Araştırma Makalesi

A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views

Sayı: 79 31 Temmuz 2026
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A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views

Öz

Literacy is a fundamental skill that, when acquired during the critical early years, enables individuals to succeed across multiple domains throughout life. However, students who fail to acquire literacy skills during primary school often face significant challenges in their subsequent academic and social lives. This study investigates the underlying causes of literacy and reading comprehension difficulties among students who failed to acquire literacy skills in first grade—a critical period for literacy development—and who were later identified as struggling with reading and writing in subsequent grades, based on the perspectives of teachers and school administrators. The study employed a qualitative case study design. Participants consisted of 15 teachers and 8 school administrators working at primary and lower secondary school levels, selected through maximum variation sampling. Data were collected throughout the 2023–2024 academic year using semi-structured interviews, monthly progress reports, and systematic classroom observations, and were analyzed using content analysis. Data were transcribed, followed by open coding to identify meaningful units; the resulting codes were grouped into categories and organized under overarching themes, with the constant comparative method applied throughout. The analysis revealed four main themes contributing to students' literacy acquisition difficulties: (1) personal factors, encompassing cognitive and emotional characteristics; (2) environmental factors, including family, school, and socio-economic context; (3) contextual factors, related to curricula and instructional materials; and (4) unforeseen factors, such as teacher changes and family crises. These four thematic domains highlight the multidimensional and interconnected nature of literacy difficulties, indicating that effective intervention strategies should simultaneously address individual, environmental, and contextual factors. The findings underscore the importance of early identification and support mechanisms and offer implications for teacher education programs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Adams, M. J. (1990). Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print. MIT Press.
  2. Akyol, H. (2010a). Okuma bozukluğu olan bir öğrencinin okuma ve yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesine yönelik bir durum çalışması [A case study on improving the reading and writing skills of a student with reading disorder]. Education Sciences, 5(4), 1690–1700. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/nwsaedu/issue/19822/212236
  3. Akyol, H. (2010b). Türkçe ilkokuma yazma öğretimi [Teaching initial literacy in Turkish]. PegemA.
  4. Akyol, H. (2019). Türkçe öğretim yöntemleri [Turkish teaching methods]. Pegem Akademi. https://depo.pegem.net/9786053640011.pdf
  5. Akyol, H., & Yıldız, M. (2010, May). Okuma bozukluğu olan bir öğrencinin okuma ve yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesine yönelik bir durum çalışması [A case study on improving the reading and writing skills of a student with reading disorder]. Paper presented at the 9th National Classroom Teacher Education Symposium, Elazığ, Turkey.
  6. Altun, T., Ekiz, D., & Odabaşı, M. (2011). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıflarında karşılaştıkları okuma güçlüklerine ilişkin nitel bir araştırma [A qualitative research on reading difficulties encountered by classroom teachers in their classes]. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (17), 1–18. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/zgefd/issue/47948/606654
  7. Altunkaya, H. (2017). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin dinleme ve okuma kaygıları [Listening and reading anxieties of learners of Turkish as a foreign language]. Education Sciences, 12(3), 107–121. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/nwsaedu/issue/30288/300770
  8. Bailet, L. L., Repper, K. K., Piasta, S. B., Murphy, S. P., & Zettler-Greeley, C. M. (2009). Emergent literacy intervention for prekindergarteners at risk for reading failure. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 42(4), 336–355. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219409335218

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Eğitim Yönetimi, Kapsayıcı Eğitim

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Temmuz 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

6 Eylül 2025

Kabul Tarihi

29 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 79

Kaynak Göster

APA
Öztürk, C. (2026). A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, 79, 18-47. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1779251
AMA
1.Öztürk C. A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 2026;(79):18-47. doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1779251
Chicago
Öztürk, Cebrail. 2026. “A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, sy 79: 18-47. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1779251.
EndNote
Öztürk C (01 Temmuz 2026) A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty 79 18–47.
IEEE
[1]C. Öztürk, “A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, sy 79, ss. 18–47, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.21764/maeuefd.1779251.
ISNAD
Öztürk, Cebrail. “A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 79 (01 Temmuz 2026): 18-47. https://doi.org/10.21764/maeuefd.1779251.
JAMA
1.Öztürk C. A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 2026;:18–47.
MLA
Öztürk, Cebrail. “A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, sy 79, Temmuz 2026, ss. 18-47, doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1779251.
Vancouver
1.Cebrail Öztürk. A case study on the causes of students’ reading, writing, and reading comprehension difficulties according to teachers’ and administrators’ views. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty. 01 Temmuz 2026;(79):18-47. doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1779251

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