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Analysis of Participant Achievement in the 0-72 Months Child Development Course Program: Impact of Age, Education Level, Employment Status, and Reasons for Choosing the Course

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 509 - 523, 24.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1371982

Öz

Abstract This study aims to examine how demographic factors of the participants affect their achievement in completing the 0-72 Months Child Development Course Program. Success in this context is defined by participants' ability to meet the course objectives, which focus on enhancing knowledge and skills in early childhood development. The study employs a quantitative, correlational survey design, with a research population consisting of 681 trainees enrolled in the program during the 2019-2020 academic year. The 0-72 Months Child Development course curriculum prepared by the Ministry of National Education General Directorate of Lifelong Learning was applied to the participants. Data were analyzed using a binary logistic regression model. In the first stage, the individual effects of each demographic variable on course success were examined. In the second stage, the combined impact of those variables found to have a significant effect was assessed. The analysis revealed that participants who were unemployed and those aged 30-39 had a higher likelihood of successfully completing the course. However, participants' purpose of attending the course and their education level did not have a significant effect on the likelihood of being successful in the course. The results of the study were discussed and recommendations were made.

Kaynakça

  • Akdağ, F. (2015). Çocukta beyin gelişimi ve erken müdahale. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 1(Suppl2), 97-100.
  • Aksoy, A. B. ve Dere Çiftçi, H. (2020). Erken çocukluk döneminde oyun (5. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi. https://doi.org/10.14527/9786053648574
  • Alhajraf, N. M., & Alasfour, A. M. (2014). The impact of demographic and academic characteristics on academic performance. International Business Research, 7(4), 92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v7n2p92
  • Amalia, E. R., & Khoiriyati, S. (2018). Effective learning activities to improve early childhood cognitive development. Al-Athfal Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 4(1), 103-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/al-athfal.2018.41-07
  • Ayan, S. ve Memiş, A. U. (2012). Erken çocukluk döneminde oyun. Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim Dergisi, 14(2), 143-149.
  • Babanlı, N. ve Akçay, R. C. (2018). Yetişkin eğitimindeki kursiyerlerin yaşam boyu öğrenme yeterlikleri. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(9), 87-104. https://doi.org/10.29129/inujgse.411354
  • Bierman, K. L., Domitrovich, C. E., Nix, R. L., Gest, S. D., Welsh, J. A., Greenberg, M. T., Blair, C., Nelson, K. E., & Gill, S. (2008). Promoting academic and social‐emotional school readiness: The Head Start REDI program. Child Development, 79(6), 1802-1817. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01227.x
  • Broström, S. (2006). Care and education: Towards a new paradigm in early childhood education. Child & Youth Care Forum, 35, 391-409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-006-9024-9
  • Cheung, R. H. P. (2010). Designing movement activities to develop children's creativity in early childhood education. Early Child Development and Care, 180(3), 377-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430801931196
  • Clifford, R. M., Barbarin, O., Chang, F., Early, D., Bryant, D., Howes, C., Burchinal, M., & Pianta, R. (2005). What is pre-kindergarten? Characteristics of public pre-kindergarten programs. Applied Developmental Science, 9(3), 126-143. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532480xads0903_1
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Delialioglu, O., Cakir, H., Bichelmeyer, B. A., Dennis, A. R., & Duffy, T. M. (2010). Factors impacting adult learner achievement in a technology certificate program on computer networks. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 9(2), 97-107.
  • Dinçay, İ. H. (2020). İşkur tarafından düzenlenen meslek edindirme kurslarının etkinliği: Eskişehir örneği. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(16), 373-397.
