Phytochemical characterization by GC-MS of water and hexane extracts from different organs of Astragalus schizopterus Boiss. collected from Hatay using ultrasonic-assisted extraction

Öz

This study elucidates the phytochemical composition and bioactive constituents of flower, leaf, and root extracts obtained from Astragalus schizopterus Boiss., an endemic species, through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The findings indicated that the polarity of the extraction solvent plays a decisive role in shaping the chemical profile. Terpenoids, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, and phenolic compounds were predominant in water extracts, whereas long-chain hydrocarbons and fatty acid derivatives were dominant in hexane extracts. In the flower water extract, α-bisabolol (3.49%) and 1-cyclopentylethyl ester (3.68%) were identified as major compounds, while n-octacosane (17.33%) and oleamide (14.51%) were dominant in the flower hexane extract. The leaf water extract exhibited the highest chemical diversity, whereas oleamide was determined as the major compound in both leaf and root hexane extracts, with proportions of 16.34% and 19.67%, respectively. This study represents one of the first comprehensive investigations revealing the phytochemical composition of the species on an organ basis using different solvents and provides fundamental data for its potential applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• geven
• Astragalus schizopterus
• phytochemical composition
• solvent polarity
• oleamid

Etik Beyan

Since this article does not involve any study with human or animal subjects, ethical approval was not required.

Hatay'dan toplanan Astragalus schizopterus Boiss.'in farklı organlarından ultrasonik destekli ekstraksiyon ile elde edilen su ve hekzan ekstraktlarının GC-MS ile fitokimyasal karakterizasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada, endemik bir tür olan geven veya kedi çomağı (Astragalus schizopterus Boiss.) bitkisinin çiçek, yaprak ve kök ekstraktlarının GC-MS ile kimyasal bileşimi ve biyoaktif içeriği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, ekstraksiyon çözücüsünün polaritesinin kimyasal profil üzerinde belirleyici rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Su ekstraktlarında terpenoidler, azotlu heterosiklik bileşikler ve fenolik bileşikler baskınken, hekzan ekstraktlarında uzun zincirli hidrokarbonlar ve yağ asidi türevleri ön plana çıkmıştır. Çiçek su ekstraktında α-bisabolol (%3.49) ve 1-cyclopentylethyl ester (%3.68); çiçek hekzan ekstraktında n-oktakosan (%17.33) ve oleamid (%14.51) baskındır. Yaprak su ekstraktı en yüksek kimyasal çeşitliliği gösterirken, yaprak ve kök hekzan ekstraktlarında oleamid sırasıyla %16.34 ve %19.67 oranlarıyla majör bileşik olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, türün fitokimyasal içeriğini organ bazında ve farklı çözücüler kullanarak kapsamlı şekilde ortaya koyan ilk araştırmalardan olup, bitkinin farmasötik, kozmetik ve gıda endüstrisi gibi alanlarda değerlendirilebilmesi için temel veriler sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• geven
• Astragalus schizopterus
• fitokimyasal karakterizasyonu
• çözücü polaritesi
• oleamid

Etik Beyan

Bu makalede insan veya hayvan deneklerle herhangi bir çalışma bulunmaması nedeniyle etik onaya gerek duyulmamaktadır.

Kaynakça

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