ÖZERKLİK KURAMI BAKIŞ AÇISINDAN ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ ÇOCUKLARDA MOTİVASYON

Yıl 2018, ÜSTÜN-ÖZEL YETENEKLİLERİN EĞİTİMİ, 343 - 364, 07.11.2018

H. Elif Dağlıoğlu

Öz

Motivasyon enerji, irade, azim, aktivasyon ve niyet içeren bir kavram olmakla birlikte tanımlanması oldukça güçtür. Motivasyona ilişkin olarak günümüze

kadar pek çok kuram ileri sürüldüyse de son yıllarda insanın gelişimini büyüme ve kendini gerçekleştirmeye doğru aktif bir eğilim olarak tanımlayan

özerklik kuramı giderek ön plana çıkmaya başlamıştır. Çağımızda hala tam olarak tanımlanamayan üstün yeteneklilik açısından motivasyona bakıldığında üst düzey yeteneklere sahip çocukların temel özelliklerinden birisi olduğu görülmektedir. Bu durum; üstün yetenekli çocukların yaratıcılık, ileri yetenek gelişimi ve yüksek başarı gösterme özelliklerinin ortaya çıkmasında motivasyonun önemli bir role sahip olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Motivasyon bağlamında  üstün yetenekli çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren yaşıtlarından farklı özellikleri nedeniyle özellikle sosyal duygusal açıdan desteklenmeye; aileleri, öğretmenleri ve akranları tarafından benimsenmeye gereksinimleri vardır. Literatür taraması niteliğinde olan bu çalışmada özerklik kuramı çerçevesinde alanda yapılan araştırmalar incelenerek üstün yetenekli çocukların kendilerini gerçekleştirmek ve içsel motivasyonlarını arttırmak için evde ve okulda ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması; bu çocuklarla ilgili aile ve öğretmenlerin uzman kişilerce bilinçlendirilmeleri ve bu konuda kullanabilecekleri farklı strateji, yöntem ve teknikler konusunda bilgilendirilmeleri yönünde öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üstün Yetenek, Motivasyon, Özerklik Kuramı

Kaynakça

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