  • Donavant, B. W. (2009). The new, modern practice of adult education: Online instruction in a continuing professional education setting. Adult Education Quarterly, 59(3), 227-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741713609331546
  • Duran, M. ve Taştekin, A. N. (2020). Finlandiya erken çocukluk eğitimi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(2), 600-624. https://doi.org/10.33437/ksusbd.721284
  • Eamon, M. K. (2005). Social-demographic, school, neighborhood, and parenting influences on the academic achievement of Latino young adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(2), 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-3214-x
  • Early, D. M., Pianta, R. C., & Cox, M. J. (1999). Kindergarten teachers and classrooms: A transition context. Early Education and Development, 10(1), 25-46. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15566935eed1001_3
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  • Ensign, J., & Woods, A. M. (2014). Strategies for increasing academic achievement in higher education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 85(6), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2014.926844
  • Gaspard, M. B., Burnett, M. F., & Gaspard, C. P. (2011). The influence of self-esteem and selected demographic characteristics on first semester academic achievement of students enrolled in a college of agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Education, 52(4), 76-86.
  • Global Partnership for Education. (2019). Strengthening early childhood care and education. Global Partnership for Education.
  • Gopnik, A., Griffiths, T. L., & Lucas, C. G. (2015). When younger learners can be better (or at least more open-minded) than older ones. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(2), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414556653
  • Grave, B. S. (2011). The effect of student time allocation on academic achievement. Education Economics, 19(3), 291-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2011.585794
  • Hanno, E. C., Jones, S. M., & Lesaux, N. K. (2021). Back to basics: Developmental catalysts of quality improvement in early education and care. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 8(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1177/23727322211032258
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0-72 Ay Çocuk Gelişimi Kurs Programında Katılımcı Başarısının Analizi: Yaş, Eğitim Düzeyi, Çalışma Durumu ve Kursu Seçme Nedenlerinin Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 509 - 523, 24.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1371982

Öz

Bu çalışma, katılımcıların demografik özelliklerinin 0-72 Ay Çocuk Gelişimi kurs programını tamamlamadaki başarılarını nasıl etkilediğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda başarı, katılımcıların erken çocukluk gelişimi alanında bilgi ve becerilerini artırmaya odaklanan kurs hedeflerini karşılama becerileri ile tanımlanmaktadır. Çalışma, 2019-2020 akademik yılında programa kaydolan 681 kursiyerden oluşan bir araştırma evreni ile nicel, korelasyonel bir anket tasarımı kullanmaktadır. Katılımcılara Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından hazırlanan 0-72 Ay Çocuk Gelişimi dersi öğretim programı uygulanmıştır. Veriler ikili lojistik regresyon modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İlk aşamada, her bir demografik değişkenin kurs başarısı üzerindeki bireysel etkileri incelenmiştir. İkinci aşamada, anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilen değişkenlerin birleşik etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz, işsiz ve 30-39 yaş aralığındaki katılımcıların kursu başarıyla tamamlama olasılığının daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, katılımcıların kursa katılma amaçları ve eğitim seviyeleri kursta başarılı olma olasılığı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip değildir. Çalışmanın sonuçları tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Akdağ, F. (2015). Çocukta beyin gelişimi ve erken müdahale. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 1(Suppl2), 97-100.
  • Aksoy, A. B. ve Dere Çiftçi, H. (2020). Erken çocukluk döneminde oyun (5. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi. https://doi.org/10.14527/9786053648574
  • Alhajraf, N. M., & Alasfour, A. M. (2014). The impact of demographic and academic characteristics on academic performance. International Business Research, 7(4), 92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v7n2p92
  • Amalia, E. R., & Khoiriyati, S. (2018). Effective learning activities to improve early childhood cognitive development. Al-Athfal Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 4(1), 103-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/al-athfal.2018.41-07
  • Ayan, S. ve Memiş, A. U. (2012). Erken çocukluk döneminde oyun. Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim Dergisi, 14(2), 143-149.
