Hadis, Eğitim ve Kimlik: İmam el-Nevevî’nin Kırk Hadis’inin Malezya Ulusal Müfredatına Entegrasyonu Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu makale, İmam el-Nevevî’nin Kırk Hadis’inin Malezya ulusal eğitim müfredatına entegrasyon sürecini incelemektedir. Makale, İslamî eğitimin ulusal kimlik inşasındaki rolünü hadis ekseninde ele almakta olup 2023 yı-lında başlatılan ve 2024-2025 eğitim-öğretim döneminde uygulamaya konu-lan “Kırk Hadis Projesi”ne (Penghayatan Hadis 40) odaklanmaktadır. Bu proje, JAKIM (Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia) olarak anılan “Malezya İs-lam Gelişim Dairesi”nin iş birliğiyle Malezya Eğitim Bakanlığı nezdindeki okullarda ülke genelinde yürütülmektedir. Sonuç bölümünde, projenin etki-sine ilişkin (etki ölçümünün yokluğu, uygulamanın sahadaki yansımaları) değerlendirmelerle birlikte; öğrenci tutum anketleri, disiplin istatistiklerinin takibi, öğretmen yeterliklerinin hizmet içi değerlendirilmesi ve ortak değer temelli tamamlayıcı modüllerin geliştirilmesi gibi öneriler sunulmuştur. Ça-lışmanın kapsamı yalnızca temel eğitimle sınırlı kalmayıp Malezya’nın çeşitli üniversitelerindeki hadis eğitiminin yapısı ve yöntemleriyle bu ve benzeri projelere zemin hazırlayıp katkı sağlaması bakımından hadis öğreniminin akademik yönden ne durumda olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araş-tırmanın amacı, hadis eğitiminin bir eğitim-öğretim materyali olmasının öte-sinde kimlik ve değer inşası aracı olarak kullanılma biçimini ortaya koymak-tır. Bununla birlikte bu ve benzer içerikli projelerin olası problemleri de ma-kalede analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak nitel araştırma esas alınmakta olup doküman incelemesi yoluyla resmî raporlar, müfredat belge-leri ve akademik kaynaklar incelenmektedir. Bu çalışma, “Kırk Hadis Proje-si” ile ulusal kimlik inşası arasındaki ilişkiyi kapsamlı biçimde ele alan litera-türdeki muhtemelen tek örnektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hadis
• İmam el-Nevevî
• Kırk Hadis
• Malezya
• Eğitim

Hadith, Education, and Identity: An Analysis of the Integration of Imam al-Nawawi’s Forty Hadith into Malaysia’s National Curriculum

Abstract

This paper examines the integration of Imam al-Nawawi’s Forty Ha-diths into the Malaysian national education curriculum. It examines the role of Islamic education in building national identity through the lens of hadith, focusing on the “Forty Hadith Project” (Penghayatan Hadis 40), which was launched in 2023 and implemented in the 2024-2025 academic year. This project is being implemented nationwide in schools affiliated with the Ma-laysian Ministry of Education, in collaboration with the Department of Is-lamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM; Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia). In the conclusion section, along with evaluations regarding the impact of the project (absence of impact measurement, reflections of the implementation in the field), suggestions such as student attitude surveys, monitoring of dis-cipline statistics, in-service evaluation of teacher competencies and deve-lopment of common value-based complementary modules are presented. The scope of the study extends beyond primary and secondary education to explore the structure and methods of hadith education at various Malaysian universities, and the academic status of hadith education, as it paves the way for and contributes to this and similar projects. The aim of the research is to reveal how hadith education is used as a tool for identity and value construction, beyond simply being a teaching and learning material. The paper also analyses potential problems with this and similar projects. The study uses a qualitative research methodology, examining official reports, curriculum documents, and academic resources through document analysis. This study is perhaps the only example in the literature that comprehensi-vely examines the relationship between the “Forty Hadith Project” and the construction of national identity.

Keywords

• Hadith
• Imam al-Nawawi
• Forty Hadith
• Malaysia
• Education

Kaynakça

1. Abdullah, Haslinda. “Modul Hadith 40: Pembentukan Perpaduan Dan Karakter Generasi Muda Malaysia”. Institut Pengajian Sains Sosial (IPSAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). 25 July 2024. Accessed 22 April 2025. https://ipsas.upm.edu.my/artikel/modul_hadith_40_pembentukan_perpaduan_dan_karakter_generasi_muda_malaysia-80863.
2. Abdullah, M. Z. A. - et al. “Collaborative Digital Learning Platform for Ma-lay Manuscript Studies”. MATEC Web of Conferences 150 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815005054
3. Aslan, Abdurrahman. “Sejarah Perjalanan Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Di Malaysia”. Journal Ta’limuna 8/1 (2019), 29–45.
4. Cook, Michael. Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
5. Dzulkifli, Abdul Razak. “With a New PM, It’s Time for Education to Un-dergo a Real Change”. IIUM Newsroom. Accessed 14 July 2025. https://newsroom.iium.edu.my/index.php/2022/11/29/with-a-new-pm-its-time-for- education-to-undergo-a-real-change/
6. Hashim, Rosnani. Educational Dualism in Malaysia: Implications for Theory and Practice. Kuala Lumpur: The Other Press, 2011.
7. Hashim, Rosnani. “The Reformation of Muslim Education in Malaysia: En-suring Relevance and Overcoming Challenges”. Istanbul, 2013.
8. Ishak, Abu Bakar. Pendidikan Islam Dan Pengaruhnya Di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1995.

