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Çalışanların İş Yerlerinde Tükettikleri Aromatik Çay, Çay ve Kahve Tüketiminin Madde Kullanımı Üzerindeki Etkileri: Faydaları, Riskleri ve İş Güvenliğine Etkileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 65 - 74, 31.12.2024

Öz

Çay türleri ve kahve çağımızın popüler içeklerindendir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışanların iş yerlerinde gün içerisinde tükettikleri; çay, aromatik çay ve kahve tüketiminin madde kullanımı üzerindeki etkilerini ve bu içeceklerin sağlık yararlarını ile bağımlılık risklerini incelemektir. Ayrıca, bu içeceklerin psikolojik ve sosyal etkilerini değerlendirerek dengeli tüketimin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Çay ve kahve, kültürel ve sosyal ritüellerin önemli bir parçası olup, sağlık üzerinde önemli etkiler yaratabilmektedir. Bu içeceklerin kafein içermesi ve kafeinin bağımlılık yapıcı potansiyeli, özellikle erken yaşlarda alkol ve nikotin bağımlılığı gibi daha geniş madde kullanım eğilimlerine yol açabileceği belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca, her iki içecek de biyoaktif bileşenler açısından zengindir; siyah çay, antioksidanlar sunarak kronik hastalıkları önleyebilir ve bağırsak sağlığını iyileştirebilirken, kahve de çeşitli hastalık risklerini azaltma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ancak, kahve aşırı tüketildiğinde olumsuz etkiler doğurabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, bu içeceklerin psikolojik ve sosyal etkilerine de dikkat çekerek; bu içeceklerin sosyal etkileşimlerde ve kültürel ritüellerdeki rollerine vurgu yapmıştır. Özellikle bazı bitki çaylarının madde bağımlılığı aracı olarak kötüye kullanılma riski söz konusu olduğu da çalışma içerisinde vurgulamıştır. Sonuç olarak, çay ve kahvenin sağlık yararları önemli olsa da, çalışanların bağımlılık ve psikolojik etkilerle ilişkili risklerin azaltılması için dengeli tüketimi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, bu içeceklerin sağlık ve bağımlılık üzerindeki etkilerinin daha derinlemesine anlaşılması gerektiğini ortaya koyarak gelecek çalışmalara rehberlik etmektir.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, E., Yousefi, M. H., Hashemi, S., Hosseinzadeh, S., Ghadimi, A. H., Safapour, M., & Azari, A. (2022). Aflatoxin B1 and heavy metals in imported black tea to Bushehr, southern Iran; Contamination rate and risk assessment. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 106, 104277.
  • Amin, N., Byrne, E., Johnson, J., Chenevix-Trench, G., Walter, S., Nolte, I., Vink, J., Rawal, R., Mangino, M., & Teumer, A. (2012). Genome-wide association analysis of coffee drinking suggests association with CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and NRCAM. Molecular psychiatry, 17(11), 1116-1129.
  • Arshi, A. (2023). Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Life Among Substance Abuse Adults. International Journal For Science Technology And Engineering, 11(5), 2693-2701. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52134
  • Atkins, R. (2023). Herbal Psychoactive Substances. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-823677-2.00245-2 Bamuwamye, M., Ogwok, P., Tumuhairwe, V., Eragu, R., Nakisozi, H., & Ogwang, P. E. (2017). Dietary content and potential health risks of metals in commercial black tea in Kampala (Uganda).
  • Belayneh, A., & Molla, F. (2020). The effect of coffee on pharmacokinetic properties of drugs: a review. BioMed research international, 2020(1), 7909703.
  • Bergin, J. E., & Kendler, K. S. (2012). Common psychiatric disorders and caffeine use, tolerance, and withdrawal: An examination of shared genetic and environmental effects. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 15(4), 473-482.
  • Bocarsly, M. E. (2016). Food Addiction: Applying Substance Use Disorder Criteria and Characteristics to Identify Instances of Addictive-Like Eating. In Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse (pp. 1008-1018). Elsevier.
  • Bowen, L., Jun, Z., Xiaojian, Z., Shuduan, D., & Guanben, D. (2022). Research Progress on the Health Benefits of Scented Tea. In H. Christophe & D. Samantha (Eds.), Recent Advances in the Health Benefits of Tea (pp. Ch. 5). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106605
  • Capistrano, F. C., Ferreira, A. C. Z., Maftum, M. A., Kalinke, L. P., & de Fátima Mantovani, M. (2013). Impacto social do uso abusivo de drogas para dependentes químicos registrados em prontuários. Cogitare Enfermagem, 18(3), 468-474.
