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Fonksiyonel Gıda Gelişiminde Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar: Ohmik Isıtma ile Zerdeçallı Yoğurt Üretimi ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 17.01.2025

Öz

Amaç: Yenilikçi ve fonksiyonel gıda ürünlerinin geliştirilmesi, gıda endüstrisinde giderek daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışma, ohmik ısıtma ve geleneksel yöntemlerle üretilen zerdeçallı yoğurdun üretimi ve kalite özelliklerini incelemektedir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yoğurt örnekleri, süte %0,5 ve %1 oranlarında zerdeçal ekstraktı eklenerek ve ardından 130 V'de ohmik ısıtma veya geleneksel pastörizasyona tabi tutularak üretilmiştir. Elde edilen yoğurt örnekleri, renk (L*, a*, b*), pH, toplam fenolik madde (TPC) miktarı, antioksidan kapasitesi ve hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF) seviyeleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Zerdeçal ekstraktı ilavesinin yoğurdun antioksidan aktivitesini ve fenolik içeriğini önemli ölçüde artırdığını, ohmik ısıtmanın ise daha parlak ve homojen ürünler elde edilmesini sağladığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, ohmik ısıtmanın besin değerlerini ve duyusal özellikleri koruma açısından geleneksel yönteme göre daha yüksek bir verimlilik sunduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, sağlık faydalarını artırırken duyusal özellikleri geliştiren fonksiyonel gıda ürünleri üretiminde ohmik ısıtmanın yenilikçi bir yaklaşım olarak potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Kızılaslan N, Solak İ. Yoğurt ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri. J Gaziosmanpasa Sci Res. 2016;12:52-59.
  • Atwaa EH, Hassan MAA, Ramadan MF, Mark C. Production of probiotic stirred yoghurt from camel milk and oat milk. J Food Dairy Sci. 2020;11(9):259-64. doi:10.21608/JFDS.2020.118366.
  • Maciej Serda, Becker FG, Cleary M, et al. Yoğurt bilimi ve teknolojisi. Uniwersytet Śląski. 2006;7(1):343-54. doi:10.2/JQUERY.MIN.JS.
  • Govindarajan VS, Stahl WH. Turmeric — chemistry, technology, and quality. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 1980;12(3):199-301. doi:10.1080/10408398009527278.
  • Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Turmeric, the golden spice. In: Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2nd ed. CRC Press; 2011. p. 263-88.
  • Shalaby SM, Amin HH. Red cabbage and turmeric extracts as potential natural colors and antioxidants additives in stirred yogurt. J Probiotics Health. 2018;6(1):1000206. doi:10.4172/2329-8901.1000206.
  • Tizghadam P, Roufegari-Nejad L, Asefi N, Jafarian Asl P. Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity of set yogurt fortified with dill (Anethume graveolens) extract. J Food Meas Charact. 2021;15(4):3088-95. doi:10.1007/s11694-021-00881-2.
  • Knirsch MC, Alves dos Santos C, Vicente AAM, Penna TCV. Ohmic heating: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2010;21(9):436-41. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2010.06.003.
  • Cho WI, Yi JY, Chung MS. Pasteurization of fermented red pepper paste by ohmic heating. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol. 2016;34:180-6. doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2016.01.015.
  • Cabas BM, İçier F. Ohmic heating–assisted extraction of natural color matters from red beetroot. Food Bioproc Technol. 2021;14(11):2062-77. doi:10.1007/s11947-021-02698-9.
  • Sabanci S, İçier F. Evaluation of an ohmic assisted vacuum evaporation process for orange juice pulp. Food Bioprod Process. 2022;131:156-63. doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2021.09.009.
  • Lebovka NI, Shynkaryk MV, Vorobiev E. Drying of potato tissue pretreated by ohmic heating. Drying Technol. 2006;24(5):601-8. doi:10.1080/07373930600626677.
  • Bozkurt H, İçier F. Ohmic thawing of frozen beef cuts. J Food Process Eng. 2012;35(1):16-36. doi:10.1111/j.1745-4530.2009.00569.x.
  • Çelebi C, İçier F. Ohmic thawing of frozen ground meat. Bulg Chem Commun. 2014;46(Special issue B):121-5.
  • Mercan E, Sert D, Karakavuk E, Akın N. Effect of different levels of grapeseed (Vitis vinifera) oil addition on physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of set-type yoghurt. Int J Dairy Technol. 2018;71:34-43. doi:10.1111/1471-0307.12415.
  • Cemeroğlu B. Gıda analizleri. 2nd ed. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları; 2010.
  • Coşkun H, Albayrak B, Helal M, Dhyaa S, Öztürk BB. Zerdeçal ekstraktı kullanımının kefirin bazı fizikokimyasal özelliklerine etkisi. Gıda. 2024;49(6):1062-73.
  • Parmar P, Singh AK, Meena GS, Borad S, Raju PN. Application of ohmic heating for concentration of milk. J Food Sci Technol. 2018;55:4956-63.
  • Ariç Sürme S. Ohmik ısıtma işleminin sütün evaporasyonunda kullanımı, elektriksel iletkenlik, performans analizi ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi (Yüksel lisans tezi). Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü; 2021.
  • Ak F, Karakavuk E, Goksu A, Sabancı S. An innovative approach in oat milk production: ohmic heating. Food Bioprod Process. 2024;148:421-7.
  • Rhim JW, Jones VA, Swartzel KR. Kinetic studies in the color changes of skim milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol. 1988;21(6):334-8.
  • Burton H. Color changes in heated and unheated milk: I. The browning of milk on heating. J Dairy Res. 1955;21(2):194-203. doi:10.1017/S0022029900007287.
  • Morales FJ, Jiménez-Pérez S. HMF formation during heat treatment of milk type products as related to milk fat content. J Food Sci. 1999;64(5):855-9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15927.x.
  • Shan B, Cai YZ, Sun M, Corke H. Antioxidant capacity of 26 spice extracts and characterization of their phenolic constituents. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53:7749-59.
  • Sabanci, S. A study on electrical conductivity and performance evaluation of ohmic evaporation process of grape juice. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2021, 45.5: e15487.
  • Darvishi H, Khostaghaza MH, Najafi G. Ohmic heating of pomegranate juice: electrical conductivity and pH change. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. 2013;12(2):101-8.
  • Sabancı, S.; İçier, F. Effects of vacuum ohmic evaporation on some quality properties of sour cherry juice concentrates. International Journal of Food Engineering, 2019, 15.9: 20190055.
  • Borad SG, Kumar A, Singh AK. Effect of processing on nutritive values of milk protein. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017;57(17):3690-702. doi:10.1080/10408398.2016.1160361

