Effect of Melatonin on Development, Survival Rate and Immune Response in the Juveniles of Freshwater Crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on growth, survival and immune response (total hemocyte counts) of Pontastacus leptodactylus juveniles (stage II-IV). With this aim, five separate groups with 4 replicates were formed by adding melatonin at the doses of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 mg/kg to the trial feed. The experiments was conducted using stage II P. leptodactylus juveniles which fed for 60 days. During the experiments, a 50% water change once a day and continuous ventilation was provided. Stock density was determined as 20 juveniles for each replicate tank. The juveniles were fed at rate of 5% of their body weight once a day. The average initial weight and total length of juveniles were 34 ± 4 mg and 11.6 ± 0.4 mm, repectively. At the end of the experiment, the maximum average total length (22.0 ± 3.6 mm) was in the group fed with 2 mg/kg melatonin containing diet, the best average live weight (216 ± 116 mg) was in the group fed with 4 mg/kg melatonin containing diet, the highest survival rate (44.4 ± 13.9%) was in the 2 mg/kg melatonin group and the highest average total hemocyte count (2.27 ± 0.49 x 106 cells/ml) was in the 2 mg/kg melatonin group. However, the differences between the groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). As a result of this study, it was determined that feeding with melatonin supplemented feed have no significant effect on growth, survival and immune response of P. leptodactylus juveniles.

Keywords

• crayfish
• pontastacus leptodactylus
• melatonin
• survival rate
• growth

Melatonin’in Tatlısu İstakozu (Pontastacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) Yavrularında Gelişim, Hayatta Kalma Oranı ve Bağışıklık Yanıtı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı melatoninin, Pontastacus leptodactylus yavrularının (II-IV. dönem) gelişim, hayatta kalma oranı ve bağışıklık yanıtı (total hemosit sayısı) üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Melatonin dozları 0, 0,5, 1, 2, 4 mg / kg oranında deneme yemine ilave edilerek 4 tekerrürlü 5 ayrı grup şeklinde deneme grupları oluşturulmuştur. Denemeler, II. Dönem P. leptodactylus yavruları ile kurulmuş ve 60 gün süre ile besleme yapılmıştır. Deneme süresince günde bir kez %50 oranında su değişimi ve sürekli bir havalandırma sağlanmıştır. Stok yoğunluğu her deneme tekerrürü için 20 yavru olarak belirlenmiştir. Yavrular, günde bir kez canlı ağırlıklarının %5’i oranında beslenmiştir. Yavruların başlangıç ortalama ağırlık ve total boyları 34 ± 4 mg ve 11,6 ± 0,4 mm olarak belirlenmiştir. Deneme sonunda en yüksek ortalama total boy 22,0 ± 3,6 mm olarak 2 mg/kg melatonin içeren grupta, en iyi ortalama canlı ağırlık 216 ± 116 mg olarak 4 mg/kg melatonin grubunda, en iyi yaşama oranı %44,4 ± 13,9 olarak 2 mg / kg melatonin doz grubunda ve en yüksek ortalama total hemosit miktarı ise 2,27 ± 0,49 x 106 hücre/ml olarak yine 2 mg/kg melatonin doz grubunda elde edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte gruplar arasındaki farklar istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmamıştır (p > 0,05). Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada
P. leptodactylus yavrularının gelişim, hayatta kalma oranı ve bağışıklık yanıtı üzerinde melatonin katkılı yemler ile beslemenin önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kerevit
• pontastacus leptodactylus
• malatonin
• hayatta kalma oranı
• gelişim

Kaynakça

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