Determination of some plant growth promoting mechanisms of endophytic bacteria isolated from plants grown under salt stress and their effects on cucumber seedling growth

Abstract

Aims: Endophytic bacteria (EB) may contribute to plant growth and health in plants growing under stress. In this context, the study aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria from wild plants grown under saline conditions and determine plant growth-promoting (PGP) mechanisms and evaluate their effects on cucumber plant biomass.

Methods and Results: Different isolates of EB were isolated from plants growing in a natural salt source area in the Lake Van basin. In order to determine the PGP properties of these isolates; ability to dissolve phosphate, ACC-D activity, siderophore production and growth at different salt (NaCl) concentrations of these isolates were investigated. Their effects on plant growth were tested on cucumber plants under climatic chamber conditions. The 62 EBs were isolated from 26 plants belonging to Amaranthaceae, Poaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Fabaceae, and Chenopodiaceae, Hypericaceae families. It was determined that 40% of these isolates had phosphatase activity and 97% had the ability to produce siderephores. Furthermore, it was determined that 92% of the isolates could grow at 0.85M, 58% at 1.28M, 8% at 1.7M and only one isolate could grow at 2.56M of NaCl concentration. Some EB isolates significantly increased the plant shoot and root fresh and dry weight.

Conclusions: Plants growing under stress in nature have a very high potential in terms of hosting bacteria that can contribute to their struggle in adverse environmental conditions and support plant health and growth.

Significance and Impact of the Study: Obtained PGPR isolates with certain characters able to survive under stress, it has been observed that the preference of plants growing under pressure may increase the chance of success.

Keywords

• salt stress
• siderophore
• phosphatase
• cucumber
• plant growth

Tuz stresi altında gelişen bitkilerden izole edilen endofit bakterilerin bazı bitki gelişimini teşvik etme mekanizmalarının ve hıyar fide gelişimine etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Endofit bakteriler (EB) stres altında gelişen bitkilerde, bitki gelişimi ve sağlığına katkı sağlayabilirler. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı; tuzlu koşullarda yetiştirilen yabani bitkilerden endofitik bakterilerin izole edilmesi, bitki gelişimini teşvik etme (PGP) mekanizmalarının ve hıyar bitkisinin biyokütlesi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışmamızda Van Gölü havzasında yer alan bir doğal tuz kaynağı bölgesinde gelişen bitkilerden EB izolatlarının izolasyonu yapılmıştır. Bu izolatların PGP özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla; fosforu çözündürme kabiliyeti, ACC-D aktivitesi, siderofor üretimi ve farklı tuz (NaCl) konsantrasyonlarında gelişme yetenekleri incelenmiştir. Bitki gelişimine etkileri ise iklim odası koşullarında hıyar bitkisi üzerinde test edilmiştir. Amaranthaceae; Poaceae, Zygophyllaceae, Fabaceae; Chenopodiaceae, Hypericaceae familyalarına ait 26 bitkilerden 62 EB izole edilmiştir. Bu izolatlardan %40’ının fosfataz aktivitesine, %97’sinin ise siderofor üretme yeteneğine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İzolatların %92’sinin 0,85 M de, %58’inin 1,28 M de, %8’inin 1,7 M de ve yalnızca bir izolatın ise 2.56 M NaCl varlığında gelişebildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bazı EB izolatlarının bitki sürgün ve kök yaş kuru ağırlığında önemli düzeyde artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir.

Genel Yorum: Doğada stres altında gelişen bitkilerin, olumsuz çevre koşullarında mücadelelerine katkı yapacak, bitki sağlığı ve gelişimlerini destekleyebilecek bakterilere ev sahipliği yönünden oldukça yüksek potansiyele sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Belirli karakterlere sahip, stres altında hayatta kalabilecek EB izolatların elde edilmesi için yapılan çalışmada stres altında gelişen bitkilerin tercih edilmesinin başarı şansını arttırabileceği gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tuz stresi
• siderefor
• fosfataz
• hıyar
• bitki gelişimi

Kaynakça

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