  • Capistrano, F. C., Maftum, G. J., de Fátima Mantovani, M., Felix, J. V. C., Kalinke, L. P., Nimtz, M. A., & Maftum, M. A. (2018). Consequências do uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas por pessoas em tratamento. Saúde e Pesquisa, 11(1), 17-26.
  • Das, C., Banerjee, A., Saha, M., & Chatterjee, S. (2022). A review of the health benefits of tea: Implications of the biochemical properties of the bioactive constituents. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 10(2), 458-475.
  • Davies, J. B., Saunders, W., & Helfgott, S. (2003). What is addiction? In Perspectives on Addiction: Understanding the Issues. Taylor and Francis.
  • Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M., & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.
  • De Graaf, C. (2011). Why liquid energy results in overconsumption. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 70(2), 162-170.
  • De Oliveira Targino, R. L., & de Albuquerque Hayasida, N. M. (2021). Quality of Life of Drug Users. J. Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, 8(3).
  • Dugré, J. R., Orban, P., & Potvin, S. (2023). Disrupted functional connectivity of the brain reward system in substance use problems: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. Addict Biol, 28(1), e13257. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.13257
  • Florio, L., Lassi, D. L., Perico, C. d. A.-M., Vignoli, N. G., Torales, J., Ventriglio, A., & Castaldelli-Maia, J. M. (2022). Food addiction: a comprehensive review. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 210(11), 874-879.
  • Gallardo-Ignacio, J., Nicasio-Torres, M., Santibáñez, A., Cabrera-Hilerio, S., & Cruz-Sosa, F. (2022). Ethnopharmacological study of the genus Coffea and compounds of biological importance. Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química, 21(3), Bio2856-Bio2856.
  • Garnica, J., Solórzano, R., Encadala, A., & Guamán, L. (2023). Quality of Life in Drug-dependent Adults: a systematic review [Version 2; Peer Review-Approved]. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología, 3, 242-242.
  • Ghosh, A., & Roy, M. (2023). Black Tea Extract Prevents iAs Induced Transformation of HaCaT Cells via Modulation of Cellular Damage, Inflammation and TGF-β Signalling Cascade. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 12(1), 171-189. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1201.020
  • Guleria, K., Sehgal, A., Bhat, I. A., Singh, S. K., Vamanu, E., & Singh, M. P. (2022). Impact of Altering the Ratio of Black Tea Granules and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves in a Binary Infusion on Radical Scavenging Potential Employing Cell Free Models and Ex Vivo Assays. Applied Sciences, 12(20), 10632.
  • Hanon, A. Y., Al-Obaidi, N. A.-H., & Al-Obaidi, M. J. (2022). Evaluation of Related Potential Health Risks for Dry Black Tea from Baghdad's Markets. Journal of Biotechnology Research Center, 16(2).
  • Hilal, Y. (2017). Morphology, manufacturing, types, composition and medicinal properties of tea (Camellia sinensis). Journal of Basic and Applied Plant Sciences, 1(2), 107.
  • Hureiki, J., & Laqueille, X. (2003). The Tuaregs addiction to tea, to smokeless tobacco and to milk: ethnological and clinical approach. L'encephale, 29(1), 42-48.
  • Ijaz, N., Sardar, M., & Mehak, H. S. (2021). Coffee: All You Need to Know. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL SCIENCES, 2(1), 1-17.
  • Isono, Y., Watanabe, H., Kumada, M., Takara, T., & Iio, S.-i. (2021). Black tea decreases postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy humans and contains high-molecular-weight polyphenols that inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 11(5), 222-237.
  • Jenkins, A. J., Llosa, T., Montoya, I., & Cone, E. J. (1996). Identification and quantitation of alkaloids in coca tea. Forensic Science International, 77(3), 179-189.
  • Karataş, K. S. (2020). Evaluation of Black Tea Consumption In Terms Of Substance Use Disorders, Sleep Quality, and Mental Symptoms among
  • Medical Students. . International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 3(3), 46-54.
  • Kennedy, O. J., Fallowfield, J. A., Poole, R., Hayes, P. C., Parkes, J., & Roderick, P. J. (2021). All coffee types decrease the risk of adverse clinical
  • Koksal, A., & Wohlgenant, M. K. (2011). Rationally Addicted to Cigarettes, Alcohol and Coffee? A Pseudo Panel Approach.
