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İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 30.06.2024

Ezgi Sima Çelik

Öz

Mesaj yazarken cümlelerimizi tamamlamaktan sorduğumuz neredeyse her soruya cevap verebilen sohbet robotlarına kadar pek çok alanda yapay zekâ kullanılıyor. Popülaritesi her geçen gün artan yapay zekânın son zamanlardaki etkin kullanım alanlarından biri de işe alımdır. Yapay zekâ vasıtasıyla on binlerce işçi adayının özgeçmişi otomatik olarak değerlendirilebiliyor, sosyal medya platformları üzerinden potansiyel adaylar kolayca taranabiliyor. Bir diğer örnek uygulama da yapay zekâ destekli video mülakattır. Bu çalışmada hedeflenen, yapay zekâ destekli video mülakat uygulamalarının kişisel verilerin güvenliği kapsamında hukuki boyutunun incelenmesi ve gelecekte bu alanda karşımıza çıkabilecek muhtemel hak ihlallerine karşı çözüm önerileri geliştirmektir. Bu amaç ışığında hem yerli hem yabancı olmak üzere hukuki ve bilimsel akademik kaynaklar, haber kaynakları, çeşitli yasal düzenlemeler incelenmiştir. Kişisel veri güvenliğinin kendisi nispeten yeni bir hukuki araştırma alanıdır. Biliyoruz ki günümüzde bilgi güçtür. Bu da kişisel veri alanında atılacak hukuki adımların hayati önem taşıyacağı anlamına gelir. Alınacak her karar ve yapılacak her uygulama hiç kuşkusuz hepimizi yakından ilgilendirecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yapay Zekâ Kişisel Veri İşe Alım Video Mülakat

