The Effect of Social Loafing Perception on Organizational Justice: The Moderating Role of Political Behavior

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 1750 - 1761, 21.07.2020

Kemal Köksal

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.526066

Cited By: 1

Öz

Organizational justice is an
antecedent of several organizational outcomes, so it is an important variable
for managers and researchers and, also social loafing is an essential variable
for organizations in terms of its results. In this scope, the relationship
between the perception of social loafing and organizational justice and the
moderating role of political behavior were examined. Data were collected from
231 public sector employees by the convenience sampling method to test the
relationships among the variables. SPSS and AMOS programs were used to analyze
the data. Confirmatory factor analysis was used for the construct validity of
the scales and, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used to
examine the relationship between variables. According to results, the
perception of social loafing is an antecedent of the organizational justice
and, political behavior has a moderate effect on the relationship between
social loafing perception and organizational justice. The results of the study
were discussed and, recommendations were made for the managers and researchers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Social Loafing Perception, Organizational Justice, Political Behavior, Moderating Effect

Algılanan Sosyal Kaytarmanın Örgütsel Adalete Etkisi: Politik Davranışın Düzenleyici Rolü

Öz

Örgütsel adalet algısı çok sayıdaki örgütsel
değişkenin önceli olduğundan yönetici ve araştırmacılar açısından önemli bir
değişkendir. Sosyal kaytarma ise sonuçları açısından örgütler için önemlidir.
Bu kapsamada, çalışmada sosyal kaytarma algısı ile örgütsel adalet ilişkisi ve
bu ilişkide politik davranışın düzenleyici rolü incelenmiştir. Değişkenler
arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek amacıyla, kamuda çalışan 231 çalışandan kolayda
örneklem yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler, SPSS ve AMOS
programları kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Ölçeklerin yapı geçerliliği için doğrulayıcı
faktör analizi, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için ise Pearson
korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın
bulgularına göre sosyal kaytarma algısı örgütsel adaletin bir öncelidir ve
politik davranış sosyal kaytarma ile örgütsel adalet algısı arasındaki ilişkide
düzenleyicilik etkisine sahiptir. Çalışma bulgularının tartışması yapılarak
yönetici ve araştırmacılar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal Kaytarma Algısı, Örgütsel Adalet, Politik Davranış, Düzenleyici Etki

