Araştırma Makalesi
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Diaspora Politikası İçin Bir Stratejik Uygulama Önerisi: Yurtdışı Temsilciliklerine Diaspora Kökenli Kamu Görevlilerinin Atanması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 867 - 884, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1800657

Öz

Bu makale, Türkiye’nin yurtdışındaki diplomatik ve konsüler temsilciliklerinde görev alacak kamu görevlilerinin, ilgili ülkelerde mukim Türk diasporası mensuplarından seçilmesi gerektiği yönündeki öneriyi çok boyutlu biçimde tartışmaktadır. Günümüz uluslararası ilişkiler sisteminde diaspora toplulukları, yalnızca kültürel birer uzantı değil, aynı zamanda anavatan devletlerinin dış politika, kamu diplomasisi ve yumuşak güç stratejilerinde aktif roller üstlenen önemli aktörler haline gelmiştir. Bu dönüşüm doğrultusunda diaspora bireylerinin kamu hizmeti süreçlerine daha doğrudan biçimde dahil edilmesi, temsil kapasitesinin artırılması açısından stratejik bir değer taşımaktadır. Çalışmada diaspora kavramının teorik çerçevesi ve temsil ilişkisinin dönüşümü analiz edilmiş; diaspora kökenli bireylerin kültürel aracılık, dil yetkinliği, yerel bağlam bilgisi ve sosyal sermaye gibi avantajları ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Bununla birlikte, bu öneriye yöneltilen liyakat, güvenlik, siyasal tarafsızlık ve bürokratik uyum gibi eleştiriler de çok yönlü biçimde tartışılmış; bu kaygılara yönelik çözümleyici ve uygulamaya dönük politika önerileri geliştirilmiştir. Öne çıkan politika araçları arasında diaspora yetenek havuzlarının oluşturulması, kamu diplomasisine yönelik özel eğitim programları, temsilciliklerde diaspora kontenjanı tahsisi ve gençlere yönelik kamu staj programları yer almaktadır. Makale, diaspora kökenli kamu görevlilerinin Türkiye’nin yurtdışındaki temsil yapısını güçlendireceği, kamu hizmeti kalitesini artıracağı ve devlet-diaspora ilişkisini daha katılımcı bir zemine taşıyacağı sonucuna ulaşmaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Bu makale Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine uygundur. Beyan edilecek herhangi bir çıkar çatışması yoktur. Araştırmanın ortaya konulmasında herhangi bir mali destek alınmamıştır. Makale yazım ve intihal/benzerlik açısından kontrol edilmiştir. Makale, “en az iki dış hakem” ve “çift taraflı körleme” yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Yazar(lar), dergiye imzalı “Telif Devir Formu” belgesi göndermişlerdir. Mevcut çalışma için mevzuat gereği etik izni alınmaya ihtiyaç yoktur. Bu konuda yazarlar tarafından dergiye “Etik İznine Gerek Olmadığına Dair Beyan Formu” gönderilmiştir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Araştırmanın ortaya konulmasında herhangi bir mali destek alınmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • ABADAN-UNAT, Nermin (2011), Bitmeyen Göç: Konuk İşçilikten Ulus-ötesi Yurttaşlığa, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • ANHOLT, Simon (2007), Competitive Identity: The New Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions, Palgrave MacMillan Publishing, London.
  • AYDIN, Yaşar (2012), The New Turkish Diaspora Policy: Its Aims, Their Limits and the Challenges for Associations of People of Turkish Origin and Decision-Makers in Germany, SWP Comments, 29/2012, ss.1-7.
  • BLOEMRAAD, Irene (2006), Becoming a Citizen: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada, University of California Press, California.
  • BOURDIEU, Pierre (1986), “The Forms of Capital”, Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (Ed. John G. Richardson), Greenwood Press, Westport - Connecticut, ss.241-258.
  • BRUBAKER, Rogers (2005), “The 'Diaspora' Diaspora”, Ethnic and Racial Studies, S.28(1), ss.1–19.
  • COLEMAN, James S. (1988), “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”, American Journal of Sociology, S.94(Supplement), ss.95-120.
  • COLLYER, Michael (2013), Emigration Nations: Policies and Ideologies of Emigration, Palgrave MacMillan Publishing, London.
  • CONSTANTINOU, Costas (2013), “Between Statecraft and Humanism: Diplomacy and its Forms of Knowledge”, The International Studies Review, S.15(2), ss.141-162.
  • FAIST, Thomas (2000), The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Spaces, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • FAIST, Thomas (2010), Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam.
  • GAMLEN, Alan (2008), “The Emigration State and the Modern Geopolitical Imagination”, Political Geography, S.27(8), ss.840-856.
  • KAYA, Ayhan ve KENTEL, Ferhat (2005), Euro-Turks: A Bridge or a Breach between Turkey and the European Union?, Centre for European Policy Studies, Belgium.
  • LEVITT, Peggy ve GLICK SCHILLER, Nina (2004), “Conceptualizing Simultaneity: A Transnational Social Field Perspective on Society”, International Migration Review, S.38(3), ss.1002–1039.
  • MELISSEN, Jan (2005), The New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations, Palgrave MacMillan Publishing, London.
  • MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS - MEA (2021), Annual Report 2020–2021, Government of India, https://www.mea.gov.in/annual-reports.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2025).
  • NYE, Joseph S. (2004), Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, Public Affairs Publishing, New York.
  • OECD (2022), Serving Citizens: Strategies for Better Service Delivery, OECD Publishing, Paris.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Touchstone Books/Simon & Schuster Publishing, New York.
  • RAGAZZI, Francesco (2014), “A Comparative Analysis of Diaspora Policies”, Political Geography, S.41, ss.74-89.
  • SHAIN, Yossi ve BARTH, Aharon (2003), “Diasporas and International Relations Theory”, International Organization, S.57(3), ss.449-479.
  • SHEFFER, Gabriel (2003), Diaspora Politics: At Home Abroad, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • STATISTISCHES, Bundesamt (2021), Bildung und Migration: Bericht 2021, Destatis, https://www.destatis.de (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2025).
  • TRIADAFILOPOULOS, Triadafilos (2011), Becoming Multicultural: Immigration and the Politics of Membership in Canada and Germany, UBC Press, Canada.
  • VARADARAJAN, Latha (2010), The Domestic Abroad: Diasporas in International Relations, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • VERTOVEC, Steven (2009), Transnationalism, Routledge Publishing, Oxfordshire.
  • YÜKLEYEN, Ahmet (2009), “Localizing Islam in Europe: Turkish Islamic Communities in Germany and the Netherlands”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, S.35(5), ss.837-851.

