patient symptoms and function in carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(1):19-24.

Karpal Tünel Sendromu Ön Tanılı Hastalarda Risk Faktörlerinin Klinik ve Elektrofizyolojik Bulgular ile İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 156 - 162, 25.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1660085

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma karpal tünel sendromu (KTS) ön tanılı hastalarda risk faktörlerinin; hastaların semptomlarının şiddeti, fonksiyonel durumları ve elektromiyografi (EMG) sonuçları ile ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipteki çalışmanın verileri Şubat 2025-Mart 2025 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Çalışmanın evrenini Samsun Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Hastalıkları Hastanesinde tedavi gören, KTS ön tanısıyla EMG birimine yönlendirilen hastalar oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklem sayısı, minitab-16 programıyla hesaplandı, 261 hastayla çalışıldı. Katılımcı verileri, alanda deneyimli bir EMG hemşiresi tarafından yüz yüze uygulanan anket formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. EMG değerlendirmeleri ise, anket sonuçlarına dair bilgi sahibi olmayan Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon uzmanı hekim tarafından körleme yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiş ve raporlanmıştır. Anket formunda literatür taranarak oluşturulan ilk 14 soruda; hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, KTS ile ilgili bazı özellik ve risk faktörleri ile Vizüel Analog Skalası puanı sorgulandı. Sonrasında ise Boston Karpal Tünel Ölçeği (BKTÖ) sorularına yer verildi. Karşılaştırmalarda anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 216 (%82,8)’sı kadın, 45 (%17,2)’i erkekti. Yaş ortancaları 49 (20-94) yıldı. Boston karpal tünel ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları 5,4±1,5 idi. KTS ön tanısı ile elektrofizyoloji laboratuvarına gönderilen hastaların %53,3 üne KTS tanısı kondu. Elektrofizyolojik olarak doğrulanmış KTS tanısı olan ve olmayan hastalar karşılaştırıldığında, KTS’nin kadınlarda, 21 yıldan uzun süredir sigara kullanan bireylerde ve diyabetes mellitus (DM) olan hastalarda daha yaygın olduğu görüldü. KTS tanısı alan hastalarda ise KTS tanısı almayan hastalara göre; yaş, bilek ağrısı süresi, BKTÖ toplam puanı, VAS skoru ve vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) değerleri daha yüksekti.
Sonuç: EMG laboratuvarına KTS ön tanısı ile yönlendirilen hastaların risk faktörleri ile BKTÖ puanları ve EMG sonuçları birbirini tamamlayıcı niteliktedir. Kadın cinsiyet, uzun süreli sigara kullanımı (≥21 yıl) ve DM varlığı, KTS ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkilendirildi. Belirtilen risk faktörleri klinik değerlendirmede dikkate alınarak, KTS’nin erken tanı ve yönetimine dair yaklaşımlar geliştirilebilir.

Proje Numarası

Ondokuz Mayıs University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 2025/36)

