The Place and Importance of Drosophila melanogaster in Nutrition and Disease Modeling

Öz

The aim of this study is to introduce Drosophila melanogaster for different disciplines working in biological sciences and to present the studies in which it is used as a model organism in a meaningful whole. For this purpose, the physiological and anatomical characteristics and life cycle of the organism were made more understandable with visuals. In addition, information about other model organisms was given and compared with D. melanogaster. Disease models of D. melanogaster were mentioned and the effects of different applications on the organism were presented with the support of literature. Thus, it was seen that food intake, body composition, intestinal barrier function, microbiota, fertility, ageing and life span of D. melanogaster, which is the subject of more and more research in food and nutrition research, can be systematically determined in response to environmental and nutritional factors. On the other hand, it is understood that the organism is intensively used in metabolic diseases, circulatory and excretory system diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. As a result, it is predicted that D.melanogaster can be used as a model in health, food and nutrition studies, meaningful data can be obtained by the use of people and institutions conducting research in the field of health in our country, and it can be beneficial in terms of time and cost.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diseases
• Drosophila melanogaster
• Model organism
• Nutrition

Beslenme ve Hastalık Modellemelerinde Drosophila melanogaster’in Yeri ve Önemi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı biyolojik bilimler çalışan farklı disiplinler için Drosophila melanogaster’in tanıtılması ve model organizma olarak kullanıldığı çalışmaların anlamlı bir bütün içerisinde sunulmasıdır. Bu amaçla organizmanın tanıtılması için fizyolojik ve anatomik özellikleriyle yaşam döngüsü görseller eşliğinde daha anlaşılır hale getirilmiştir. Ayrıca diğer model organizmalar hakkında bilgiler verilerek D. melanogaster ile mukayesesi yapılmıştır. D. melanogaster’in hastalık modellerine değinilmiş, farklı uygulamaların organizmadaki etkileri literatür desteğiyle sunulmuştur. Böylece gıda ve beslenme araştırmalarında giderek daha fazla araştırmaya konu olan D. melanogaster’in çevre ve beslenme faktörlerine yanıt olarak besin alımı, vücut kompozisyonu, bağırsak bariyer fonksiyonu, mikrobiyota, doğurganlık, yaşlanma ve yaşam süresinin sistematik olarak belirlenebileceği görülmüştür. Öte yandan metabolik hastalıklar, dolaşım ve boşaltım sistemi hastalıkları, kanser ve nörodejeneratif hastalıklar içinde organizmanın yoğun olarak kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak D.melanogaster’ in sağlık, gıda ve beslenme çalışmalarında model olarak kullanılabileceği, ülkemizde sağlık alanında araştırma yapan kişi ve kurumlarca kullanımıyla anlamlı verilere ulaşılabileceği, zaman ve maliyet açısından faydalı olabileceği öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beslenme
• Drosophila melanogaster
• Hastalıklar
• Model organizma

Kaynakça

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