Innovative Approaches in Functional Food Development: Production and Quality Characteristics of Turmeric Yogurt Using Ohmic Heating

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 17.01.2025

Öz

Objective: The development of innovative and functional food products is becoming increasingly important in the food industry. This study examines the production and quality characteristics of turmeric yogurt produced using ohmic heating and conventional methods. Materials and Methods: Yogurt samples were prepared by adding turmeric extract to milk at concentrations of 0.5% and 1%, followed by processing with ohmic heating at 130 V or conventional pasteurization. The obtained yogurt samples were evaluated in terms of color (L*, a*, b*), pH, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity, and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) levels. Results: The addition of turmeric extract significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of the yogurt. Ohmic heating was found to produce brighter and more homogeneous products. Additionally, ohmic heating demonstrated greater efficiency compared to the conventional method in preserving nutritional values and sensory attributes. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of ohmic heating as an innovative approach in the production of functional food products that enhance health benefits while improving sensory characteristics.

Kaynakça

  • Kızılaslan N, Solak İ. Yoğurt ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri. J Gaziosmanpasa Sci Res. 2016;12:52-59.
  • Atwaa EH, Hassan MAA, Ramadan MF, Mark C. Production of probiotic stirred yoghurt from camel milk and oat milk. J Food Dairy Sci. 2020;11(9):259-64. doi:10.21608/JFDS.2020.118366.
  • Maciej Serda, Becker FG, Cleary M, et al. Yoğurt bilimi ve teknolojisi. Uniwersytet Śląski. 2006;7(1):343-54. doi:10.2/JQUERY.MIN.JS.
  • Govindarajan VS, Stahl WH. Turmeric — chemistry, technology, and quality. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 1980;12(3):199-301. doi:10.1080/10408398009527278.
  • Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Turmeric, the golden spice. In: Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2nd ed. CRC Press; 2011. p. 263-88.
  • Shalaby SM, Amin HH. Red cabbage and turmeric extracts as potential natural colors and antioxidants additives in stirred yogurt. J Probiotics Health. 2018;6(1):1000206. doi:10.4172/2329-8901.1000206.
  • Tizghadam P, Roufegari-Nejad L, Asefi N, Jafarian Asl P. Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity of set yogurt fortified with dill (Anethume graveolens) extract. J Food Meas Charact. 2021;15(4):3088-95. doi:10.1007/s11694-021-00881-2.
  • Knirsch MC, Alves dos Santos C, Vicente AAM, Penna TCV. Ohmic heating: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2010;21(9):436-41. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2010.06.003.
  • Cho WI, Yi JY, Chung MS. Pasteurization of fermented red pepper paste by ohmic heating. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol. 2016;34:180-6. doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2016.01.015.
  • Cabas BM, İçier F. Ohmic heating–assisted extraction of natural color matters from red beetroot. Food Bioproc Technol. 2021;14(11):2062-77. doi:10.1007/s11947-021-02698-9.
  • Sabanci S, İçier F. Evaluation of an ohmic assisted vacuum evaporation process for orange juice pulp. Food Bioprod Process. 2022;131:156-63. doi:10.1016/j.fbp.2021.09.009.
  • Lebovka NI, Shynkaryk MV, Vorobiev E. Drying of potato tissue pretreated by ohmic heating. Drying Technol. 2006;24(5):601-8. doi:10.1080/07373930600626677.