  • Kondo, A., Narumi, K., Okuhara, K., Takahashi, Y., Furugen, A., Kobayashi, M., & Iseki, K. (2019). Black tea extract and theaflavin derivatives affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin by modulating organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 2B1 activity. Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition, 40(8), 302-306.
  • Kristiyanto, D., Pranoto, B. D. H., & Abdullah, A. (2013). Penurunan kadar kafein kopi arabika dengan proses fermentasi menggunakan nopkor MZ-15. Jurnal Teknologi Kimia dan Industri, 2(4), 170-176.
  • Kumar, V., & Shruthi, B. (2014). Tea: An oral elixir. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy, 3(1), 9-18.
  • Lefine, M. L., & Lesunyane, R. A. (2022). Enablers and inhibitors to quality of life as experienced by substance abusers discharged from a rehabilitation centre in Gauteng, South Africa. South African Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52(3), 62-72.
  • Liu, N., Shen, S., Huang, L., Deng, G., Wei, Y., Ning, J., & Wang, Y. (2023). Revelation of volatile contributions in green teas with different aroma types by GC–MS and GC–IMS. Food Research International, 169, 112845.
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The Effects of Aromatic Tea, Tea and Coffee Consumption on Substance Use in Workplaces: Benefits, Risks and Effects on Occupational Safety

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 65 - 74, 31.12.2024

Öz

Tea types and coffee are popular beverages of our time. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of tea, aromatic tea and coffee consumption on substance use and the health benefits and addiction risks of these beverages. It also evaluates the psychological and social effects of these beverages and emphasizes the importance of balanced consumption. Tea and coffee are an important part of cultural and social rituals and can have significant health effects. The caffeine content of these beverages and the addictive potential of caffeine have been reported to lead to broader substance use tendencies such as alcohol and nicotine dependence, especially at an early age. Furthermore, both beverages are rich in bioactive compounds; black tea can prevent chronic diseases and improve gut health by providing antioxidants, while coffee has the potential to reduce the risk of various diseases. However, coffee can have negative effects when consumed in excess. This Study also highlighted the psychological and social effects of these beverages, emphasizing their role in social interactions and cultural rituals. In particular, the study emphasized the risk of abuse of some herbal teas as a means of substance abuse. In conclusion, although the health benefits of tea and coffee are important, balanced consumption is necessary to reduce the risks associated with addiction and psychological effects. This study provides guidance for future studies by demonstrating the need for a deeper understanding of the effects of these beverages on health and addiction.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, E., Yousefi, M. H., Hashemi, S., Hosseinzadeh, S., Ghadimi, A. H., Safapour, M., & Azari, A. (2022). Aflatoxin B1 and heavy metals in imported black tea to Bushehr, southern Iran; Contamination rate and risk assessment. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 106, 104277.
  • Amin, N., Byrne, E., Johnson, J., Chenevix-Trench, G., Walter, S., Nolte, I., Vink, J., Rawal, R., Mangino, M., & Teumer, A. (2012). Genome-wide association analysis of coffee drinking suggests association with CYP1A1/CYP1A2 and NRCAM. Molecular psychiatry, 17(11), 1116-1129.
  • Arshi, A. (2023). Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Life Among Substance Abuse Adults. International Journal For Science Technology And Engineering, 11(5), 2693-2701. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52134
  • Atkins, R. (2023). Herbal Psychoactive Substances. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-823677-2.00245-2 Bamuwamye, M., Ogwok, P., Tumuhairwe, V., Eragu, R., Nakisozi, H., & Ogwang, P. E. (2017). Dietary content and potential health risks of metals in commercial black tea in Kampala (Uganda).
  • Belayneh, A., & Molla, F. (2020). The effect of coffee on pharmacokinetic properties of drugs: a review. BioMed research international, 2020(1), 7909703.
  • Bergin, J. E., & Kendler, K. S. (2012). Common psychiatric disorders and caffeine use, tolerance, and withdrawal: An examination of shared genetic and environmental effects. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 15(4), 473-482.
  • Bocarsly, M. E. (2016). Food Addiction: Applying Substance Use Disorder Criteria and Characteristics to Identify Instances of Addictive-Like Eating. In Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse (pp. 1008-1018). Elsevier.
