Is It Possible to Explain The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurship Intention in The Context of Gender?

Öz

Gender is the key factor while defining the values, roles and behaviors attributed to women and men in a population. Passive behaviors that are deemed more appropriate to women than men in social life are felt in professional life, too. However, active approach in the work life is essential in order to improve the social welfare. Entrepreneurship activities are the milestones of being active in business life. The person must have an entrepreneurial intention so that entrepreneurial activities take place. There is an intense effort both in theory and practice to understand the attitudes that cause people to become entrepreneurs and the factors that shape pioneering behaviors. Self-efficacy, which expresses individuals' personal beliefs that they have the capability to achieve a certain goal, has been a research subject in entrepreneurship-related studies for many years. Similarly, the extent to which women and men are included in entrepreneurial subjects is a matter of interest for many studies. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the relation between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention in the context of gender. The sample of the research that is designed as quantitative research, comprised of 191 people. Convenience sampling method and questionnaire were used for the data collection. At the end of the research, there is a significant relation between self-efficacy and entrepreneurship intention (β=.29 p<.01). It was determined that gender did not have a moderating effect on the relationship between these variables. Trying to explain the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention in the context of gender was inconclusive for this research sample.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Self-efficacy
• Entrepreneurship Intention
• Gender
• Moderating Effect.

Öz-Yeterlilik ve Girişimcilik Niyeti Arasındaki İlişkiyi Cinsiyet Bağlamında Açıklamak Mümkün mü?

Öz

Toplum içerisinde kadın ve erkeğe atfedilen değerler, roller ve davranışlar cinsiyet kavramını hayatın her alanında ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Özellikle kadınlara, erkeklerden farklı olarak, toplumsal hayatta uygun görülen edilgen davranışlar iş yaşamında da etkisini hissettirmektedir. Oysaki toplumsal refahın gelişiminde iş hayatında etken olmak elzemdir. İş hayatında etken olmanın temelinde de girişimcilik faaliyetleri yer almaktadır. Girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin gerçekleşebilmesi için bireyin girişimcilik niyetine sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bireyleri girişimci olmaya yönlendiren tutumları ve girişimcilik davranışlarını şekillendiren faktörleri anlamak için hem teoride hem uygulamada yoğun bir çaba vardır. Bireylerin belirli bir görevi yerine getirme yeteneklerine sahip olduklarına dair öznel inançlarını ifade eden öz-yeterlilik, uzun yıllardır girişimcilik ile ilgili çalışmalarda araştırma konusudur. Benzer bir şekilde, kadınların ve erkeklerin girişimcilik ile ilgili faaliyetlerde ne kadar etken oldukları pek çok araştırmanın merak konusudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı öz-yeterlilik ve girişimcilik niyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi cinsiyet bağlamı ile incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi 191 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak anket vasıtası ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, öz-yeterlilik ve girişimcilik niyeti arasında anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir (β=.29 p<.01). Araştırmanın temel amacı doğrultusunda, beklenilenin aksine, iki değişken arasındaki ilişkide cinsiyetin düzenleyici etkisi olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Öz-yeterlilik
• Girişimcilik Niyeti
• Cinsiyet
• Düzenleyici Etki.

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