Representation Crisis and the Emergence of Immigrant Parties in Dutch Politics

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 1 - 22, 31.03.2025

Osman Erdoğdu , Fikret Topal

https://doi.org/10.14782/marmarasbd.1499512

Öz

Far-right parties have been increasing their weight in the European political system day by day. In many European countries, these parties have emerged as important actors in power relations. With the rise of far-right parties, the positions of traditional or mainstream parties are also changing and anti-immigrant sentiment is moving to the center of politics. Although anti-immigration was seen as one of the political tools of right-wing politics, left-wing political actors are also changing their discourse. Unlike the old left, the issues concerning migrants are considerably less on the agenda of the new leftist politics. Therefore, a representation problem has emerged between these parties and immigrant groups, which have found a place for themselves especially within the left and social democratic parties for a long time. In this context, immigrant parties representing immigrant groups are being established in various European countries. This study examines this transformation by focusing on the Netherlands. In addition to hosting different immigrant groups, the Netherlands is an example where an immigrant party entered the parliament for the first time. This study analyzes the party formation process and representation capabilities of the recently established immigrant parties in the Netherlands through the BIJ1, DENK and NIDA parties.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Far Right, Immigrant Parties, Dutch Politics, Representation Crisi, DENK Party

Hollanda Siyasetinde Temsil Krizi ve Göçmen Partilerinin Ortaya Çıkışı

Öz

Aşırı sağ partilerin Avrupa siyasal sistemdeki ağırlığını gün geçtikçe arttırmaktadır. Birçok Avrupa ülkesinde bu partiler iktidar ilişkilerinde önemli bir aktör olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu partilerin yükselişiyle beraber geleneksel veya ana akım olarak görülen partilerin de pozisyonları değişmekte ve göçmen karşıtlığı merkez siyasete taşınmaktadır. Her ne kadar bu karşıtlık sağ siyasetin politik araçlarından biri olarak görülse de sol siyasal aktörlerin de söylemlerinde değişiklik gözlemlenmektedir. Eski soldan farklı olarak yeni sol siyasetin gündemini meşgul eden konular arasında göçmenleri temsil eden sorunlar oldukça azalmaktadır. Dolayısıyla uzun bir süredir özellikle sol ve sosyal demokrat partiler içerisinde kendine yer bulan göçmen gruplar ile bu partiler arasında bir temsil sorunu ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Nitekim bu kapsamda Avrupa’nın çeşitli ülkelerinde de göçmen gruplarını temsilen göçmen partileri kurulmaktadır. Bu çalışma dönüşen Avrupa yapısal ortamını Hollanda örneğini merkeze alarak incelemektedir. Hollanda farklı göçmen gruplarına ev sahipliği yapmasının yanı sıra bir göçmen partisinin ilk defa meclise girdiği örnek olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışma Hollanda'da son dönemde kurulan göçmen partilerinin partileşme sürecini ve temsil kabiliyetlerini BIJ1, DENK ve NIDA partileri üzerinden analiz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşırı Sağ, Göçmen Partileri, Hollanda Siyaseti, Temsil Krizi, DENK Partisi

Kaynakça

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