Is Vitamin D Level Associated with COVID-19 Infection?

Öz

Aim: The effects of vitamin D, which has an antiviral and immune modulator in preventing the rapidly spreading COVID-19, which has been resulting in increasing number of deaths worldwide, is discussed. The aim of the present study was to determine whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with COVID-19 risk. Material and Methods: Ninety-six individuals (48 COVID-19 positive and 48 COVID-19 negative) were included in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected with a questionnaire form evaluating the individual and clinical characteristics of the study participants, their eating habits affecting vitamin D status and their sun exposures. 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements and polymerase chain reaction test results were evaluated. Independent samples t test was used to compare the age, BFUI and vitamin D levels of the patient and control groups while Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were used for the ratio comparisons of categorical variables. Results: It was found that 86.5% of the study participants had vitamin D deficiency. There was no significant difference between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 and those who did not (11.50 ± 6.66 ng/ml and 12.95 ± 6.11 ng/ml, respectively, p = 0.271). Vitamin D status (severely deficient, deficient, insufficient) was similar in those with and without COVID-19 infection (p = 0.586). Conclusion: Our findings do not support the potential link between COVID-19 infection risk and 25-hydroxyvitamin D level or vitamin D status.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 25(OH)D
• COVID-19
• Infection
• Sunlight
• Vitamin D status

D Vitamini Düzeyi COVID-19 Enfeksiyonu ile İlişkili midir?

Öz

Amaç: Antiviral ve immün modülatör etkisi olan D vitamininin, dünya çapındaki artan ölüm sayısıyla birlikte hızla yayılan COVID-19’u önlemedeki etkisi tartışılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı 25-hidroksivitamin D düzeyinin COVID-19 riski ile ilişkili olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipteki çalışmaya 96 birey (48 COVID-19 pozitif ve 48 COVID-19 negatif) dahil edildi. Çalışmaya katılanların bireysel ve klinik özelliklerini, D vitamini durumlarını etkileyen beslenme alışkanlıklarını ve güneş maruziyetlerini değerlendiren anket formu ile veriler toplandı. 25-hidroksivitamin D düzeyi ölçümleri ve Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu test sonuçları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların %86,5’inde D vitamini eksikliği olduğu bulundu. Çalışmada COVID-19 testi pozitif olan ve olmayan bireylerin 25-hidroksivitamin D düzeyi ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (sırasıyla 11,50 ± 6,66 ng/ml, 12,95 ± 6,11 ng/ ml, p = 0,271). D vitamini durumu (ciddi eksiklik, eksiklik, yetersizlik) COVID -19 enfeksiyonu olan ve olmayanlar arasında benzer bulundu (p = 0,586). Hasta ve kontrol gruplarının yaşı, BFUI ve D vitamini düzeylerinin karşılanmasında iki ortalama arasındaki farkın önemlilik testi; kategorik değişkenlerin oran karşılaştırmaları için Ki-kare ve Fisher’in kesin testi kullanıldı. Sonuç: Bulgularımız 25- hidroksivitamin D düzeyi ve D vitamini durumu ile COVID-19 enfeksiyonu riski arasında potansiyel bağlantıyı desteklememektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 25(OH) D
• COVID-19
• D vitamini durumu
• Enfeksiyon
• Güneş ışığı

Kaynakça

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