Üniversite Öğrencilerinin İki Yılda Vücut Kompozisyonlarında Meydana Gelen Değişimlerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin iki yıllık sürenin başlangıcında ve sonunda vücut kompozisyonlarında meydana gelen değişikliklerin incelenmesidir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin vücut ağırlığı, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, yağ oranı, kas oranı, bel-kalça oranı ve vücut kitle indeksi parametreleri birinci yılın başında ve ikinci yılın sonunda ölçülmüştür. Tüm parametrelerin analizinde Will Coxon Testi kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık p>0.05 düzeyinde belirlenmiştir. Gönüllülerin vücut ağırlığı, bel çevresi ve yağ oranı parametrelerinde kız öğrencilerin ön test-son test değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilirken (p<0.05), erkek öğrencilerde fark yoktur (p>0.05). Kas oranı, bel-kalça oranı ve VKİ parametrelerinde ise her iki cinsiyetin ön test-son test değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Gönüllülerin iki yıllık sürenin başında ve sonunda ölçülen parametreleri arasında artmalar ya da azalmalar görülmüştür. Hem kızlarda hem erkeklerde vücut kitle indeksi değerlerinin azalarak normalleştiği, hem kızlarda hem de erkeklerde bel-kalça oranının risk grubunda olduğu ve kızların bel çevresi değerlerine göre riskli grupta oldukları saptanmıştır. Sağlık açısından önemli belirteçler olan bu parametrelerin ileriki yıllarda yaşanabilecek sağlık sorunları açısından takibinin ve gerekli tedbirlerin alınmasının önemi ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bel çevresi
• kalça çevresi
• bel-kalça oranı
• vücut kitle indeksi
• yağ oranı

An Investigation of University Students' Changes Occurred in Some Body Composition Measurements in Two Years

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the changes in the body composition of university students at the beginning and the end of the two-year period. Body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, fat ratio, muscle ratio, waist-hip ratio and body mass index parameters of university students were measured at the beginning of the first year and at the end of the second year. In the analysis of all the parameters Will Coxon Test was used. Significance was determined at p>0.05 level. In the body weight, waist circumference and fat ratio parameters of the volunteers there was a statistically significant difference between the pretest-posttest values of female students (p<0.05); however, there was no difference in male students (p>0.05). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference in the pretest-posttest values of both sexes in muscle ratio, waist-hip ratio and BMI parameters (p<0.05). Both increases and decreases were observed between the parameters of the volunteers measured at the beginning and the end of the two-year period. It was determined that the body mass index values decreased and normalized in both girls and boys, waist-hip ratio was in the risk group in both girls and boys similarly, and the girls were in the risky group regarding the waist circumference values. The findings revealed that following these parameters, which are the significant indicators of well-being, and taking necessary precautions play a critical role in the case of a health problem which may emerge in the future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Waist Circumference
• Hip Circumference
• Waist-Hip Raito
• Body Mass Index
• Fat Ratio

Kaynakça

1. Akın, S., Coşkun Ö.Ö., Özberk Z.N., Ertan H. and Korkusuz F. (2004). Comparison of physical characteristics and isokinetic knee muscle strengths in professional and amateur football players. Journal of arthroplasty&arthroscopic surgery,15(3),161-67.
2. Akpınar, E., Bashan, I., Bozdemir, N. and Saatçi E. (2007). Which is the best antropoemetric technique to identify obesity: Body mass indeks, waist circumference or waist hip ratio?. Coll Antropol, 31(2), 387-93.
3. Azizi, F., Esmaillzadeh, A. and Mirmiran, P. (2004). Obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Tehran adults: A population- based study. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 10(6), 887-897.
4. Booth, M.L., Hunter, C., Gore, C.J., Bauman, A. and Owen, N. (2000). The relationship between body mass index and waist circumference: Implications for estimates of the population prevalence of overweight. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 24, 1058-61.
5. Çayır, A., Atak, N. and Köse, K.S. (2011). Assessment of obesity frequency and related factors on ındividuals attending to the department of nutrition and dietetics. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 64(1), 13-19.
6. Donohoue, P.A. Obesity. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 2004, 17. press, 173- 177.
7. Ergün, A. and Erten, S.F. (2004). Body mass index and waist circumference in estimation of obesity in students. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 57(2), 57-61.
8. Evans, P.D., McIntyre, N.J., Fluck, R.J., McIntyre, C.W. and Tall, M.W. (2012). Anthropometric measurements that include central fat distribution are more closely related with key risk factors than BMI in CKD Stage 3. PLOSONE, 7(4), 1-7.

9. Flegal, K.M., Graubard, B.I. and Williamson, D.F. (2005). Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. JAMA, 293(15), 1861-1867.
10. Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L.S., Nelson, M.C. and Popkin, B.M. (2004). Fiveyear obesity incidence in the transition period between adolescence and adulthood: the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Am J Clin Nutr, 80, 569–575.
11. Işın, A. and Melekoğlu, T. (2019). The effects of acute strength training on bioelectrical impedance measurements. Cukurova Med J, 44(1), 80-86.
12. Jeukendrup, A., and Gleeson, M. (2010). Sport nutrition: an introduction to energy production and performance. United Kingdom: Human Kinetics, 316.
13. Kaya, H. and Özçelik, O. (2005). Determining the change of body composition over a year period among medical student. Fırat Medical Journal, 10(4), 164-168.
14. Kokino, Ş., Özdemir, F. and Zateri, C. (2006). Obezity and physical modalities. The Official Journal of Trakya University School of Medicine, 23 (1), 47-54.
15. Mushonga, N.G.T., Chagwena, D. and Benhura, C. (2014). An assessment of the nutritional status of university of Zimbabwe students. Pakistan Journal of Nutrution, 12(1), 30-33.
16. Özütürker, S. and Özer, K.B. (2016). Evaluation of nutritıon habits and anthropometric characteristics Erzincan university students. International Journal of Erzincan Social Sciences Institute, 9(2), 63-73.
17. Satman, İ. (2011). Türkiye Diyabet Prevalans Çalışmaları: TURDEP-I ve TURDEP-II. 47. Ulusal Diyabet Kongresi, Antalya, 1-36.
18. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2015). Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması, Sayı:5, 18854.
19. Tuğut, N. and Bekar, M. (2008). Cumhuriyet university student’s healthy perception state and the correlation of health promotion life style. Atatürk University Journal of School of Nursing, 11(3), 17-26.
20. Waist Circumference and Waist–Hip Ratio. (2008). Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Geneva, Switzerland, 20-27.
21. Wolf, A.M. and Colditz, G.A.(1996). Social and economic effects of body weight in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr, 63(3), 466-469.
22. World Health Organisation. (2000). Prevention and management of the global epidemic of obesity. Report of the WHO Consultation on Obesity, Geneva, 1-252.
23. Yıldırım, İ., Yıldırım, Y., Işık, Ö., Karagöz, Ş., Ersöz, Y. and Doğan, İ. (2017). Obesity prevalence among unıversity students according to different measurement methods. Inonu University, Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 4(2), 20-33.
24. Zileli, R., Cumhur, Ö., Özkamçı, H. and Diker, G. (2016). Obesity prevalence and eating habits in university students. Bilinçli Sağlıklı Yaşam Dergisi, (12), 549-562.