Protective effects of sanggenon C against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity via modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation

Öz

The present study evaluated the protective effects of sanggenon C against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats through oxidative, inflammatory, biochemical, and histopathological parameters. Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, acetaminophen (AAP; 0.5 g/kg), sanggenon C (SANG; 0.1 mg/kg), and therapeutic group (AAP+SANG), in which sanggenon C was administered 4 h after acetaminophen exposure. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, and CK activities were determined. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were assessed by measuring MDA, GSH, NO, TAS, and TOS levels in blood and liver tissue. Inflammatory responses were evaluated by determining TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, COX-2, PGE₂, and NF-κB levels. Liver tissue was also examined histopathologically. Acetaminophen administration caused significant hepatic injury, characterized by increased transaminase and LDH activities, elevated oxidative stress, enhanced inflammatory mediator levels, and marked histopathological alterations. Sanggenon C treatment reduced lipid peroxidation, improved antioxidant status, modulated inflammatory responses, and attenuated structural liver damage. These findings suggest that sanggenon C mitigates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways and may have potential as a natural hepatoprotective agent.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Acetaminophen
• Hepatotoxicity
• Inflammation
• Oxidative stress
• Sanggenon C

Asetaminofen Kaynaklı Hepatotoksisitede Sanggenon C’nin Oksidatif Stres ve İnflamasyon Üzerine Koruyucu Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Sanggenon C’nin ratlarda asetaminofen ile oluşturulan hepatotoksisiteye karşı koruyucu etkileri; oksidatif stres, inflamasyon, biyokimyasal belirteçler ve histopatolojik bulgular yönünden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada 28 erkek Sprague Dawley rat; kontrol, asetaminofen grubu (AAP; 0,5 g/kg), Sanggenon C grubu (SANG; 0,1 mg/kg) ve asetaminofen uygulamasından 4 saat sonra Sanggenon C verilen terapötik grup (AAP+SANG) olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH ve CK aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Kan ve karaciğer dokusunda MDA, GSH, NO, TAS ve TOS düzeyleri ölçülerek oksidatif stres ve antioksidan durum değerlendirilmiştir. İnflamatuvar yanıtlar TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, COX-2, PGE₂ ve NF-κB düzeyleri üzerinden incelenmiş; ayrıca karaciğer dokusunda histopatolojik değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Asetaminofen uygulamasının transaminaz ve LDH aktivitelerinde artışa, oksidatif stresin yükselmesine, inflamatuvar mediyatörlerin artmasına ve belirgin histopatolojik değişikliklere yol açtığı görülmüştür. Sanggenon C tedavisinin lipid peroksidasyonunu azalttığı, antioksidan durumu iyileştirdiği, inflamatuvar yanıtı düzenlediği ve yapısal karaciğer hasarını hafiflettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, Sanggenon C’nin oksidatif stres ve inflamatuvar yolaklar üzerindeki düzenleyici etkileri aracılığıyla asetaminofen kaynaklı hepatotoksisiteyi azaltabileceğini ve doğal hepatoprotektif bir ajan olarak potansiyel taşıdığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asetaminofen
• Hepatotoksisite
• İnflamasyon
• Oksidatif stres
• Sanggenon C

Kaynakça

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