Endüstriyel Kefir Orijinli, Ekzopolisakkarit Üreten Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ve Lacticaseibacillus paracasei'ye ait Postbiyotiklerin Anti-Candidal Biyofilm Ajanları Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Candidal biyofilm hem tıbbi hem de endüstriyel alanlarda ciddi sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ekzopolisakkarit üreten endüstriyel kefir izolatlarına ait postbiyotiklerinin Candida albicans'ın biyofilm ilgili genlerinin transkripsiyon düzeyine etkisinin ortaya konulması ve biyofilm önleme ve tedavi özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, süpermarketlerden alınan sekiz farklı markanın kefir örneklerinden elde edilen laktik asit bakterilerinin ekzopolisakkarit üretim kapasitesi belirlenmiştir. Ekzopolisakkarit üreten izolatların postbiyotiklerinin C. albicans biyofilmle ilişkili genleri üzerindeki transkripsiyonel etkisi Ters Transkripsiyon-Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Postbiyotiklerin biyofilm önleme ve biyofilm tedavi etkileri abiyotik ortamda (polistiren mikroplak) belirlenmiştir. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ve Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (ekzopolisakkarit üreten izolatlar) postbiyotiklerinin minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değerleri sırasıyla %12.5 ve %25 olarak belirlenmiştir. L. rhamnosus ve L. paracasei postbiyotiklerinin 2xMİK ve üzeri dozları önlemede etkili iken, MİK ve üzeri dozları biyofilm tedavisinde etkili bulunmuştur. L. rhamnosus postbiyotiği 2xMİK ve MİK dozlarında als1, als3 ve bcr genlerini aşağı regüle etmiştir. L. paracasei postbiyotiği 2xMİK dozuna maruziyette incelenen tüm genleri aşağı regüle etmiştir. L. rhamnosus postbiyotiğinin 2xMİK dozunda 24. saatte als1, als3 ve bcr genlerinde ortalama olarak sırasıyla 0.03, 0.15 ve 0.79 kat aşağı regülasyon belirlenirken; MİK dozlarında 0.31, 0.55 ve 0.77 kat aşağı regülasyon belirlenmiştir. L. paracasei postbiyotiğinde 24. saatte 2xMİK dozunda als1, als3, bcr ve hwp genlerinde sırasıyla 0.39, 0.05, 0.91 ve 0.04 kat aşağı regülasyon belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, biyofilmleri önleyebilen veya tedavi edebilen yeni yaklaşımların keşfi, yeni biyolojik kontrol ajanlarının ortaya çıkmasını teşvik edecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyofilm
• Candida
• Ekzopolisakkarit
• Kefir
• Lacticaseibacillus
• Postbiyotikler

Evaluation of Postbiotics Belonging to Industrial Kefir-Derived Exopolysaccharide-Producing Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei as Anti-Candidal Biofilm Agents

Öz

Candidal biofilm is a concern in both medical and industrial fields. This study aims to reveal the effect of postbiotics on the transcriptional level of biofilm-associated genes of Candida albicans in exopolysaccharide-producing industrial kefir-derived isolates and to determine their biofilm prevention and treatment properties. In the study, the exopolysaccharide production capacity of lactic acid bacteria obtained from kefir samples of eight different brands from supermarkets was determined. The transcriptional effect of postbiotics of exopolysaccharide-producing isolates on C. albicans biofilm-related genes was carried out via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The biofilm prevention and biofilm treatment effects of postbiotics were determined in abiotic media (polystyrene microplate). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (exopolysaccharide-producing isolates) postbiotics were determined as 12.5% and 25%, respectively. While 2xMIC and above doses of L. rhamnosus and L. paracasei postbiotics were effective in prevention, MIC and above doses were effective in biofilm treatment. als1, als3, and bcr genes were down-regulated at 2xMIC and MIC doses of L. rhamnosus postbiotic. At exposure to a 2xMIC dose of L. paracasei postbiotic, all genes examined were down-regulated. On average, 0.03, 0.15, and 0.79-fold downregulation of als1, als3 and bcr genes was determined at 24 hours at 2xMIC dose of L. rhamnosus postbiotic; 0.31, 0.55, and 0.77-fold downregulation was determined at 24 hours at MIC doses. A 0.39, 0.05, 0.91, and 0.04-fold downregulation of L. paracasei postbiotic at 2xMIC dose at 24 hours was determined in als1, als3, bcr and hwp genes, respectively. In conclusion, the discovery of new approaches that can prevent or treat biofilms could stimulate the emergence of novel bio-control agents.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biofilm
• Candida
• Exopolysaccharide
• Kefir
• Lacticaseibacillus
• Postbiotics

Kaynakça

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