Akademisyenlerin Etik Dışı Davranışlarına Yönelik Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Görüşleri

Öz

Küresel yükseöğretim sistemleri ve onların paydaşları, artan rekabet, değişen yönetim anlayışı, azalan akademik özgürlük ve liyakatle etik uygulamalara meydan okuyan neo-liberal politikaların dönüştürücü etkilerinden oldukça etkilenmiştir. Bu etkileri göz önünde bulundurarak, bu çalışma, akademisyenlerin, öğretim ve değerlendirmeden, öğrencilere karşı olan görevlerine kadar tüm etik dışı uygulamalarına dair Türk üniversite öğrencilerinin algılarını incelemeyi hedeflemiştir. Nitel çalışmadaki 23 Türk öğrenci ile yapılan görüşme verileri Hofstede’in Kültürel Boyutlar Modeli üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Genel izlenim, öğrencilerin, akademik davranış kurallarına ilişkin yüksek derecede bilince sahip oldukları yönündedir. Ana bulgular ise, en sık rastlanan ilk beş etik dışı davranışın “kayırma, profesyonel yetersizlik, küçük düşürme, otonomi-sorumluluk ikilemi ve sözlü istismar” olduğunu gösterirken az sayıda katılımcının, sorun çıkarmaktan çekindikleri ya da durumun düzelmeyeceğine inandıkları için, etik-dışı uygulamalara karşı haklarını savunmuş olduğu şeklindedir. Kısaca temel öneriler: akademik liderlerin, bağımsız bir grup tarafından yürütülen, tacize karşı bir ofis oluşturmaları; fakülte üyelerinin, adil bir yaklaşıma sahip ve geri bildirime açık olmaları; öğrencilerin ise fakülte üyelerine kaygılarını belirtmeleri, gerektiğinde yetkililere şikayette bulunmaları ve akademik etik alanında bilgilerini daha da artırmaları yönündedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etik Dışı Uygulamalar
• Hofstede Modeli
• Kültür
• Öğretim Elemanları
• Üniversite Öğrencileri
• Unethical Practces

University Students’ Perceptions about Unethical Faculty Practices

Abstract

Global higher education systems and their stakeholders have substantially been affected by the transformative effects of neoliberal policies that challenged ethical practices through increasing competition, changing managerial understanding, diminishing academic freedom and meritocracy. Considering these effects, this research aims to investigate Turkish university students’ perceptions about unethical practices of faculty ranging from teaching and assessment to their service duties for students. In this qualitative study, 23 Turkish university students’ interview data were evaluated from The Cultural Dimensions Model of Hofstede. The overall impression was that students had high consciousness about academic codes of conduct. As to the major findings, while the top five frequently experienced unethical practices were “favoritism, professional incompetence, humiliation, autonomy vs. responsibility dilemma and verbal abuse”, only a few students defended their rights against unethical practices because they did not want to cause a problem or they had disbelief in positive change. The main implications of this study are for academic leaders to establish an anti-harassment office run by an independent body, for faculty to adopt a fair approach and be open to feedback, and for students to report concerns to faculty, make a complaint to authorities when necessary and develop their knowledge of academic ethics.

Keywords

• Unethical Practices
• Hofstede Model
• Culture
• Faculty Members
• University Students

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