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, D. (2020, Eylül 26). 15 Amazing and Weird Technologies That’ll Change the World in the Next Few Decades. Interesting Engineering. https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/15-amazing-and-weird-technologies-thatll-change-the-world-in-the-next-few-decades
  • Antalya, O. G. (2019). Marmara Hukuk Yorumu Borçlar Hukuku Genel Hükümler Cilt: V/1,1 (C. 1). Seçkin Hukuk. Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act, HB2557 (2020). https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp?DocName=&SessionId=108&GA=101&DocTypeId=HB&DocNum=2557&GAID=15&LegID=&SpecSess=&Session=
  • Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi (1950).
  • Black, J. S., & Van Esch, P. (2020). AI-enabled recruiting: What is it and how should a manager use it?
  • Business Horizons, 63(2), 215-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.12.001
  • Burstein, A. J. (2020, Ocak 15). Employers Beware: The Illinois Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act Is Now in Effect. Kelley Drye. https://www.kelleydrye.com/viewpoints/blogs/ad-law-access/employers-beware-the-illinois-artificial-intelligence-video-interview-act-is-now-in-effect
  • Büyüksaği̇ş, E. (2021). Yapay Zeka Karşısında Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Ve Revizyon İhtiyacı.
  • Chen, Z. (2023). Ethics and discrimination in artificial intelligence-enabled recruitment practices. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02079-x
  • Copeland, B. J. (2023, Kasım 30). Artificial intelligence. https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence
  • Delvaux, M. (2016). Draft Report With Recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics.
  • Dougherty, C. (2015, Ocak 7). Google Photos Mistakenly Labels Black People ‘Gorillas’. The New York Times. https://archive.nytimes.com/bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/07/01/google-photos-mistakenly-labels-black-people-gorillas/
  • Du, S., & Martinez, A. M. (2015). Compound facial expressions of emotion: From basic research to clinical applications. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(4), 443-455. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.4/sdu
  • EU AI Act: First regulation on artificial intelligence. (2024, Haziran 18). European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20230601STO93804/eu-ai-act-first-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence
  • European Parliament. (2020, Ekim 20). European Parliament resolution of 20 October 2020 with recommendations to the Commission on a civil liability regime for artificial intelligence. EUR-Lex. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020IP0276
  • General Data Protection Regulation, 2016/679 (2018). https://gdpr-info.eu/
  • Harwell, D. (2019, Haziran 11). A face-scanning algorithm increasingly decides whether you deserve the job. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/10/22/ai-hiring-face-scanning-algorithm-increasingly-decides-whether-you-deserve-job/
  • Hunkenschroer, A. L., & Kriebitz, A. (2023). Is AI recruiting (un)ethical? A human rights perspective on the use of AI for hiring. AI and Ethics, 3(1), 199-213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-022-00166-4
  • Ishii, K. (2019). Comparative legal study on privacy and personal data protection for robots equipped with artificial intelligence: Looking at functional and technological aspects. AI & SOCIETY, 34(3), 509-533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-017-0758-8
  • Kambur, E. (2022). İş Görüşmelerinde Yapay Zeka. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20(1), 513-529. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.976034
  • Kammerer, B. (2022).
  • Hired by a Robot: The Legal Implications of Artificial Intelligence Video Interviews and
  • Advocating for Greater Protection of Job Applicants. IOWA LAW REVIEW, 107.
  • Kaya, T. (2022). İş Görüşmeleri Sürecinde İşçi Adayının Kişisel Verilerinin Korunması. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, 4(2).
  • Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Kanunu. (2016), 6698, 57 29677. https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=6698&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5
  • Kosinski, M. (2021). Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79310-1
  • Lepri, B., Oliver, N., Letouzé, E., Pentland, A., & Vinck, P. (2018). Fair, Transparent, and Accountable Algorithmic Decision-making Processes. Philosophy & Technology, 31(4), 611-627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-017-0279-x
  • Levin, S. (2017, Ağustos 9). New AI can guess whether you’re gay or straight from a photograph. The
  • Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/07/new-artificial-intelligence-can-tell-whether-youre-gay-or-straight-from-a-photograph
  • Oğuzman, M. K., & Öz, M. T. (t.y.). Borçlar Hukuku Genel Hükümler Cilt—1 (2020. bs, C. 1). Vedat Kitapçılık.
  • Puşcã, C. (2020). Legal Aspects on the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Creative Technologies, 7(24), 164174. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.13-7-2018.164174
  • Reuters, T. (Direktör). (2018, Ekim 29). Amazon scraps AI recruiting tool showing bias against women.
  • Schettler, L. (2019, Nisan 25). The Legal and Ethical Implications of Using AI in Hiring. Harvard Business
  • Review. https://hbr.org/2019/04/the-legal-and-ethical-implications-of-using-ai-in-hiring
  • Sevimli, K. A. (2006). İşçinin Özel Yaşamına Müdahalenin Sınırları. T. C. İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Suen, H.-Y., Hung, K.-E., & Lin, C.-L. (2019). TensorFlow-Based Automatic Personality Recognition Used in Asynchronous Video Interviews. IEEE Access, 7, 61018-61023. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2902863
  • Suen, H.-Y., Hung, K.-E., & Lin, C.-L. (2020). Intelligent video interview agent used to predict communication skill and perceived personality traits. Human-Centric Computing and Information Sciences, 10(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-020-0208-3
  • Torres, M. (2017, Temmuz 26). 2 million job candidates are desperate to work for Google. Why? Ladders. https://www.theladders.com/career-advice/2-million-job-candidates-google
  • Vatomsky, S. (2017, Eylül 13). When Societies Put Animals on Trial. JSTOR DAILY. https://daily.jstor.org/when-societies-put-animals-on-trial/
  • Vincent, J. (2018, Aralık 1). Google ‘fixed’ its racist algorithm by removing gorillas from its image-labeling tech. The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/1/12/16882408/google-racist-gorillas-photo-recognition-algorithm-ai
  • Vincent, J. (2019, Ocak 15). Facial recognition and AI could be used to identify rare genetic disorders. The
  • Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/15/18183779/facial-recognition-ai-algorithms-detect-rare-genetic-disorder-fdna
  • What is Privacy by Default ? (t.y.). CookieFirst. Geliş tarihi 03 Ağustos 2024, gönderen https://cookiefirst.com/what-is-privacy-by-default/
  • Yakacak, G. A., & Bozkurt Gümrükçüoğlu, Y. (2024). YAPAY ZEKANIN İŞE ALIM SÜREÇLERİNDE KULLANIMI VE ALGORİTMİK AYRIMCILIK. Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 72(4), 1701-1757. https://doi.org/10.33629/auhfd.1403311

Candidate's Personal Data Security in Recruitment: Artificial Intelligence Supported Video Interview Applications

