COVID-19 SALGINI SIRASINDA GÜNEY KORE'NİN K-12 EĞİTİMİNE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Öz

İnsanlık tarihi birçok salgın hastalığa tanık olmasına rağmen, dünya hala COVID-19 salgını için hazırlıklı değildi. Bu salgın sırasında, Kore Hastalık Kontrol Birimi'nin önerilerine paralel olarak, Güney Kore hükümeti başlangıçta okulların açılma tarihini erteledi ve ardından yeni dönemi çevrimiçi eğitim ile başlattı. Güney Kore hükümeti, çevrimdışı eğitime Mayıs ortasına kadar kademeli olarak başlamaya karar verdi. Güney Kore hükümeti COVID-19'a karşı savaşırken, çevrimiçi derslerin sürdürülebilmesi için öğretmenler, öğrenciler, okul yöneticileri ve aileler de bu süreci desteklemektedir. Yeni bir öğretim şekli olarak çevrimiçi derslere doğru yapılan bu ani geçiş doğal olarak kendi zorluklarını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu nedenle bu makalenin araştırmacıları, Güney Kore’nin COVID-19 salgını sürecindeki K-12 eğitimini ilk çevrimiçi eğitim uygulamalarından yeniden fiziksel okullara geçiş aşamalarına kadar geçilen süreçleri tanımlamak ve izah etmek amacıyla arşiv araştırma tekniği ile işbirliği içinde nitel içerik analizi yöntemini bu çalışma içerisinde kullanmışlardır. Analiz sonuçları beş kategori altında toplanabilmektedir; (i) uygulanan acil durum politikaları, (ii) öğretmenlerin çevrimiçi öğrenmeyi uygulamalarına yönelik öğretim stratejileri ve öğrenci değerlendirme yöntemlerini içeren hükümet yönergeleri, (iii) çevrimiçi öğrenime yönelik donanım ve yazılım hazırlıkları, (iv) öğretmenlerin çevrimiçi öğrenmede yeterliliklerini artırma ve (v) çevrimdışı eğitime dönme çabaları.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Güney Kore,K-12,COVID-19,Çevrimiçi Eğitim,Öğrenci,Öğretmen

AN OVERVİEW OF SOUTH KOREA’S K-12 EDUCATİON DURİNG COVID-19 PANDEMİC

Abstract

Although the human history witnessed many previous epidemic diseases, the world was still unprepared for this COVID-19 pandemic. During this pandemic, in parallel to the suggestions of Korea Center for Disease Control unit, South Korean government initially delayed schools’ start date and then began the new semester online. The government has decided starting offline education gradually by mid-May. While the government has been fighting against COVID-19, it has also been supporting teachers, students, school managers and families for online lectures. As being a new mode of instruction, sudden move to online lectures have been offering its own challenges. Therefore, the researchers implemented qualitative content analysis method in cooperation with archival research technique to portray K-12 education in South Korea during COVID-19 times from initial online education practices to reopening schools phases. The analysis results were grouped under five categories; (i) emergency policies employed, (ii) government guidelines including instructional strategies and student evaluation methods for teachers to implement online learning, (iii) hardware and software preparation for online learning, (iv) teachers’ competence enhancement for online learning, and (v) efforts to return to offline education.

Keywords

• South Korea,K-12,COVID-19,Online Education,Student,Teacher

Kaynakça

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