9. Jamaluddin, Mior. “Sistem Pendidikan Di Malaysia: Dasar, Cabaran, Dan Pelaksanaan Ke Arah Perpaduan Nasional”. Sosiohumanika 4/1 (2011), 33–48.
10. Jamil, Asyraf Isyraqi Bin - et al. “From Integrated to Standard: Reformation of the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum and Teacher Training in Malaysia”. Global Agendas and Education Reforms: A Comparative Study. 171–193. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan, 1st Ed., 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3068-1_9
11. Mauzy et al. “The Mahathir Administration in Malaysia: Discipline through Islam”. Pacific Affairs 56/4 (1983), 617–648.
12. Mohd Nor et al. ‘Sejarah Dan Perkembangan Pendidikan Islam Di Malay-sia’. Jurnal At-Ta’dib 6/1 (2011), 1–20.
13. Oktan, Yusuf. “Malezya’da Son Dönem Hadis Çalışmalarının Serencamı”. Modern Dönemde Hadis ve Babanzâde Ahmed Naîm. 301–303. İstanbul: Dîvân Kitap, 2022.
14. Özay, Mehmet. “Malezya’da Din-Devlet İlişkisine Kısa Bir Bakış: Dr. Ma-hathir Mohamad Dönemi İslamlaştırma Politikaları ve Yansımaları”. Turkish Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 2/1 (2013).
15. Roff, William R. The Origins of Malay Nationalism. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 1967. https://archive.org/details/originsofmalayna0000will/page/238/mode/2up?q=egypt.
16. Sever, Ali. “Türkiye’de Çağdaş Hadis Tartışmaları” Paneli [“Contemporary Hadith Discussions in Turkey” Panel]. Journal of Namık Kemal University Faculty of Theology 3, no. 2 (2017): 409–412. Presented at Bilim ve Sanat Vakfı, Istanbul, 25 November 2017. Accessed 31 August 2025.
17. Soebahar, Moh. Erfan et al. ‘Islamic Devotion in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand as a Deterrent Against Religious Extremism’. HTS Teologiese Studies 79/1 (2023). https://hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/9366/26057
18. Tahir, Siti Hawa. Digital Learning of Malay Manuscript Studies (arXiv, no date). Accessed 22 May 2025. Accessed 22 May 2025. https://arxiv.org/abs/1301.5381
19. Watson Andaya, Barbara - Andaya, Leonard Y. ‘The Making of “British” Malaya, 1874–1919’. A History of Malaysia. Macmillan Asian Histories Series. London: Palgrave, 1982. https://doi- org.ezlib.iium.edu.my/10.1007/978-1-349-16927-6_6
20. Yabi, Shumsudin et al. “Students’ Perception on Teaching and Learning of Ulum Hadith: A Comparative Study in Malaysian Higher Public Edu-cational Institutions”. Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University, Natural Science Edition 16/12 (2020), 1–8.
21. Yasin, Firdaus binti Fatah et al. “The Development of ‘Ilm Tafsir and Hadith in Malaysian Educational System”. Journal of Islam in Asia 16/1 (2019), 263.
22. Zaman, S. M. “International Islamic University of Malaysia — Salient Fea-tures.” Islamic Studies 24/2 (1985), 255–263.
23. Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya. ‘Kursus Pengajian Al-Hadith / Al-Hadith Study Course (KPAH)’, no date. https://apium.um.edu.my/kursus-pengajian-al-hadith-al-hadith-study-course-kpah
24. Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya. ‘Bachelor of Al-Quran and Al-Hadith’, no date. https://apium.um.edu.my/bachelor-of-al-quran-and-al-hadith
25. Academy of Islamic Studies, Universiti Malaya. ‘Al-Quran & Al-Hadith’. Accessed 22 May 2025. https://apium.um.edu.my/al-quran-amp-al-hadith.html
26. Attorney General’s Chambers of Malaysia. ‘Federal Constitution of Malay-sia, Article 11; Article 12(3) and (4)’. Accessed 15 July 2025. https://www.agc.gov.my
27. Bernama. ‘MOE Launches 40 Hadith Appreciation Module’. 20 August 2023. https://www.bernama.com/en/news.php?id=2217824
28. Bernama. ‘Imam Al-Nawawi 40 Hadith Module for Implementation Begin-ning 2024/2025 School Session – MoE’. 22 January 2024. https://bernama.com/en/news.php?id=2285949
29. Britannica. ‘United Malaysia National Organisation’. 28 April 2025. https://www.britannica.com/topic/United- Malays-National-Organization
30. ‘Critical Thinking in Islamic Religious Education: A 21st Century Skills Ap-proach in Malaysian Schools’. International Journal of Arts and Social Sci-ence 7/No. 12 (2024). https://www.ijassjournal.com/2024/V7I12/41466639943.pdf
31. Faculty of Quranic and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). ‘Overview’, no date. https://fpqs.usim.edu.my/overview/
32. Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM). ‘Introduction: Establishment of IKIM’. Accessed 15 July 2025. https://www.ikim.gov.my/en/introduction-establishment-of-ikim/
33. International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC). ‘History of ISTAC, International Islamic University Malaysia’. Accessed 14 July 2025. https://institute.iium.edu.my/istac/history/
34. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). Buku Penerangan Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah. Putrajaya: Bahagian Pembangunan Kuriku-lum KPM, 2016.
35. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). Buku Penerangan Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (Semakan 2017). Putrajaya: Bahagian Pem-bangunan Kurikulum KPM, 2016.
36. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). ‘Falsafah Pendidikan Kebang-saan’. Accessed 28 April 2025. https://www.moe.gov.my/index.php/dasarmenu/falsafah-pendidikan-kebangsaan
37. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013–2025. Putrajaya: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia, 2013.
38. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). ‘Sekolah Agama Bantuan Kera-jaan (SABK)’, no date. Accessed 24 May 2025
39. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). ‘Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama (SMKA)’. Accessed 24 May 2025. https://www.moe.gov.my/sekolah-menengah-kebangsaan-agama-smka
40. Köstü, Ayşegül. “İmam Nevevî’nin ‘Kırk Hadis’ Adlı Eserinde Değerler Eğitimi.” Akademik Platform İslami Araştırmalar Dergisi 3, no. 2 (August 2019): 177–194.
41. Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences. ‘RKQS Proposed Study Plan by Semester’, no date. https://kulliyyah.iium.edu.my/ahaskirkhs/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2023/01/RKQS-Proposed-Study- Plan-by-Semester.pdf
42. Laporan Mengenai Pelaksanaan Dasar Pelajaran Terhadap Pelajaran Ugama Is-lam Mengikut Shor-Shor Penyata Razak 1965, Dan Jawatankuasa Menye-mak Pelajaran 1960. Kuala Lumpur: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM), 1972.
43. Legal Research Board Malaysia. Akta Pendidikan 1996 (Akta 550), Peraturan-Peraturan & Kaedah-Kaedah Terpilih (Hingga 10 June 2021). Kuala Lum-pur: International Law Book Services, 2021.
44. Majlis Keselamatan Negara. ‘Aktiviti Penghayatan Hadis 40 Imam Nawawi Diperluas Ke Semua Institusi Pendidikan KPM’. Accessed 5 April 2024. https://www.mkn.gov.my/web/ms/2024/04/05/aktiviti- penghayatan-hadis-40-imam-nawawi-diperluas-ke-semua-institusi-pendidikan-kpm/
45. Malaysiakini. ‘Nawawi’s 40 Hadith Module: MOE Clarifies It’s for Muslim Students Only’. 23 August 2023. https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/676892
46. MalaysiaNow. ‘Only for Muslims: Education Ministry Clears the Air Over Hadith Module’. 25 August 2023. https://www.malaysianow.com/news/2023/08/25/only-for-muslims-education-ministry-clears-the-air- over-hadith-module/
47. Malay Mail. ‘Accused of Being Unconstitutional, Education Ministry Says Imam Al-Nawawi’s 40 Hadith Module Only for Muslims’. 24 August 2023. https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2023/08/24/accused-of- being-unconstitutional-education-ministry-says-imam-al-nawawis-40-hadith-module-only-for- muslims/86953
48. School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia. ‘Senarai Bidang Penyelidi-kan Pascasiswazah Pusat Pengajian Ilmu Kemanusiaan 2025’, no date. https://humanities.usm.my/images/2025/Postgraduate/SENARAI%20BIDANG%202025.pdf
49. The Star. ‘JAKIM to Monitor Interpretation of “40 Hadith” Modules in Schools, Says Education Ministry’ (17 October 2023). https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2023/10/17/jakim-to-monitor-interpretation-of- 03940-hadith039-modules-in-schools-says-education-ministry
50. UCA News. ‘Malaysian Education Sinks Deeper into Islamization’ (14 Sep-tember 2023). https://www.ucanews.com/news/malaysian-education-sinks-deeper-into-islamization/102426
51. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). ‘Al-Quran and Al-Sunnah Studies (Undergraduate)’, no date. https://www.ukm.my/portalukm/undergraduate/al-quran-and-al-sunnah-studies/
52. Universiti Malaya Library. ‘Collection by Library’. 22 May 2025. https://umlib.um.edu.my/collection-by-library