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 30.06.2024

Ezgi Sima Çelik

Öz

Artificial intelligence is used in many areas, from completing our sentences while texting to chatbots that can answer almost every question we ask. One of the recent effective utilization areas of artificial intelligence, which is growing in popularity day by day, is recruitment. Through artificial intelligence, the resumes of tens of thousands of job candidates can be automatically evaluated, and potential candidates can be easily screened through social media platforms. Another example application is artificial intelligence video interviewing. The aim of this study is to examine the legal aspect of artificial intelligence-supported video interviewing applications in the framework of personal data security and to develop solutions against possible violations of rights that we may encounter in this field in the future. In the light of this purpose, legal and scientific academic sources, news sources and various legal regulations, both domestic and foreign, were analyzed. Personal data security itself is a relatively new area of legal research. We know that knowledge is power today. This means that the legal steps to be taken in the field of personal data will be of vital importance. Every decision to be taken and every practice to be made will undoubtedly concern us all closely.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Artificial Intelligence Personal Data Recruitment Video Interview

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, D. (2020, Eylül 26). 15 Amazing and Weird Technologies That’ll Change the World in the Next Few Decades. Interesting Engineering. https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/15-amazing-and-weird-technologies-thatll-change-the-world-in-the-next-few-decades
  • Antalya, O. G. (2019). Marmara Hukuk Yorumu Borçlar Hukuku Genel Hükümler Cilt: V/1,1 (C. 1). Seçkin Hukuk. Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act, HB2557 (2020). https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/fulltext.asp?DocName=&SessionId=108&GA=101&DocTypeId=HB&DocNum=2557&GAID=15&LegID=&SpecSess=&Session=
  • Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi (1950).
  • Black, J. S., & Van Esch, P. (2020). AI-enabled recruiting: What is it and how should a manager use it?
  • Business Horizons, 63(2), 215-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.12.001
  • Burstein, A. J. (2020, Ocak 15). Employers Beware: The Illinois Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act Is Now in Effect. Kelley Drye. https://www.kelleydrye.com/viewpoints/blogs/ad-law-access/employers-beware-the-illinois-artificial-intelligence-video-interview-act-is-now-in-effect
  • Büyüksaği̇ş, E. (2021). Yapay Zeka Karşısında Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Ve Revizyon İhtiyacı.
  • Chen, Z. (2023). Ethics and discrimination in artificial intelligence-enabled recruitment practices. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02079-x
  • Copeland, B. J. (2023, Kasım 30). Artificial intelligence. https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence
  • Delvaux, M. (2016). Draft Report With Recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics.
  • Dougherty, C. (2015, Ocak 7). Google Photos Mistakenly Labels Black People ‘Gorillas’. The New York Times. https://archive.nytimes.com/bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/07/01/google-photos-mistakenly-labels-black-people-gorillas/
  • Du, S., & Martinez, A. M. (2015). Compound facial expressions of emotion: From basic research to clinical applications. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(4), 443-455. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.4/sdu
  • EU AI Act: First regulation on artificial intelligence. (2024, Haziran 18). European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20230601STO93804/eu-ai-act-first-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence
  • European Parliament. (2020, Ekim 20). European Parliament resolution of 20 October 2020 with recommendations to the Commission on a civil liability regime for artificial intelligence. EUR-Lex. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020IP0276
  • General Data Protection Regulation, 2016/679 (2018). https://gdpr-info.eu/
  • Harwell, D. (2019, Haziran 11). A face-scanning algorithm increasingly decides whether you deserve the job. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/10/22/ai-hiring-face-scanning-algorithm-increasingly-decides-whether-you-deserve-job/
  • Hunkenschroer, A. L., & Kriebitz, A. (2023). Is AI recruiting (un)ethical? A human rights perspective on the use of AI for hiring. AI and Ethics, 3(1), 199-213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-022-00166-4
  • Ishii, K. (2019). Comparative legal study on privacy and personal data protection for robots equipped with artificial intelligence: Looking at functional and technological aspects. AI & SOCIETY, 34(3), 509-533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-017-0758-8
  • Kambur, E. (2022). İş Görüşmelerinde Yapay Zeka. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 20(1), 513-529. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.976034