  • Bowen, L., Jun, Z., Xiaojian, Z., Shuduan, D., & Guanben, D. (2022). Research Progress on the Health Benefits of Scented Tea. In H. Christophe & D. Samantha (Eds.), Recent Advances in the Health Benefits of Tea (pp. Ch. 5). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106605
  • Capistrano, F. C., Ferreira, A. C. Z., Maftum, M. A., Kalinke, L. P., & de Fátima Mantovani, M. (2013). Impacto social do uso abusivo de drogas para dependentes químicos registrados em prontuários. Cogitare Enfermagem, 18(3), 468-474.
  • Capistrano, F. C., Maftum, G. J., de Fátima Mantovani, M., Felix, J. V. C., Kalinke, L. P., Nimtz, M. A., & Maftum, M. A. (2018). Consequências do uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas por pessoas em tratamento. Saúde e Pesquisa, 11(1), 17-26.
  • Das, C., Banerjee, A., Saha, M., & Chatterjee, S. (2022). A review of the health benefits of tea: Implications of the biochemical properties of the bioactive constituents. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 10(2), 458-475.
  • Davies, J. B., Saunders, W., & Helfgott, S. (2003). What is addiction? In Perspectives on Addiction: Understanding the Issues. Taylor and Francis.
  • Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M., & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.
  • De Graaf, C. (2011). Why liquid energy results in overconsumption. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 70(2), 162-170.
  • De Oliveira Targino, R. L., & de Albuquerque Hayasida, N. M. (2021). Quality of Life of Drug Users. J. Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, 8(3).
  • Dugré, J. R., Orban, P., & Potvin, S. (2023). Disrupted functional connectivity of the brain reward system in substance use problems: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. Addict Biol, 28(1), e13257. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.13257
  • Florio, L., Lassi, D. L., Perico, C. d. A.-M., Vignoli, N. G., Torales, J., Ventriglio, A., & Castaldelli-Maia, J. M. (2022). Food addiction: a comprehensive review. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 210(11), 874-879.
  • Gallardo-Ignacio, J., Nicasio-Torres, M., Santibáñez, A., Cabrera-Hilerio, S., & Cruz-Sosa, F. (2022). Ethnopharmacological study of the genus Coffea and compounds of biological importance. Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química, 21(3), Bio2856-Bio2856.
  • Garnica, J., Solórzano, R., Encadala, A., & Guamán, L. (2023). Quality of Life in Drug-dependent Adults: a systematic review [Version 2; Peer Review-Approved]. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología, 3, 242-242.
  • Ghosh, A., & Roy, M. (2023). Black Tea Extract Prevents iAs Induced Transformation of HaCaT Cells via Modulation of Cellular Damage, Inflammation and TGF-β Signalling Cascade. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 12(1), 171-189. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1201.020
  • Guleria, K., Sehgal, A., Bhat, I. A., Singh, S. K., Vamanu, E., & Singh, M. P. (2022). Impact of Altering the Ratio of Black Tea Granules and Ocimum gratissimum Leaves in a Binary Infusion on Radical Scavenging Potential Employing Cell Free Models and Ex Vivo Assays. Applied Sciences, 12(20), 10632.
  • Hanon, A. Y., Al-Obaidi, N. A.-H., & Al-Obaidi, M. J. (2022). Evaluation of Related Potential Health Risks for Dry Black Tea from Baghdad's Markets. Journal of Biotechnology Research Center, 16(2).
  • Hilal, Y. (2017). Morphology, manufacturing, types, composition and medicinal properties of tea (Camellia sinensis). Journal of Basic and Applied Plant Sciences, 1(2), 107.
  • Hureiki, J., & Laqueille, X. (2003). The Tuaregs addiction to tea, to smokeless tobacco and to milk: ethnological and clinical approach. L'encephale, 29(1), 42-48.
  • Ijaz, N., Sardar, M., & Mehak, H. S. (2021). Coffee: All You Need to Know. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL SCIENCES, 2(1), 1-17.
  • Isono, Y., Watanabe, H., Kumada, M., Takara, T., & Iio, S.-i. (2021). Black tea decreases postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy humans and contains high-molecular-weight polyphenols that inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 11(5), 222-237.
  • Jenkins, A. J., Llosa, T., Montoya, I., & Cone, E. J. (1996). Identification and quantitation of alkaloids in coca tea. Forensic Science International, 77(3), 179-189.
