The Effects of Shift and Night Work on Women's Health

Öz

Shift and night work has become a widespread part of working and social life as a result of the development of developing global economies. Shift and night work suppress the melatonin and cause disruption in the circadian rhythm. Disruption in circadian rhythm causes metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Exposure to long shifts and night work increases the severity of diseases. Compared to men, women are more susceptible to the negative effects of the shift and night work system. In the literature, shift and night work have been found to be associated with breast cancer, sexual dysfunction, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women. Considering the active participation of women in working life, studies on the effects of shift and night work on women's health gain importance. This review examined the effects of shift and night work on women's health in line with the current literature. Shift and night work have a negative impact on women's health by directly or indirectly affecting many physical and mental disorders. Improving working hours in order to prevent the negative effects of shift and night work, limiting shift and night working hours for pregnant women; It is recommended to take protective measures against occupational accidents caused by sleep problems in women who work in shifts and at night.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Night shift
• Women's health
• Shift work

Vardiyalı ve Gece Çalışmanın Kadın Sağlığına Etkileri

Öz

Vardiyalı ve gece çalışma, gelişen küresel ekonomilerin gelişmesinin bir sonucu olarak çalışma ve sosyal hayatın yaygın bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Vardiyalı ve gece çalışma melatonin hormonunu baskılayarak sirkadiyen ritimde bozulmaya yol açmaktadır. Sirkadiyen ritimde bozulma kalp-damar hastalığı, obezite, diyabet, hipertansiyon, dislipidemi gibi metabolik hastalıklara sebebiyet vermektedir. Uzun süre vardiyalı ve gece çalışmasına maruz kalma hastalıkların şiddetini artırmaktadır. Kadınlar erkeklere kıyasla vardiyalı ve gece çalışma sisteminin olumsuz etkilerine karşı daha hassastır. Literatürde vardiyalı ve gece çalışma kadınlarda meme kanseri, cinsel işlev bozuklukları, olumsuz gebelik sonuçları ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Kadınların çalışma hayatına aktif katılım gösterdikleri düşünülürse vardiyalı ve gece çalışmanın kadın sağlığı etkileri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar önem kazanmaktadır. Bu derlemede güncel literatür doğrultusunda vardiyalı ve gece çalışmanın kadın sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerine değinilmiştir. Vardiyalı ve gece çalışma fiziksel ve ruhsal olarak birçok rahatsızlığa doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak etki ederek kadın sağlığı üzerinde olumsuz etkilemektedir. Vardiyalı ve gece çalışmanın olumsuz etkilerini önlemek amacıyla çalışma saatlerini iyileştirilmesi, gebeler için vardiyalı ve gece çalışma saatlerinin sınırlandırılması; vardiyalı ve gece çalışan kadınlarda uyku problemlerinin neden olacağı iş kazalarına yönelik koruyucu önlemler alınması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gece vardiyası
• Kadın sağlığı
• Vardiyalı çalışma

Kaynakça

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