  • Bozkurt H, İçier F. Ohmic thawing of frozen beef cuts. J Food Process Eng. 2012;35(1):16-36. doi:10.1111/j.1745-4530.2009.00569.x.
  • Çelebi C, İçier F. Ohmic thawing of frozen ground meat. Bulg Chem Commun. 2014;46(Special issue B):121-5.
  • Mercan E, Sert D, Karakavuk E, Akın N. Effect of different levels of grapeseed (Vitis vinifera) oil addition on physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of set-type yoghurt. Int J Dairy Technol. 2018;71:34-43. doi:10.1111/1471-0307.12415.
  • Cemeroğlu B. Gıda analizleri. 2nd ed. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları; 2010.
  • Coşkun H, Albayrak B, Helal M, Dhyaa S, Öztürk BB. Zerdeçal ekstraktı kullanımının kefirin bazı fizikokimyasal özelliklerine etkisi. Gıda. 2024;49(6):1062-73.
  • Parmar P, Singh AK, Meena GS, Borad S, Raju PN. Application of ohmic heating for concentration of milk. J Food Sci Technol. 2018;55:4956-63.
  • Ariç Sürme S. Ohmik ısıtma işleminin sütün evaporasyonunda kullanımı, elektriksel iletkenlik, performans analizi ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi (Yüksel lisans tezi). Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü; 2021.
  • Ak F, Karakavuk E, Goksu A, Sabancı S. An innovative approach in oat milk production: ohmic heating. Food Bioprod Process. 2024;148:421-7.
  • Rhim JW, Jones VA, Swartzel KR. Kinetic studies in the color changes of skim milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol. 1988;21(6):334-8.
  • Burton H. Color changes in heated and unheated milk: I. The browning of milk on heating. J Dairy Res. 1955;21(2):194-203. doi:10.1017/S0022029900007287.
  • Morales FJ, Jiménez-Pérez S. HMF formation during heat treatment of milk type products as related to milk fat content. J Food Sci. 1999;64(5):855-9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15927.x.
  • Shan B, Cai YZ, Sun M, Corke H. Antioxidant capacity of 26 spice extracts and characterization of their phenolic constituents. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53:7749-59.
  • Sabanci, S. A study on electrical conductivity and performance evaluation of ohmic evaporation process of grape juice. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2021, 45.5: e15487.
  • Darvishi H, Khostaghaza MH, Najafi G. Ohmic heating of pomegranate juice: electrical conductivity and pH change. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. 2013;12(2):101-8.
  • Sabancı, S.; İçier, F. Effects of vacuum ohmic evaporation on some quality properties of sour cherry juice concentrates. International Journal of Food Engineering, 2019, 15.9: 20190055.
  • Borad SG, Kumar A, Singh AK. Effect of processing on nutritive values of milk protein. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017;57(17):3690-702. doi:10.1080/10408398.2016.1160361
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Beslenme ve Diyetetik (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Emrah Karakavuk 0000-0003-3199-7205

Amine Nur Yaşar 0009-0000-2651-8279

Havanur Dağaç 0009-0003-4940-8840

Serdal Sabancı 0000-0003-1630-0799

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Ocak 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi 30 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Karakavuk, E., Yaşar, A. N., Dağaç, H., Sabancı, S. (2025). Fonksiyonel Gıda Gelişiminde Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar: Ohmik Isıtma ile Zerdeçallı Yoğurt Üretimi ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Munzur Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1), 1-13.