Hatay’da PM10 ve SO2 Düzeyi ve Değişimleri, 2007-2017

Öz

Amaç:Hava kalitesi sağlığın en önemli belirleyicilerindendir. Hava kirliliği başta kanserler, kalp damar hastalıkları, solunum ve sinir sistemi hastalıkları olmak üzere çok sayıda hastalık için risk faktörüdür. Çalışmanın amacı Hatay’da hava kalitesini PM₁₀ ve SO₂ üzerinden yıllar itibarı ile değerlendirmektir. 

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın verileri Antakya ve İskenderun’da rutin ölçüm yapan hava kalitesi izlem istasyonların 2007 ve 2017 yılları arasındaki yaptığı ölçümlerden elde edildi. Yılın en az %75 gününde ölçüm yapılan veriler çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Veriler http://www.havaizleme.gov.tr/ sunucusundan 24 saatlik ortalamalar yıllara ve aylara göre analiz edildi.

Bulgular: PM₁₀; Tüm yılların ortanca PM₁₀ değeri 53 (min:0-max:995)µg/m³, ortalaması ise 66,6±53,4 µg/m³’dır. Ölçüm yapılan günler içinde, limit aşımı Antakya’da % 67,1, İskenderun’da %24,7 olmak üzere, genel ortalamada %54,3’tür. Limit aşımı en fazla %94,4 ile 2017 yılı iken, aylara göre ise %72,4 ile Şubat ayıdır. SO₂; Tüm verilerin ortanca SO₂ değeri 7(min:0-max:316)µg/m³’tür. Günlük SO₂ ölçümlerinin %15,6’sında limit aşımı olmuştur. Antakya’da SO₂ limit aşımı %11,6, İskenderun’da %22,3’tür.Yıllara göre en fazla limit aşımı %26,4 ile 2015 yılı, aylara göre ise %41,9 ile Aralık ayıdır.

Sonuç: Antakya ve İskenderun’da dış ortam havası kirlidir. Hava kalitesinde yıllar itibarı ile önemli bir iyileşme görülmemektedir. Hava kalitesini DSÖ’nün değerlerine yükseltebilmek için sorumlu sektörler başta olmak üzere, toplumun tüm kesimlerinde farkındalık ve duyarlılık geliştirici çalışmalar gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hava kirliliği,Antakya,İskenderun,PM10

PM10 and SO2 Levels and Changes in Hatay, 2007-2017

Öz

Aim: Air quality is one of the most important determinants of health. Air pollution is a risk factor for many diseases, especially cancers, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory and nervous system diseases. The aim of the study is to evaluate air quality in PM10 and SO2 in Hatay. Materials and Methods: The data of the study were obtained from the measurements of air quality monitoring stations in Antakya and Iskenderun between 2007 and 2017. Measured data at least 75% of the year were included. Data were collected from http://www.havaizleme.gov.tr/ and 24 hours averages are analyzed by the years and months. Results: The median PM10 value of all the years is 53 µg/m3 (min: 0-max: 995) and the average is 66.6 ± 53.4 10 µg / m3. Of the measurement days, the exceeded value was 54.3% in the general, 67.1% in Antakya and 24.7% in Iskenderun. The maximum exceeded percentage was seen 94,4% in 2017 and 72,4% in February. The median SO2 value of all data is 7 µg/m3 (min: 0-max: 316). Of daily SO2 measurements, 15.6% were exceeded limit. The percentage of exceeded limit in SO2 was 11.6% in Antakya and 22.3% in Iskenderun. The percentage of exceeded limit in SO2 by years and months was 26.4% in 2015 and 41.9% in December. Conclusion: Outdoor air in Antakya and Iskenderun is polluted. There is no significant improvement in the air quality by the years. In order to improve the air quality to the values of WHO, awareness and sensitivity enhancing efforts are required in all levels of the society, especially in the responsible sectors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air pollution,Antakya,Iskenderun,PM10,SO2

Kaynakça

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