Kaynakça

  • Provinciali L, Giattini A, Splendiani G, Logullo F. Usefulness of hand rehabilitation after carpal tunnel surgery. Muscle & Nerve. 2000;23(2):211-216.
  • Sevy JO, Sina RE, Varacallo MA. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; October 29, 2023.
  • Oktayoglu P, Nas K, Kilinç F, Tasdemir N, Bozkurt M, Yildiz I. Assessment of the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and acromegaly. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015;9(6):OC14.
  • Goodson JT, DeBerard MS, Wheeler AJ, Colledge AL. Occupational and biopsychosocial risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Occup Environ Med. 2014;56(9):965- 972.
  • Al-Jasim A, Sarhan FMA, Al-Abbasi G, et al. Risk factors associated with the reported scores on the symptoms severity and functional limitations scales of the Boston C arpal Tunnel Questionnaire: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023;85(5):1691-1698.
  • Graham B, Regehr G, Naglie G, Wright JG. Development and validation of diagnostic criteria for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg Am. 2006;31(6):919-924.
  • Sançmış M, Cavit A, Çakıcı İ, Özcanlı H, Uysal H. Is Boston questionnaire an alternative to electromyography for evaluation of the surgical outcome for carpal tunnel syndrome? Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2020;66(3):336.
  • Sezgin M, İncel NA, Sevim S, Çamdeviren H, As İ, Erdoğan C. Assessment of symptom severity and functional status in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Boston Questionnaire. Disabil Rehabil. 2006;28(20):1281-1285.
  • Levine DW, Simmons BP, Koris MJ, et al. A self- administered questionnaire for the assessment of severity of symptoms and functional status in carpal tunnel syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993;75(11):1585-1592.
  • Boonstra AM, Preuper HRS, Balk GA, Stewart RE. Cut- off points for mild, moderate, and severe pain on the visual analogue scale for pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Pain. 2014;155(12):2545-2550.
  • Eroğlu S. Karpal tünel sendromu ve tanısında kullanılan elektrodiagnostik yöntemler Türkçe. Harran Univ Tıp Fak Derg. 2013;10(2):79-86.
  • Otelea MR, Nartea R, Popescu FG, Covaleov A, Mitoiu BI, Nica AS. The pathological links between adiposity and the carpal tunnel syndrome. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022;44(6):2646-2663.
  • Hidayati HB, Subadi I, Fidiana F, Puspamaniar VA. Current diagnosis and management of carpal tunnel syndrome: A review. Anaesth Pain Intensive Care. 2022;26(3):394-404.
  • Abumunaser LA. Demographic pattern of carpal tunnel syndrome in western Saudi Arabia. Neurosciences (Riyadh). 2012;17(1):44-47.
  • Prastowo B, Baruna AH, Nurfani MY, Watini W. Musculoskeletal disorders mapping among workers of community health center. Phys Ther J Indones. 2023;4(2):116-120.
  • Şahin BE, Yetiş A, Duran S, Özdemir Öktem E. İki yüz hastanın elektrofizyolojik bulgularının Boston Karpal Tünel Sendromu Anketi skorları ve meslekler ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Kırıkkale Üni Tıp Derg. 2021;23(1):25-33.
  • Altraifi MA, Alluhaybi AF, Alaezaimee SM, Aledaili SA, Ali SI. Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms and its associated risk factors in Hail region. Majmaah J Health Sci. 2020;8(3):92-104.
  • Alduraibi LS, Alsamani RI, Alfayyadh JM, Almuqairsha SA, Alduraibi L, Alsamani R. Reported symptoms and associated factors of carpal tunnel syndrome in Qassim region: A cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2023;15(11):e49385
  • Schrijver HM, Gerritsen AA, Strijers RL, et al. Correlating nerve conduction studies and clinical outcome measures on carpal tunnel syndrome: Lessons from a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2005;22(3):216-221.
  • Chan L, Turner JA, Comstock BA, et al. The relationship between electrodiagnostic findings and patient symptoms and function in carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88(1):19-24.
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi, Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Özgün Araştırma
Yazarlar

Zafer Ceyhan 0000-0001-8879-5052

Proje Numarası Ondokuz Mayıs University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 2025/36)
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 21 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ceyhan, Z. (2025). EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. The Journal of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine, 27(2), 156-162. https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1660085
AMA Ceyhan Z. EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. Kırıkkale Üni Tıp Derg. Ağustos 2025;27(2):156-162. doi:10.24938/kutfd.1660085
Chicago Ceyhan, Zafer. “EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME”. The Journal of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine 27, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2025): 156-62. https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1660085.
EndNote Ceyhan Z (01 Ağustos 2025) EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. The Journal of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine 27 2 156–162.
IEEE Z. Ceyhan, “EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME”, Kırıkkale Üni Tıp Derg, c. 27, sy. 2, ss. 156–162, 2025, doi: 10.24938/kutfd.1660085.
ISNAD Ceyhan, Zafer. “EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME”. The Journal of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine 27/2 (Ağustos2025), 156-162. https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.1660085.
JAMA Ceyhan Z. EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. Kırıkkale Üni Tıp Derg. 2025;27:156–162.
MLA Ceyhan, Zafer. “EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME”. The Journal of Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine, c. 27, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 156-62, doi:10.24938/kutfd.1660085.
Vancouver Ceyhan Z. EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH A PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. Kırıkkale Üni Tıp Derg. 2025;27(2):156-62.

Bu Dergi, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yayınıdır.