GÖÇMEN GİRİŞİMCİLİK BAĞLAMINDA SURİYELİ GÖÇMENLERİN HATAY İLİNE OLAN EKONOMİK KATKILARI - ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF SYRIAN IMMIGRANTS TO THE HATAY PROVINCE IN THE CONTEXT OF IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Yıl 2018, , 897 - 909, 30.12.2018

Gökhan Özkul , Sevdagül Dengiz

https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.477418

Cited By: 3

Öz

Girişimcilere, ne oldukları ve ne yaptıkları hakkında farklı isimler ve terimler verilmektedir. Bu anlamda girişimcilere ilişkin verilen farklı isimlerden biri de göçmen girişimcidir. Göç ile ilişkili olan göçmen girişimci kavramı bir ülkede bulunan göçmen tüm gruplar tarafından icra edilen girişimcilik faaliyetleri olarak ifade edilmektedir. 2011 yılında Suriye’de yaşanmaya başlayan iç karışıklıkla birlikte Türkiye’ye 3,5 milyonu aşkın mültecinin göç etmesi göçmen girişimcilik kavramının Türkiye’de de popüler olmaya başlamasına neden olmuştur. Türkiye’de Suriyeli göçmenlerin en yoğun olarak yaşadığı bölgelerden biri ise Hatay ilidir. Bu göçmenlerin bir kısmı geçimlerini sağlamak için çeşitli sektörlerde girişimcilik faaliyetinde bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada ilk olarak Suriyeli göçmen girişimcilerle girişimci olmayanlar arasındaki temel farklılıklar ele alınmıştır. Ardından ise Suriyeli göçmen girişimcilerin Hatay ekonomisine yapmış olduğu ekonomik katkı göçmen girişimcilerin bölgede yapmış olduğu yatırım miktarı ve yerli halka sağlamış oldukları istihdam açısından logit modeliyle incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Suriyeli göçmen girişimcilerin yatırım miktarı üzerinde göçmen girişimcinin medeni durumunun, cinsiyetinin, anne/babasının iş tecrübesinin ve cirosunun etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Yine göçmen girişimcilerin yerli halka sağlamış olduğu istihdam üzerinde ise göçmen girişimcinin medeni durumunun, yaşamının büyük bir bölümünü geçirdiği yerin, aile işletmesi olmasının, diğer Suriyeli göçmenlerle işbirliği yapmasının, Türkçe bilmesinin, toplam istihdam sayısının ve cirosunun etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göç, Göçün Ekonomik Etkileri, Göçmen Girişimcilik, Suriyeli Göçmenler, Hatay İli

ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF SYRIAN IMMIGRANTS TO THE HATAY PROVINCE IN THE CONTEXT OF IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP - GÖÇMEN GİRİŞİMCİLİK BAĞLAMINDA SURİYELİ GÖÇMENLERİN HATAY İLİNE OLAN EKONOMİK KATKILARI

Öz

Entrepreneurs are given different names and terms about what they are and what they do. In this sense, one of the different names given to entrepreneurs is an immigrant entrepreneur. The concept of immigrant entrepreneur associated with immigration is expressed as entrepreneurship activities carried out by all groups of immigrants in a country. More than 3.5 million refugees immigrate from Syria to Turkey together with internal disturbance which started in 2011, immigrant entrepreneurship concept in Turkey has also been due to start to be popular. One of the regions where the most intense of Syrian immigrants is the Hatay province in Turkey. In this context, firstly, the main differences between Syrian migrant entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs are discussed. Then the economic contribution of the Syrian immigrant entrepreneurs to the economy of Hatay was examined with the logit model in terms of the amount of investment made by immigrant entrepreneurs in the region and the employment they provided to the indigenous people. According to the findings, it was found that the marital status, gender, mother/father work experience and turnover of the entrepreneur embedding on the investment amount of Syrian immigrant entrepreneurs were effective. Furthermore, It was concluded that the entrepreneur's marital status, the place where he spent most of his life, being family business, cooperating with other Syrian immigrants, speaking Turkish, the total number of employment and the turnover were effective on employment that immigrant entrepreneurs have provided indigenous.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Immigration, Economic Impact of Immigration, Immigrant Entrepreneurship, Syrian Immigrants, Hatay Province

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