A Strategic Policy Proposal on Diaspora Policy: Appointing Public Officials with Diaspora Backgrounds to Overseas Missions

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 867 - 884, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1800657

Öz

This article discusses, within a multidimensional framework, the proposal that public officials appointed to Turkey’s diplomatic and consular missions abroad should be selected from among members of the Turkish diaspora residing in the respective host countries. In the contemporary international relations system, diaspora communities have evolved from being mere cultural extensions of their homelands into becoming active actors in the foreign policy, public diplomacy, and soft power strategies of their home states. Within this transformation, the direct inclusion of diaspora individuals in public service processes represents a strategic approach to enhance the state’s capacity for representation and communication. The study begins by analyzing the theoretical framework of the diaspora concept and the evolving nature of representation. It then outlines the unique advantages that diaspora-origin individuals can offer in public service, such as cultural brokerage, bilingualism, local contextual knowledge, and embedded social capital. At the same time, the paper critically engages with potential concerns—such as meritocracy, national security, political neutrality, and bureaucratic integration—that may arise regarding the appointment of diaspora members to official positions. Each of these criticisms is addressed through structured, policy-oriented responses. Policy proposals include the creation of diaspora talent pools, the implementation of certified public diplomacy training programs, the allocation of diaspora-specific recruitment quotas for foreign mission, and development of internship programs aimed at diaspora youth. The paper concludes that integrating diaspora-origin professionals into Turkiye’s overseas public service structure can enhance both representational capacity and the quality of service delivery.

Etik Beyan

This paper complies with Research and Publication Ethics, has no conflict of interest to declare, and has received no financial support. The article has been checked for spelling and plagiarism/similarity. The article was evaluated by "at least two external referees" and "double blinding" method. The author(s) sent a signed "Copyright Transfer Form" to the journal. There is no need to obtain ethical permission for the current study as per the legislation. The "Declaration Form Regarding No Ethics Permission Required" was sent to the journal by the authors on this subject.