  • Karataş, K. S. (2020). Evaluation of Black Tea Consumption In Terms Of Substance Use Disorders, Sleep Quality, and Mental Symptoms among
  • Medical Students. . International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 3(3), 46-54.
  • Kennedy, O. J., Fallowfield, J. A., Poole, R., Hayes, P. C., Parkes, J., & Roderick, P. J. (2021). All coffee types decrease the risk of adverse clinical
  • Koksal, A., & Wohlgenant, M. K. (2011). Rationally Addicted to Cigarettes, Alcohol and Coffee? A Pseudo Panel Approach.
  • Kondo, A., Narumi, K., Okuhara, K., Takahashi, Y., Furugen, A., Kobayashi, M., & Iseki, K. (2019). Black tea extract and theaflavin derivatives affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin by modulating organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 2B1 activity. Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition, 40(8), 302-306.
  • Kristiyanto, D., Pranoto, B. D. H., & Abdullah, A. (2013). Penurunan kadar kafein kopi arabika dengan proses fermentasi menggunakan nopkor MZ-15. Jurnal Teknologi Kimia dan Industri, 2(4), 170-176.
  • Kumar, V., & Shruthi, B. (2014). Tea: An oral elixir. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy, 3(1), 9-18.
  • Lefine, M. L., & Lesunyane, R. A. (2022). Enablers and inhibitors to quality of life as experienced by substance abusers discharged from a rehabilitation centre in Gauteng, South Africa. South African Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52(3), 62-72.
  • Liu, N., Shen, S., Huang, L., Deng, G., Wei, Y., Ning, J., & Wang, Y. (2023). Revelation of volatile contributions in green teas with different aroma types by GC–MS and GC–IMS. Food Research International, 169, 112845.
  • Liu, X., Hu, G., Wang, A., Long, G., Yang, Y., Wang, D., Zhong, N., & Jia, J. (2022). Black tea reduces diet-induced obesity in mice via modulation of gut microbiota and gene expression in host tissues. Nutrients, 14(8), 1635.
  • Mendes, F. R., & Prado, D. d. R. (2016). Use of herbal medicine to treat drug addiction. Innovations in the Treatment of Substance Addiction, 51-68.
  • Muradi, P., & Unal, A. T. (2022). A Literature Review on Caffeine Related Disorder in Line with Coffee Addiction Journal of Addiction Research, 6(1), 151-155.
  • Myhrvold, N. (2024). Coffee. In: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  • Nasir, N. F., Mohamad, N. E., & Alitheen, N. B. (2022). Fermented Black Tea and Its Relationship with Gut Microbiota and Obesity: A Mini Review. Fermentation, 8(11), 603.
  • Naveed, S., & Hameed, A. (2014). Consumption of Tea in Professionals and Non-professionals. SOJ Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1(3), 1-4.
  • Noegroho, A., Sulaiman, A., Suswanto, B., & Suryanto, S. (2018). Pendekatan Spiritual Dan Herbal Sebagai Alternatif Rehabilitasi Non Medis Bagi Pecandu Narkoba. Al-Izzah: Jurnal Hasil-Hasil Penelitian, 13, 143. https://doi.org/10.31332/ai.v13i2.983
  • O'Keefe, J. H., DiNicolantonio, J. J., & Lavie, C. J. (2018). Coffee for cardioprotection and longevity. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 61(1), 38-42.
  • Paiva, C. B., Ferreira, I. B., Bosa, V. L., & Narvaez, J. C. d. M. (2017). Depression, anxiety, hopelessness and quality of life in users of cocaine/crack in outpatient treatment. Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy, 39(1), 34-42.
  • Pal, R. S., Pal, Y., Katiyar, D., Khera, K., & Punniyakotti, S. (2022). Herbal Drug Addiction: Latest Information on Trends and Outlines. Pharmacophore, 13(3-2022), 86-90.
  • Parveen, A., Qin, C.-Y., Zhou, F., Lai, G., Long, P., Zhu, M., Ke, J., & Zhang, L. (2023). The chemistry, sensory properties and health benefits of aroma compounds of black tea produced by camellia sinensis and camellia assamica. Horticulturae, 9(12), 1253.
  • Pearson, A. C., Eldrige, J. S., & Hooten, W. M. (2015). Interpreting urine drug screen results in the context of poppy seed use. Mayo Clinic Proceedings,
  • Prasath, K. H., Sravanth, P., & Sudhir, A. R. (2014). Tea "an addiction nor a medicine"- a review. International Journal of Pharmacy.