  • Babanlı, N. ve Akçay, R. C. (2018). Yetişkin eğitimindeki kursiyerlerin yaşam boyu öğrenme yeterlikleri. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(9), 87-104. https://doi.org/10.29129/inujgse.411354
  • Bierman, K. L., Domitrovich, C. E., Nix, R. L., Gest, S. D., Welsh, J. A., Greenberg, M. T., Blair, C., Nelson, K. E., & Gill, S. (2008). Promoting academic and social‐emotional school readiness: The Head Start REDI program. Child Development, 79(6), 1802-1817. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01227.x
  • Broström, S. (2006). Care and education: Towards a new paradigm in early childhood education. Child & Youth Care Forum, 35, 391-409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-006-9024-9
  • Cheung, R. H. P. (2010). Designing movement activities to develop children's creativity in early childhood education. Early Child Development and Care, 180(3), 377-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430801931196
  • Clifford, R. M., Barbarin, O., Chang, F., Early, D., Bryant, D., Howes, C., Burchinal, M., & Pianta, R. (2005). What is pre-kindergarten? Characteristics of public pre-kindergarten programs. Applied Developmental Science, 9(3), 126-143. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532480xads0903_1
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Delialioglu, O., Cakir, H., Bichelmeyer, B. A., Dennis, A. R., & Duffy, T. M. (2010). Factors impacting adult learner achievement in a technology certificate program on computer networks. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 9(2), 97-107.
  • Dinçay, İ. H. (2020). İşkur tarafından düzenlenen meslek edindirme kurslarının etkinliği: Eskişehir örneği. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(16), 373-397.
  • Donavant, B. W. (2009). The new, modern practice of adult education: Online instruction in a continuing professional education setting. Adult Education Quarterly, 59(3), 227-245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741713609331546
  • Duran, M. ve Taştekin, A. N. (2020). Finlandiya erken çocukluk eğitimi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(2), 600-624. https://doi.org/10.33437/ksusbd.721284
  • Eamon, M. K. (2005). Social-demographic, school, neighborhood, and parenting influences on the academic achievement of Latino young adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(2), 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-3214-x
  • Early, D. M., Pianta, R. C., & Cox, M. J. (1999). Kindergarten teachers and classrooms: A transition context. Early Education and Development, 10(1), 25-46. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15566935eed1001_3
  • Engle, P. L., Fernald, L. C. H., Alderman, H., Behrman, J., O'Gara, C., Yousafzai, A., de Mello, M. C., Hidrobo, M., Ulkuer, N., Ertem, I., Iltus, S., & Global Child Development Steering Group. (2011). Strategies for reducing inequalities and improving developmental outcomes for young children in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet, 378(9799), 1339-1353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60889-1
  • Ensign, J., & Woods, A. M. (2014). Strategies for increasing academic achievement in higher education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 85(6), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2014.926844
  • Gaspard, M. B., Burnett, M. F., & Gaspard, C. P. (2011). The influence of self-esteem and selected demographic characteristics on first semester academic achievement of students enrolled in a college of agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Education, 52(4), 76-86.
  • Global Partnership for Education. (2019). Strengthening early childhood care and education. Global Partnership for Education.
  • Gopnik, A., Griffiths, T. L., & Lucas, C. G. (2015). When younger learners can be better (or at least more open-minded) than older ones. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(2), 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414556653
  • Grave, B. S. (2011). The effect of student time allocation on academic achievement. Education Economics, 19(3), 291-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2011.585794
  • Hanno, E. C., Jones, S. M., & Lesaux, N. K. (2021). Back to basics: Developmental catalysts of quality improvement in early education and care. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 8(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1177/23727322211032258
  • Harrell, L. (1977). Developmental levels and suggested learning activities for the visually impaired preschool child. A Special Report. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED249699.pdf
  • Harris, J. K. (2021). Primer on binary logistic regression. Family Medicine and Community Health, 9(Suppl 1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2021-001290
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  • Karaman, K. (2016). Hayat boyu öğrenme etkinliklerinde yerel yönetimlerin rolü. Journal of International Social Research, 9(44), 1135-1142.
  • Kavak, Ş. ve Coşkun, H. (2017). Erken çocukluk eğitiminde eğitici materyal geliştirmenin önemi. Uluslararası Erken Çocukluk Eğitimi Çalışmaları Dergisi, 2(2), 11-23.
