Climate Policies of the European Union and Right-Wing Politics: The Cases of France, Germany and Poland

Öz

As a leading actor in the fight against global climate change, the European Union (EU) has developed comprehensive policies such as the Green Deal and the 2050 carbon neutrality targets. This article analyses the European Union's (EU) climate policies in the context of right-wing politics. In the fight against the global climate crisis, the EU has developed various strategies and regulations in line with the goals of sustainability, green transformation and carbon neutrality. However, the applicability and social acceptance of climate policies are directly affected by political ideologies. In this framework, the study analyses the approaches of right-wing parties to climate change and the impact of this approach on climate policies at the EU level. It has been observed that traditional conservative and center-right parties exhibit a more measured approach towards the environment and priorities economic growth, while the far right often denies climate change or opposes climate policies with nationalist discourses. Based on the examples of France, Germany and Poland, the study analyses how climate policies are perceived by EU member states in right-wing politics. It is seen that right-wing political tendencies are determinant in the applicability of EU climate policies, and the success of climate policies is shaped by political will and ideological orientations beyond technical capacity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• European Union
• European Green Deal
• Climate Policies
• Right-Wing Politics
• Carbon Neutral

Avrupa Birliği'nin İklim Politikaları ve Sağ Siyaset: Fransa, Almanya ve Polonya Örneği

Öz

Avrupa Birliği (AB), küresel iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede öncü bir aktör olarak Yeşil Mutabakat ve 2050 karbon nötr hedefleri gibi kapsamlı politikalar geliştirmiştir. Bu makale, AB’nin iklim politikalarını sağ siyaset bağlamında incelemektedir. AB, küresel iklim kriziyle mücadelede sürdürülebilirlik, yeşil dönüşüm ve karbon nötrlüğü hedefleri doğrultusunda çeşitli strateji ve düzenlemeler geliştirmiştir. Ancak iklim politikalarının uygulanabilirliği ve toplumsal kabulü, siyasi ideolojilerden doğrudan etkilenmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışmada, sağ partilerin iklim değişikliğine yaklaşımları ve bu yaklaşımın AB düzeyindeki iklim politikalarına etkisi ele alınmıştır. Geleneksel muhafazakâr ve merkez sağ partilerin çevreye yönelik daha ölçülü ve ekonomik büyümeyi önceleyen bir yaklaşım sergilediği, aşırı sağın ise iklim değişikliğini çoğu zaman inkâr ettiği veya milliyetçi söylemlerle iklim politikalarına karşı çıktığı gözlemlenmiştir. Fransa, Almanya ve Polonya örneklerinden yola çıkılarak sağ siyasette iklim politikalarının AB’ye üye ülkeler tarafından nasıl algılandığının incelendiği çalışmada, AB iklim politikalarının uygulanabilirliğinde sağ siyasal eğilimlerin belirleyici olduğu, iklim politikalarının başarısının, teknik kapasitenin ötesinde siyasi irade ve ideolojik yönelimlerle şekillendiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği
• Avrupa Yeşil Mutabakatı
• İklim Politikaları
• Sağ Siyaset
• Karbon Nötr

Kaynakça

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