  • Purnak, T., & Ozaslan, E. (2009). Coffee intake and chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology, 50(5), 1673.
  • Raghu, S. V., & Bhat, R. (2022). Neurobiology of food addiction. In Future Foods (pp. 425-431). Elsevier.
  • Rasheed, Z. (2019). Molecular evidences of health benefits of drinking black tea. International journal of health sciences, 13(3), 1.
  • Rogers, P. J. (2023). Determinants of food reward and some parallels with vehicles for self‐administration of nicotine, caffeine and alcohol. Addiction, 118(4).
  • Samanta, T., Chandran, K., Medda, N., Banerjee, A., Mitra, A., De, S. K., & maiti, s. (2022). Black tea and its theaflavin derivatives firmly inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, possible implications in cholinergic neurodegenerative or muscular disorder. In: Research Square.
  • Siegel, R. K., Elsohly, M. A., Plowman, T., Rury, P. M., & Jones, R. T. (1986). Cocaine in herbal tea. Jama, 255(1), 40-40.
  • Spyres, M. B., van Wijk, X. M., Lapoint, J., & Levine, M. (2018). Two cases of severe opiate toxicity after ingestion of poppy seed tea. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 102-104.
  • Steiner, W. G. (2024). Drug use. In: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  • Tarekegn, G. E., Nenko, G., Tilahun, S. Y., Kassew, T., Demilew, D., Oumer, M., Alemu, K., Yesuf, Y. M., Getnet, B., & Melkam, M. (2022). Quality of life and associated factors among the youth with substance use in Northwest Ethiopia: Using structural equation modeling. Plos one, 17(9), e0274768.
  • Tawali, A. B., Abdullah, N., & Wiranata, B. S. (2018). Pengaruh Fermentasi Menggunakan Bakteri Asam Laktat Yoghurt Terhadap Citarasa Kopi Robusta (Coffea Robusta):(The Influence of Fermentation Using Bacteria Lactic Acid Yoghurt to the Flavor of Coffe Robusta (Coffea robusta)). Canrea Journal: Food Technology, Nutritions, and Culinary Journal, 90-97.
  • Tennant Jr, F. S., & Detels, R. (1976). Relationship of alcohol, cigarette, and drug abuse in adulthood with alcohol, cigarette and coffee consumption in childhood. Preventive Medicine, 5(1), 70-77.
  • Turner, M., McCrory, P., & Johnston, A. (2005). Time for tea, anyone? British journal of sports medicine, 39(10), e37. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2004.017038
  • Viola, P. (2005). Coffee and health. Journal of Applied Cosmetology, 23, 129-137.
  • Wilcox, C. E., Wilcox, C. E., & Eck, M. J. (2021). Neurobiology and cognitive neuroscience of substance use disorders. Food Addiction, Obesity, and Disorders of Overeating: An Evidence-Based Assessment and Clinical Guide, 99-108.
  • Zaman, W., Loh, S. P., & Esa, N. M. (2019). Coffee and gastrointestinal health: A review. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 15, 96-103.
  • Zheng, X.-T., Zeng, X.-Y., Lin, X.-L., Chen, D.-S., Li, Y., Huang, J.-J., Yu, Z.-C., & Zhu, H. (2024). Exploring aromatic components differences and composition regularity of 5 kinds of these 4 aroma types Phoenix Dancong tea based on GC–MS. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 2727.
  • Zhou ChunJuan, Z. C., Zhuang DongHong, Z. D., Guo ShouJun, G. S., Zhu Hui, Z. H., Ma RuiJun, M. R., & Wu QingHan, W. Q. (2014). Classification and identification of different aromatics in tea made from different cultivar of Fenghuang Dancong.
Toplam 66 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Gıda Özellikleri, Halk Sağlığı Beslenmesi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ahmet Güzel 0000-0002-9997-0802

Meliha Kırkıncıoğlu 0000-0002-2393-9390

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 5 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Güzel, A., & Kırkıncıoğlu, M. (2024). Çalışanların İş Yerlerinde Tükettikleri Aromatik Çay, Çay ve Kahve Tüketiminin Madde Kullanımı Üzerindeki Etkileri: Faydaları, Riskleri ve İş Güvenliğine Etkileri. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 65-74.