  • Kelemen, G. (2020). Developing early childhood education competences (Early childhood education and care, ECEC). Educația Plus, 27(2), 304-312.
  • Khatib, M. N., Gaidhane, A., Ahmed, M., Saxena, D., & Syed, Z. Q. (2020). Early childhood development programs in low middle-income countries for rearing healthy children: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, 14(1), 1-7.
  • Kim, J., & Park, C. Y. (2020). Education, skill training, and lifelong learning in the era of technological revolution: A review. Asian‐Pacific Economic Literature, 34(2), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/apel.12299
  • Lafave, L. M., & Van Wyk, N. (2024). Physical literacy from the start! The need for formal physical literacy education for early childhood educators. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 95(3), 3-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2024.2302755
  • Markowitz, A. J., Bassok, D., & Hamre, B. (2018). Leveraging developmental insights to improve early childhood education. Child Development Perspectives, 12(2), 87-92.
  • McCoy, D. C., Yoshikawa, H., Ziol-Guest, K. M., Duncan, G. J., Schindler, H. S., Magnuson, K., Yang, R., Koepp, A., & Shonkoff, J. P. (2017). Impacts of early childhood education on medium-and long-term educational outcomes. Educational Researcher, 46(8), 474-487. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X17737739
  • Medel-Añonuevo, C., Ohsako, T., & Mauch, W. (2001). Revisiting lifelong learning for the 21st century. Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
  • Merriam, S., & Mullins, L. (1981). Havighurst's adult development tasks: A factor analysis. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 1(3), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1300/J016v01n03_03
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2017). 0-72 Ay çocuk gelişimi kurs programı. Ankara: T.C. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2018). Güçlü yarınlar için 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu. Ankara: T.C. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2019). Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı 2019–2023 stratejik planı. Ankara: T.C. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Strateji Geliştirme Başkanlığı.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2022). Millî eğitim istatistikleri örgün eğitim 2021/'22. Ankara: T.C. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Strateji Geliştirme Başkanlığı.
  • Nasir, M. (2012). Demographic characteristics as correlates of academic achievement of university students. Academic Research International, 2(2), 400-405.
  • Natriello, G., Pallas, A. M., & Alexander, K. (1989). On the right track? Curriculum and academic achievement. Sociology of Education, 62(2), 109-118. https://doi.org/10.2307/2112843
  • Neuman, M. J., & Powers, S. (2021). Political prioritization of early childhood education in low-and middle-income countries. International Journal of Educational Development, 86, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102458
  • Oral, T. (2016). Kişilik gelişimi. E. Arslan (Ed.), Erken çocukluk döneminde gelişim, içinde (s. 85-110). Ankara: Eğiten Kitap.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2019). Providing quality early childhood education and care: Results from the Starting Strong Survey 2018. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/301005d1-en. Özgüngör, S. ve Kapıkıran, N. A. (2011). Erikson’un psikososyal gelişim dönemleri ölçeklerinin Türk kültürüne uygunluğunun karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi: Ön bulgular. Turkish Psychological Counseling & Guidance Journal, 4(36), 114-126.
  • Pallant, J. (2020). SPSS Survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS. London: McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Palumbo, A., & Kramer-Vida, L. (2012). An academic curriculum will close the academic achievement gap. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 85(3), 117-121. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2012.655345
  • Peduzzi, P., Concato, J., Feinstein, A. R., & Holford, T. R. (1995). Importance of events per independent variable in proportional hazards regression analysis II. Accuracy and precision of regression estimates. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 48(12), 1503-1510. https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(95)00048-8
  • Phipps, S. T., Prieto, L. C., & Ndinguri, E. N. (2013). Teaching an old dog new tricks: Investigating how age, ability, and self efficacy influence intentions to learn and learning among participants in adult education. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 17(1), 13-25.
