ÇOK ULUSLU ŞİRKETLERDE KURUMSAL KURAMIN ÖNGÖRDÜĞÜ MEŞRUİYET KAZANMA VE EŞBİÇİMLİLİK ÇABALARINA KOŞUL BAĞIMLILIK KURAMI AÇISINDAN BİR BAKIŞ

Yıl 2019, , 293 - 315, 28.09.2019

Cem Şen

https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.421251

Öz

Bu çalışmada, her ne kadar meşruiyet kazanma ve eşbiçimlilik kavramları kurumsal kurama ait kavramlar olsa da, söz konusu kavramların yerel şirketler için taşıdığı anlamın çok uluslu şirketlerde farklı etkilere sahip olabildiği ve koşul bağımlılık faktörlerine göre değişebildiği sorunsalından yola çıkılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, yeni kurumsal kuram kapsamındaki meşruiyet kazanma ve eşbiçimlilik kavramlarının çok uluslu şirketler tarafından nasıl ele alındığı ve uygulamalarının diğer yerel örgütlerden farklı olup olmadığı koşul bağımlılık faktörleri bağlamında tartışılmaktadır. Özellikle gerekli kaynaklara ulaşma konusunda gerektiğinde kendi ana ülkeleri ve onların kurumlarını, gerektiğinde de faaliyet gösterdiği ev sahibi ülkeler ve onların kurumlarını referans alabilen çok uluslu şirketlerin kendi ana ülkelerinden (iç) ve ev sahibi ülkelerden kaynaklanan (dış) bir kurumsal ikilik (institutional duality) yaşadıkları ifade edilebilir. Çalışma ile çok uluslu şirketler için meşruiyet kazanma ve eşbiçimliliğin hayatta kalma şansını artırmanın tek ve gerek şartı olmadığı açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çok uluslu şirketlerin bu özel durumu, yeni kurumsal kuramın öne sürdüğü kavramlara koşul bağımlılık kuramı çerçevesinde yaklaşılarak örgüt kuramları yazınının zenginleştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çok Uluslu Şirketler, Meşruiyet Kazanma, Eşbiçimlilik, Kurumsal Kuram, Koşul Bağımlılık Kuramı

AN OVERVIEW FROM THE CONTINGENCY THEORY PERSPECTIVE ON LEGITIMIZATION AND ISOMORPHISM EFFORTS ENVISAGED BY INSTITUTIONAL THEORY IN MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS

Öz

In this study, although the concepts of gaining legitimacy and isomorphism are the concepts of institutional theory, the problem arises from the problem that the meaning of these concepts for local companies may have different effects on multinational corporations and may vary according to the contingency theory factors. In this regard, the question of how the concepts of legitimacy and isomorphism within the new institutional theory is addressed by multi-national corporations and whether its implementation differs from other local organizations is being debated in terms of context contingency factors. Especially when it comes to accessing the resources, it is necessary for the multi-national corporations, which can refer to the rules and regulations of either their home countries or host countries, which clearly causes duality. It has been tried to explain that for multi-national companies it is not the unique and required the condition to have legitimacy and isomorphism to survive. This particular case of multi-national companies has been led to examine the concepts of institutional theory from the contingency theory perspective, hence contribute to the management and organization theory literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multi-National Enterprises, Legitimization, Isomorphism, Institutional Theory, Contingency Theory

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