Enerji Verimliliği İçin Tren Direnci Formüllerinin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Trenler bölgeler arasında ulaşımı sağlarken farklı koşullar ile karşılaşırlar. Seyir, rampa, kurp ve hızlanma durumları belirli ölçülerde dirençlere yol açar. Hareketin devamlılığının sağlanması meydana gelen dirençlerin üstesinden gelmeye bağlıdır. Bu dirençlerin üstesinden gelebilmek için uygun şekilde uygulanabilecek kuvvetlere gereksinim vardır. Kuvvetin temini enerji tüketilerek meydana getirilir. Ortaya çıkan dirençlerin doğru hesaplanması ve önlemler alınarak azaltılması ile enerji tüketimi azaltılabilir. Trenlerde enerji verimliliğine yönelik çalışmalar öncelikle tren direncinin farklı koşullar için doğru olarak hesaplanması ile mümkündür. Bu çalışmada literatürde bulunan, pratikte kullanılan, geçmişten günümüze geliştirilen tren direnci formülleri verilmiştir. Her bir tren direnci formülü ile hesaplama yapılmıştır. Elde edilen değerler karşılaştırılmıştır. Enerji verimliliği ve tren çekeri hesaplamaları için mevcut formüllerden bazılarının kullanımı önerilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Enerji,Tren Direnci,Seyir Direnci,Kurp Direnci,Rampa Direnci

Comparison of Train Resistance Formulas for Energy Efficiency

Öz

Trains encounter different conditions while they provide transportation between regions. Running, grade, curve and acceleration situations lead to certain degrees of resistance. Ensuring the continuity of the train movement depend on overcoming the resistances. Force is required to encounter these resistances. Force is generated with energy consumption. Energy consumption can be reduced by correct calculation of resistances and precautions. Studies on energy efficiency of trains are primarily possible with correctly calculation train resistance for different conditions. In this study, train resistance formulas in the literature, used in practice and developed from the past to present are reviewed. Each train resistance formula is evaluated. The values obtained are compared. The use of some of the available formulas for energy efficiency and train draw calculations has been proposed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Energy,train resistance,running resistance,curve resistance,grade resistance

Kaynakça

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