21st Century Design Trends and Directions in Graphic Design

Yıl 2024, , 8 - 29, 30.06.2024

Sefa Ersan Kaya

https://doi.org/10.46641/medeniyetsanat.1440476

Öz

The field of graphic design has undergone significant changes in recent years due to technological advancements, cultural shifts, and evolving communication methods. The rise of mobile devices, the internet, and social media has transformed graphic design's language and audience. As a result, these changes have impacted the fundamental principles of design. The multi-layered structure of graphic design has enabled access through various screen surfaces and demographics, leading to the concept of human-computer interaction. This has reshaped the future of graphic design. This study examines the trends and orientations of graphic design in the 21st century, including simplicity and functionality, mobile adaptation/responsive design, kinetic typography, and the integration of VR/AR applications into graphic design. The interdisciplinary nature of this field is explored, providing an overview of design approaches with alternative analysis and creation patterns. The study aims to provide a formal perspective on the integration of graphic design in various fields and their logical relationships. It emphasizes the importance of effective design practices and developing industry-specific graphic forms as crucial areas for future research and innovation in graphic design.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Graphic Design, Typography, Kinetic Typography, Digitalization, Responsive Design

Grafik Tasarımda 21. Yüzyıl Tasarım Trendleri ve Yönelimleri

Öz

Grafik tasarım, teknolojik gelişmeler, kültürel değişimler ve iletişim yöntemlerinin evrimi bağlamında anlatım olanakları ve ifade biçimlerinde değişimler yaşamıştır. Mobil cihazlar, internet, sosyal medya gibi faktörler grafik tasarımın dilini ve kitlesini değiştirmiştir. Teknolojik evrim ve iletişim gereklilikleri, tasarımın temel ilkeleri üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Grafik tasarımın çok katmanlı yapısı, farklı ekran yüzeyleri ve farklı demografik yapı olanaklarıyla erişimi kolaylaştırmıştır. Erişimin kolaylaşması insan-bilgisayar kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu tanımlama ile grafik tasarımın geleceği yeniden şekillenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında grafik tasarımın 21. yüzyıl trend ve yönelimlerindeki konular; sadelik ve işlevsellik, mobil uyum/duyarlı tasarım, kinetik tipografi ve VR/AR uygulamalarının grafik tasarıma olan entegrasyonu olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu disiplinler arası alan entegrasyonunda tasarım yaklaşımlarına alternatif çözümleme ve yaratım desenleriyle bir bakış sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, grafik tasarımın farklı alanlara entegrasyonu ve mantıksal ilişkilerine dair biçimsel bir bakışı ortaya koymaktır. Etkili tasarım uygulamalarına duyulan ihtiyaç ve sektöre özgü grafik formların geliştirilmesi, grafik tasarımda gelecekteki araştırma ve yenilikler için önemli alanlar olarak vurgulanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Grafik Tasarım, Tipografi, Kinetik Tipografi, Dijitalleşme, Duyarlı Tasarım