Kaynakça

• Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity In Social Exchange. R. Folger, & R. Cropanzano içinde, Organizational Justice and Human Resources Management (s. 1-4). London: Sage Publications.
• Aydemir, S. (2018). Algılanan sosyal kaytarmanın örgütlerde çatışma eğilimine etkisi. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(2), 259-275.
• Bandura, A. (2002). Social cognitive theory in cultural context. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 51(2), 269-290.
• Barbuto, J. E., & Scholl, R. W. (1999). Leader’s Motivation and Leader’S Perception of Follower’S Motivation as Predictors of Leader’S Influence Tactics. Psychological Reports, 84, 1087-1098.
• Barbuto, J., Fritz, S., & Marx, D. (2002). A field examination of two measures of work motivation as predictors of leaders influence tactics. The Journal of Social Psychology, 142(5), 601–616.
• Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.
• Bolino, M. C., Kacmar, K. M., Turnley, W. H., & Gilstrap, J. B. (2008). A Multi-Level review of ımpression management motives and behaviors. Journal of Management, 34, 1080-1109.
• Bradshaw-Camball, P., & Murray, V. (1991). Illusions and Other Games: A Trifocal View of Organizational Politics. Organization Science, 2(4), 379-398.
• Cohen-Charash, Y., & Spector, P. E. (2001). The Role of Justice in Organizations: A Meta – Analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process, 86(2), 278–321.
• Colquitt, J. A., Long, D., Rodell, J. B., & Halvorsen-Ganepola, M. D. (2015). Adding the “In” to Justice: A Qualitative and Quantitative Investigation of the Differential Effects of Justice Rule Adherence and Violation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(2), 278-297.
• Colquitt, J. A., Scott, B. A., Rodell, J. B., Long, D. M., Zapata, C. P., Conlon, D. E., & Wesson, M. J. (2013). Justice at the millennium, a decade later: A meta-analytic test of social exchange and affect-based perspectives. Journal of Applied Psycholog, 98, 199-236.
• Cropanzano, R. S., Kacmar, K., & Bozeman, D. (1995). Organizational Politics, Justice, and Support: Their Differences and Similarities. R. Cropanzano, & K. Kacmar içinde, Organizational Politics, Justice and Support: Managing Social Climate at Work (s. 1-18). Westport: CT:Quorum Books.
• Cropanzano, R., Howes, J. C., Grandey, A. A., & Toth, P. (1997). The Relationship of Organizational Politics and Support to Work Behaviors, Attitudes, and Stress. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 159–180.
• Etemadi, M., Darab, M. G., Khorasani, E., Moradi, F., & Vazirinasab, H. (2015). Social loafing among nurses and its relation with organizational justice. International Journal of Educational and Psychological Researches, 1(2), 125-130.
• Folger, R., & Cropanzano, R. (2001). Fairness Theory: Justice as Accountability. J. Greenberg, & R. Cropanzano içinde, Advances in Organizational Justice (s. 1-55). Stanford: CA: Stanford Univ. Press.
• Folger, R., & Konovsky, M. (1989). Effects of Procedural And Distributive Justice On Reactions To Pay Raise Decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 35(1), 115-130.
• Gandz, J., & Murray, V. V. (1980). The Experience of Workplace Politics. Academy of Management Journal, 23 (2), 237-251.
• George, J. M. (1992). Extrinsic and intrinsic origins of perceived social loafing in organizations. The Academy of Management Journal, 35(1), 191-202.
• Greenberg, J. (1987). A Taxonomy of Organizational Justice Theories. Academy of Management Review ,, 12, 9-22.
• Gupta, S., & Case, T. (1999). Managers' Outward Influence Tactics And Their Consequences: An Exploratory Study. Leadership, Organizational Development Journal, 20, 300 – 311.
• Güçer, E., Pelit, E., Demirağ, Ş. A., & Keleş, Y. (2017). Sosyal kaytarmanın işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi: Otel işletmelerinde bir araştırma. Journal of Business Research Turk, 9(2), 14-36.
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective (7 b.). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
• Harris, K. J., Andrews, M. C., & Kacmar, K. M. (2007). The Moderating Effects of Justice on the Relationship Between Organizational Politics and Workplace Attitudes. Journal of Business Psychology, 22(2) , 135.
• Hayes, A. F., & Matthes, J. (2009). Computational procedures for probing interactions in OLS and logistic regression: SPSS and SAS implementations. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 924–936.
• Hochwarter, W. A., Kacmar, C., Perrew, P. L., & Johnson, D. (2003). Perceived Organizational Support as a Mediator of The Relationship Between Politics Perceptions and Work Outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 438–456.
• Hung, T., Chi, N., & Lu, W. (2009). Exploring the relationships between perceived coworker loafing and counterproductive work behaviors: The mediating role of a revenge motive. Journal of Business and Psychology, 24(3), 257-270.
• Judge, T. A., & Bretz, R. (1994). Political influence behavior and career success. Journal of Management, 20, 43-65.Kerr, N. L. (1983). Motivation losses in small groups: A social dilemma analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(4), 819-828.
• Kipnis, D., & Schmidt, S. M. (1988). Upward Influence Styles: Relationship With Performance Evaluations, Salary, And Stress. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 528-542.
• Latane, B., Williams, K., & Harkins, S. (1979). Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(6), 822-832.
• Liden, R. C., Wyne, S. J., Jaworski, R. A., & Bennett, N. (2004). Social loafing: A field investigation. Journal of Management, 30(2), 285–304.
• Luo, Z., Qu, H., & Marnburg, E. (2013). Justice perceptions and drives of hotel employee social loafing behavior. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, 456–464.
• Moorman, R. H. (1991). Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Do Fairness Perceptions Influence Employee Citizenship? Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(6), 845-855.
• Mulwey, P. W., Bowes-Sperry, & Klein, H. J. (1998). The effects of perceived loafing and defensive impression management on group effectiveness. Small Group Research, 29(3), 394-415. doi:10.1177/1046496498293006
• Murphy, S. M., Wayne, S. J., Liden, R. C., & Erdogan, B. (2003). Understanding social loafing: The role of justice perceptions and exchange relationships. Human Relations, 56(1), 61-84.
• Murphy, S. M., Wayne, S. J., Liden, R. C., & Erdogan, B. (2003). Understanding social loafing: The role of justice perceptions and exchange relationships. Human Relations, 56(1), 61-84. doi:DOI:10.1177/0018726703056001450
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
• Schnake, M. (1991). Equity in effort: The “sucker effect” in coacting groups. Journal of Management, 17, 41–56.
• Simms, A., & Nichols, T. (2014). Social loafing: A review of the literature. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 15(1), 58-67.
• Şeşen, H., Soran, S., & Caymaz, E. (2014). Dark side of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB): Testing a model between OCB, social loafing and organizational commitment. International Journal Of Business And Social Science, 5(5), 125-135.
• Thacker, R. A., & Wayne, S. J. (1995). An Examination Of The Relationship Between Upward Influence Tactics and Assessments of Promotability. Journal of Management, 21, 739–756.
• Thanh, V. B., & Toan, N. V. (2018). The relationship between organizational justice and social loafing in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(3), 179-183.
• Uslu, Y. D., & Çavuş, M. F. (2014). Örgütsel adalet ve kaytarma davranışları. Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 8(9), 51-54.
• Wayne, S. J., & Kacmar, K. M. (1991). The effects of impression management on the performance appraisal process. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 48, 70–88.
• Williams, K. D., & Karau, S. J. (1991). Social loafing and social compensation: The effects of expectations of co-worker performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), 570-581.