Destekleyen Kurum

No financial support was received for the conduct of the research.

Kaynakça

  • ABADAN-UNAT, Nermin (2011), Bitmeyen Göç: Konuk İşçilikten Ulus-ötesi Yurttaşlığa, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • ANHOLT, Simon (2007), Competitive Identity: The New Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions, Palgrave MacMillan Publishing, London.
  • AYDIN, Yaşar (2012), The New Turkish Diaspora Policy: Its Aims, Their Limits and the Challenges for Associations of People of Turkish Origin and Decision-Makers in Germany, SWP Comments, 29/2012, ss.1-7.
  • BLOEMRAAD, Irene (2006), Becoming a Citizen: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada, University of California Press, California.
  • BOURDIEU, Pierre (1986), “The Forms of Capital”, Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (Ed. John G. Richardson), Greenwood Press, Westport - Connecticut, ss.241-258.
  • BRUBAKER, Rogers (2005), “The 'Diaspora' Diaspora”, Ethnic and Racial Studies, S.28(1), ss.1–19.
  • COLEMAN, James S. (1988), “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”, American Journal of Sociology, S.94(Supplement), ss.95-120.
  • COLLYER, Michael (2013), Emigration Nations: Policies and Ideologies of Emigration, Palgrave MacMillan Publishing, London.
  • CONSTANTINOU, Costas (2013), “Between Statecraft and Humanism: Diplomacy and its Forms of Knowledge”, The International Studies Review, S.15(2), ss.141-162.
  • FAIST, Thomas (2000), The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Spaces, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • FAIST, Thomas (2010), Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam.
  • GAMLEN, Alan (2008), “The Emigration State and the Modern Geopolitical Imagination”, Political Geography, S.27(8), ss.840-856.
  • KAYA, Ayhan ve KENTEL, Ferhat (2005), Euro-Turks: A Bridge or a Breach between Turkey and the European Union?, Centre for European Policy Studies, Belgium.
  • LEVITT, Peggy ve GLICK SCHILLER, Nina (2004), “Conceptualizing Simultaneity: A Transnational Social Field Perspective on Society”, International Migration Review, S.38(3), ss.1002–1039.
  • MELISSEN, Jan (2005), The New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations, Palgrave MacMillan Publishing, London.
  • MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS - MEA (2021), Annual Report 2020–2021, Government of India, https://www.mea.gov.in/annual-reports.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2025).
  • NYE, Joseph S. (2004), Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics, Public Affairs Publishing, New York.
  • OECD (2022), Serving Citizens: Strategies for Better Service Delivery, OECD Publishing, Paris.
  • PUTNAM, Robert D. (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Touchstone Books/Simon & Schuster Publishing, New York.
  • RAGAZZI, Francesco (2014), “A Comparative Analysis of Diaspora Policies”, Political Geography, S.41, ss.74-89.
  • SHAIN, Yossi ve BARTH, Aharon (2003), “Diasporas and International Relations Theory”, International Organization, S.57(3), ss.449-479.
  • SHEFFER, Gabriel (2003), Diaspora Politics: At Home Abroad, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • STATISTISCHES, Bundesamt (2021), Bildung und Migration: Bericht 2021, Destatis, https://www.destatis.de (Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2025).
  • TRIADAFILOPOULOS, Triadafilos (2011), Becoming Multicultural: Immigration and the Politics of Membership in Canada and Germany, UBC Press, Canada.
  • VARADARAJAN, Latha (2010), The Domestic Abroad: Diasporas in International Relations, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • VERTOVEC, Steven (2009), Transnationalism, Routledge Publishing, Oxfordshire.
  • YÜKLEYEN, Ahmet (2009), “Localizing Islam in Europe: Turkish Islamic Communities in Germany and the Netherlands”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, S.35(5), ss.837-851.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kamu Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hamza Ateş 0000-0003-0975-0062

Burhanettin Carlak 0009-0000-0839-1905

Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 28 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Ateş, H., & Carlak, B. (2025). Diaspora Politikası İçin Bir Stratejik Uygulama Önerisi: Yurtdışı Temsilciliklerine Diaspora Kökenli Kamu Görevlilerinin Atanması. Uluslararası Yönetim Akademisi Dergisi, 8(4), 867-884. https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1800657