Kaynakça

• Abbasi, A., Schultz, C., Ting, D., Ali, F., & Hussain, K. (2022). Advertising value of vlogs on destination visit intention: the mediating role of place attachment among pakistani tourists. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 13(5), 816-834. https://doi.org/10.1108/jhtt-07-2021-0204
• Axismaps, (2023). https://www.axismaps.com/guide/visual-variables, Erişim tarihi: 19.01.2023.
• Basu, A. (2019). A brief chronology of Virtual Reality, Cornell University arxiv, 1, 2-18. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1911.09605
• Benko, H., Wilson, A., & Zannier, F. (2014). Dyadic projected spatial augmented reality. User Interface Software and Technology, USA, 645-655. https://doi.org/10.1145/2642918.2647402
• Bertamini, M., Palumbo, L., Gheorghes, T., & Galatsidas, M. (2015). Do observers like curvature or do they dislike angularity?. British Journal of Psychology, 107(1), 154-178. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12132
• Chiang, H. & Chiasson, S. (2013). Improving user authentication on mobile devices. Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, USA, 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1145/2493190.2493213
• Chin, SH., (2013). Examining the User Satisfaction on Web APP in LUI, PUI, and GUI, International Journal of Computer and Communication Engineering, 2(3), 358-362 https://doi.org/10.7763/IJCCE.2013.V2.204
• Cui, M., Zheng, C., Shi, W., & Wang, Z. (2023). Research of the typography design for digital reading on mobile devices. Ergonomics in Design. USA, 77, 110-121. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003368
• Ejaz, A., Ali, SA, Ejaz, MY ve Siddiqui, FA (2019). Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Tasarımı için Grafik Kullanıcı Arayüzü Tasarım İlkeleri. Uluslararası İleri Bilgisayar Bilimi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi.
• Forlizzi, J., Lee, J. ve Hudson, S. (2003). The Kinedit System: Affective Messages Using Dynamic Texts.” Proceedings of the CHI 2003 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 377–384.
• Haraway, D. (1992). The Materiality of Information. In: Cirincione J. and D’Amato B, eds. Through the Looking Glass: Artists’ First Encounters with Virtual Reality. Jupiter (FL): Softworlds: 17-24.
• He, X. (2017). Transitivity of kinetic typography: Theory and application to a case study of a public service advertisement. Visual Communication Article, 16(2), 165-194. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470357216684080
• Huang, W. (2015). Analysis on the application of the virtual reality technology in the graphic design. Advances in Intelligent Systems Research, France, 289-292. https://doi.org/10.2991/amcce-15.2015.53
• Ickin, S., Wac, K., Fiedler, M., Janowski, L., Hong, J., & Dey, A. (2012). Factors influencing quality of experience of commonly used mobile applications. Ieee Communications Magazine, 50(4), 48-56. https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2012.6178833
• Lee, K. B., & Hong, Y. I. (2010). November 28). Practical Study for Developing Graphic Design Adopting Systematic Theories of Typography. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association. 10(11), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2010.10.11.080
• Leeuwen, T. van & Djonov, E. (2015). Notes towards a semiotics of kinetic typography, Social Semiotics, 25:2, 244-253, https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2015.1010324
• Loknar, N. S., Bratić, D., & Agić, A. (2020). Kinetic typography-figuration and technology. 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design Conference, 719-723 https://doi.org/ 10.24867/GRID-2020-p81
• Lou, M. (2017). A Virtual Reality Teaching System for Graphic Design Course. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 12(09), 117–129. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v12i09.7492
• Luthfiasari, A. & Fadillah, C. (2023). Comparative analysis of kinetic typography elements in movie title sequence. Serat Rupa Journal of Design, 7(1), 43-60. https://doi.org/10.28932/srjd.v7i1.5636
• McAlindon, K., Neal, J. W., Neal, Z. P., Mills, K., & Lawlor, J. (2018). The bond framework: a practical application of visual communication design and marketing to advance evaluation reporting. American Journal of Evaluation, 40(2), 291-305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098214018771219
• Medium, (2023). https://medium.com/hackernoon/kinetic-typography-quickstart-guide-for-devs-designers-d5c6b5545ade, Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2023.
• Meggs, P. B., & Purvis, A. W. (2016). Meggs’ History of Graphic Design (6th ed.). Wiley.
• Modena, E., Pinotti, A., & Pirandello, S. (2020). Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality New Tools for Art and Politics, in "Paradigmi, Rivista di critica filosofica, 87-106, https://doi: 10.30460/100230
• Rooij, A., Dekker, E., Slegers, K., & Biskjaer, M. (2021). How graphic designers rely on intuition as an ephemeral facility to support their creative design process. International Journal of Design Creativity and Innovation, 9(4), 252-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650349.2021.1951358
• Sjaerodji, Y. & Indrawati, D. (2022). Semiotic analysis of typography in apple virtual advertisement. Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature), 6(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.33019/lire.v6i1.136
• Stöckl, H. (2005). Typography: body and dress of a text - a signing mode between language and image. Visual Communication, 4(2), 204-214. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470357205053403
• Tian, Z. (2020). Dynamic visual communication image framing of graphic design in a virtual reality environment. Ieee Access, 8, 211091-211103. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3022644
• Watzman, S. (2003). Visual Design Principles for Usable Interfaces. In J. A. Jacko, & A. Sears (Eds.), The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies, and Emerging Applications (pp. 263-285). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.