  • Kammerer, B. (2022).
  • Hired by a Robot: The Legal Implications of Artificial Intelligence Video Interviews and
  • Advocating for Greater Protection of Job Applicants. IOWA LAW REVIEW, 107.
  • Kaya, T. (2022). İş Görüşmeleri Sürecinde İşçi Adayının Kişisel Verilerinin Korunması. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, 4(2).
  • Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Kanunu. (2016), 6698, 57 29677. https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=6698&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5
  • Kosinski, M. (2021). Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79310-1
  • Lepri, B., Oliver, N., Letouzé, E., Pentland, A., & Vinck, P. (2018). Fair, Transparent, and Accountable Algorithmic Decision-making Processes. Philosophy & Technology, 31(4), 611-627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-017-0279-x
  • Levin, S. (2017, Ağustos 9). New AI can guess whether you’re gay or straight from a photograph. The
  • Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/07/new-artificial-intelligence-can-tell-whether-youre-gay-or-straight-from-a-photograph
  • Oğuzman, M. K., & Öz, M. T. (t.y.). Borçlar Hukuku Genel Hükümler Cilt—1 (2020. bs, C. 1). Vedat Kitapçılık.
  • Puşcã, C. (2020). Legal Aspects on the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Creative Technologies, 7(24), 164174. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.13-7-2018.164174
  • Reuters, T. (Direktör). (2018, Ekim 29). Amazon scraps AI recruiting tool showing bias against women.
  • Schettler, L. (2019, Nisan 25). The Legal and Ethical Implications of Using AI in Hiring. Harvard Business
  • Review. https://hbr.org/2019/04/the-legal-and-ethical-implications-of-using-ai-in-hiring
  • Sevimli, K. A. (2006). İşçinin Özel Yaşamına Müdahalenin Sınırları. T. C. İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Suen, H.-Y., Hung, K.-E., & Lin, C.-L. (2019). TensorFlow-Based Automatic Personality Recognition Used in Asynchronous Video Interviews. IEEE Access, 7, 61018-61023. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2902863
  • Suen, H.-Y., Hung, K.-E., & Lin, C.-L. (2020). Intelligent video interview agent used to predict communication skill and perceived personality traits. Human-Centric Computing and Information Sciences, 10(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-020-0208-3
  • Torres, M. (2017, Temmuz 26). 2 million job candidates are desperate to work for Google. Why? Ladders. https://www.theladders.com/career-advice/2-million-job-candidates-google
  • Vatomsky, S. (2017, Eylül 13). When Societies Put Animals on Trial. JSTOR DAILY. https://daily.jstor.org/when-societies-put-animals-on-trial/
  • Vincent, J. (2018, Aralık 1). Google ‘fixed’ its racist algorithm by removing gorillas from its image-labeling tech. The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/1/12/16882408/google-racist-gorillas-photo-recognition-algorithm-ai
  • Vincent, J. (2019, Ocak 15). Facial recognition and AI could be used to identify rare genetic disorders. The
  • Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/15/18183779/facial-recognition-ai-algorithms-detect-rare-genetic-disorder-fdna
  • What is Privacy by Default ? (t.y.). CookieFirst. Geliş tarihi 03 Ağustos 2024, gönderen https://cookiefirst.com/what-is-privacy-by-default/
  • Yakacak, G. A., & Bozkurt Gümrükçüoğlu, Y. (2024). YAPAY ZEKANIN İŞE ALIM SÜREÇLERİNDE KULLANIMI VE ALGORİTMİK AYRIMCILIK. Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 72(4), 1701-1757. https://doi.org/10.33629/auhfd.1403311
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kişisel Veriler ve Gizlilik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ezgi Sima Çelik 0009-0001-8255-882X

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Haziran 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 27 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, E. S. (2024). İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, 6(1), 1-13.
AMA Çelik ES. İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi. Haziran 2024;6(1):1-13.
Chicago Çelik, Ezgi Sima. “İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI”. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi 6, sy. 1 (Haziran 2024): 1-13.
EndNote Çelik ES (01 Haziran 2024) İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi 6 1 1–13.
IEEE E. S. Çelik, “İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI”, Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 1–13, 2024.
ISNAD Çelik, Ezgi Sima. “İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI”. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi 6/1 (Haziran 2024), 1-13.
JAMA Çelik ES. İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi. 2024;6:1–13.
MLA Çelik, Ezgi Sima. “İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI”. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 1-13.
Vancouver Çelik ES. İŞE ALIMDA ADAYIN KİŞİSEL VERİ GÜVENLİĞİ: YAPAY ZEKA DESTEKLİ VİDEO MÜLAKAT UYGULAMALARI. Kişisel Verileri Koruma Dergisi. 2024;6(1):1-13.
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