  • Ramey, C. T., & Ramey, S. L. (2004). Early learning and school readiness: Can early intervention make a difference?. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(4), 471-491. https://doi.org/10.1353/mpq.2004.0034
  • Saçkes, M. (2013). Erken çocukluk eğitiminde önem verilmesi gereken gelişimsel alanlar: Anne-baba ve öğretmen önceliklerinin karşılaştırılması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 13(3), 1675-1690.
  • Senemoğlu, N. (1994). Okulöncesi eğitim programı hangi yeterlikleri kazandırmalıdır?. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 10, 21-30.
  • Steyerberg, E. W., Harrell Jr, F. E., Borsboom, G. J., Eijkemans, M. J. C., Vergouwe, Y., & Habbema, J. D. F. (2001). Internal validation of predictive models: efficiency of some procedures for logistic regression analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 54(8), 774-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00341-9
  • Sun, J., Rao, N., & Pearson, E. (2015). Policies and strategies to enhance the quality of early childhood educators. UNESCO.
  • Süslü, A. ve Ötken, Ş. (2020). Direksiyon eğitimi dersi uygulama sınavlarına katılan kursiyerlerin başarısını yordayan değişkenlerin lojistik regresyon analizi ile belirlenmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(228), 421-436. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.695490
  • Sylva, K., Melhuish, E., Sammons, P., Siraj-Blatchford, I., & Taggart, B. (2004). The effective provision of pre-school education (EPPE) project: Final Report: A longitudinal study funded by the DfES 1997-2004. Institute of Education, University of London.
  • Talla, M. (2012). Curriculum development perspectives, principles and issues. Delhi: Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
  • Tang, H., & Xing, W. (2022). Massive open online courses for professional certificate programs? Perspectives on professional learners’ longitudinal participation patterns. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 38(1), 136-147. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.5768
  • Tunçeli, H. İ. ve Zembat, R. (2017). Erken çocukluk döneminde gelişimin değerlendirilmesi ve önemi. Eğitim Kuram ve Uygulama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 1-12.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı. (2018). Resmî Gazete, 30388, 24-69. Ankara: T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Külliyesi Hukuk ve Mevzuat Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. (2019). On birinci kalkınma planı (2019-2023). Ankara: Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı Yayınları.
  • United Nations Children’s Fund. (2020). Access and equity in early childhood education. evaluation of five countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Panama City: United Nations Children’s Fund.
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2019). Global education monitoring report 2019: Migration, displacement and education: Building bridges, not walls. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
  • van Smeden, M., Moons, K. G., de Groot, J. A., Collins, G. S., Altman, D. G., Eijkemans, M. J., & Reitsma, J. B. (2019). Sample size for binary logistic prediction models: Beyond events per variable criteria. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 28(8), 2455-2474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0962280218784726
  • World Bank. (2023). Global economic prospects. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.
  • Xing, S., & Chen, Q. (2019, April). Research and practice on achievement of curriculum objectives based on outcome-based education idea. In The First International Symposium on Management and Social Sciences (ISMSS 2019) (pp. 221-225). Atlantis Press.
  • Yaşar Ekici, F. ve Kırkıç, K. A. (2021). Erken çocukluk dönemi eğitim programları. F. Yaşar Ekici & K. A. Kırkıç (Eds), Erken çocukluk eğitimi kuramdan uygulamaya, içinde (s. 51-75). Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Yu, J. (2024). Educational data mining: Uncovering determinants of course success. In Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Information Education and Artificial Intelligence (pp. 288-293). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3660043.3660095
  • Yukselturk, E., & Top, E. (2013). Exploring the link among entry characteristics, participation behaviors and course outcomes of online learners: An examination of learner profile using cluster analysis. British Journal of Educational Technology, 44(5), 716-728. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01339.x
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Psikolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Umut Birkan Özkan 0000-0001-8978-3213

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkan, U. B. (2024). Analysis of Participant Achievement in the 0-72 Months Child Development Course Program: Impact of Age, Education Level, Employment Status, and Reasons for Choosing the Course. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 509-523. https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1371982