Detection of Canine Distemper Virus from Ocular Swab and Blood Samples in Dog by Real-Time RT-PCR Method

Abstract

CDV is a highly contagious, systemic and viral infection encountered all around the world. This study aimed to investigation of the the prevalence of CDV seen in dogs in Burdur. For this purpose, ocular swab and blood samples were taken from 65 CDV pre-diagnosed dogs that were brought into Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Veterinary Faculty clinics. Real-time RT-PCR method was applied on the subject samples in order to get a laboratory diagnosis of CDV. In total, 42 of these, 16 from blood and 26 from ocular swab, were detected as positive by real-time RT-PCR. Nine of them were detected as positive both in ocular swab and blood samples. In addition, 11 of 42 samples (33 animals) detected as positive by real-time RT-PCR were already known to have been taken from dogs vaccinated against CDV previously. In the study, test results of the samples taken from diseased dogs and their relations with vaccine history were evaluated statistically as well. In the light of these results, it is recommended to use ocular swab samples as materials in diagnosing CDV and examining all animals (including those vaccinated) with clinical findings in terms of this infection so as to confine the disease. 

Keywords

• canine distemper virus
• epidemiyology
• real-time RT-PCR

Real Time RT-PCR Metodu ile Köpeklerin Oküler Swap ve Kan Örneklerinden Canine Distemper Virusunun Tespiti

Öz

Canine distemper virus (CDV- köpek gençlik hastalığı) çok bulaşıcı, sistemik ve dünya genelinde yaygın olarak görülen viral bir enfeksiyondur. Bu çalışma ile Burdur’da köpeklerde görülen CDV’nun yaygınlığının araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi kliniklerine gelen hasta hayvanlardan CDV ön tanısı konulmuş 65 köpekten oküler swap ve kan örnekleri alındı. Söz konusu örneklere CDV laboratuvar tanısı koymak amacıyla real-time RT-PCR metodu uygulandı. 16 adeti kan, 26 adeti oküler swaptan olmak üzere toplamda 42 tanesi real time-RT-PCR ile pozitif olarak belirlendi. Dokuz adeti hem oküler swapta hemde kan örneklerinde pozitif olarak tespit edildi. Ayrıca real-time RT PCR ile pozitif tespit edilen 42 örneğin (33 hayvan) içerisinden 11 tanesinin daha önceden CDV’ye karşı aşılanmış köpeklerden olduğu bilinmekteydi. Araştırmada hasta köpeklerden alınan örneklerin test sonuçları ve aşı geçmişleri ile ilişkileri istatistiki olarak da değerlendirildi. Bu sonuçlar ışığında, CDV’nun teşhisinde materyal olarak oküler swap örneklerinin kullanılması ve hastalığı sınırlandırmak için klinik bulgu gösteren tüm hayvanların (aşılılar dahil) bu enfeksiyon yönünden incelenmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• canine distemper virus
• epidemiyoloji
• real-time RT-PCR

Kaynakça

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